Data / Rankings / Natural population change / EU countries

EU countries by natural population change

France had the highest natural population change of 27 EU countries in 2019, at 140,620. Italy had the lowest, at -214,333. The median was -1,302 and the figure for the European Union (27) was -486,847. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

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Highest140,620France
Lowest-214,333Italy
Median-1,30227 EU countries
European Union (27)-486,847History

Map of EU countries, 2019

Austria: 1,566 personsBelgium: 8,912 personsBulgaria: -46,545 personsCyprus: 3,309 personsCzechia: -131 personsGermany: -161,430 personsDenmark: 7,209 personsEstonia: -1,302 personsSpain: -57,355 personsFinland: -8,336 personsFrance: 140,620 personsGreece: -41,202 personsCroatia: -15,659 personsHungary: -36,792 personsIreland: 28,330 personsItaly: -214,333 personsLithuania: -13,308 personsLuxembourg: 1,947 personsLatvia: -8,933 personsMalta: 662 personsNetherlands: 17,795 personsPoland: -34,755 personsPortugal: -25,264 personsRomania: -60,169 personsSweden: 25,757 personsSlovenia: -1,260 personsSlovakia: 3,820 persons
  • Under -41K
  • -41K to -13K
  • -13K to 0
  • 0 to 3,000
  • 3,000 to 15K
  • 15K and over
persons, 2019. Red areas are below zero and blue areas above it. Source: Eurostat, Population change, natural change of population (demo_gind). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2019

France: 140,620 personsFrance140,620Ireland: 28,330 personsIreland28,330Sweden: 25,757 personsSweden25,757Netherlands: 17,795 personsNetherlands17,795Belgium: 8,912 personsBelgium8,912Denmark: 7,209 personsDenmark7,209Slovakia: 3,820 personsSlovakia3,820Cyprus: 3,309 personsCyprus3,309Luxembourg: 1,947 personsLuxembourg1,947Austria: 1,566 personsAustria1,566Malta: 662 personsMalta662Czechia: -131 personsCzechia-131Slovenia: -1,260 personsSlovenia-1,260Estonia: -1,302 personsEstonia-1,302Finland: -8,336 personsFinland-8,336Latvia: -8,933 personsLatvia-8,933Lithuania: -13,308 personsLithuania-13,308Croatia: -15,659 personsCroatia-15,659Portugal: -25,264 personsPortugal-25,264Poland: -34,755 personsPoland-34,755Hungary: -36,792 personsHungary-36,792Greece: -41,202 personsGreece-41,202Bulgaria: -46,545 personsBulgaria-46,545Spain: -57,355 personsSpain-57,355Romania: -60,169 personsRomania-60,169Germany: -161,430 personsGermany-161,430Italy: -214,333 personsItaly-214,333France: 140,620 personsFrance140,620Ireland: 28,330 personsIreland28,330Sweden: 25,757 personsSweden25,757Netherlands: 17,795 personsNetherlands17,795Belgium: 8,912 personsBelgium8,912Denmark: 7,209 personsDenmark7,209Slovakia: 3,820 personsSlovakia3,820Cyprus: 3,309 personsCyprus3,309Luxembourg: 1,947 personsLuxembourg1,947Austria: 1,566 personsAustria1,566Malta: 662 personsMalta662Czechia: -131 personsCzechia-131Slovenia: -1,260 personsSlovenia-1,260Estonia: -1,302 personsEstonia-1,302Finland: -8,336 personsFinland-8,336Latvia: -8,933 personsLatvia-8,933Lithuania: -13,308 personsLithuania-13,308Croatia: -15,659 personsCroatia-15,659Portugal: -25,264 personsPortugal-25,264Poland: -34,755 personsPoland-34,755Hungary: -36,792 personsHungary-36,792Greece: -41,202 personsGreece-41,202Bulgaria: -46,545 personsBulgaria-46,545Spain: -57,355 personsSpain-57,355Romania: -60,169 personsRomania-60,169Germany: -161,430 personsGermany-161,430Italy: -214,333 personsItaly-214,333
persons. Source: Eurostat, Population change, natural change of population (demo_gind). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2019
persons		Change on 2018
1France140,620-5.9%
2Ireland28,330-5.2%
3Sweden25,757+8.9%
4Netherlands17,795+17.4%
5Belgium8,912+16.9%
6Denmark7,209+15.5%
7Slovakia3,820+14.2%
8Cyprus3,309-7.1%
9Luxembourg1,947-0.5%
10Austria1,566+0.4%
11Malta662-12.4%
12Czechia-131-111.7%
13Slovenia-1,260-40%
14Estonia-1,302+5.9%
15Finland-8,336-19.9%
16Latvia-8,933+6%
17Lithuania-13,308-4.1%
18Croatia-15,659+0.6%
19Portugal-25,264+2.9%
20Poland Series break-34,755-33.6%
21Hungary-36,792+2.6%
22Greece-41,202-21.7%
23Bulgaria-46,545-0.5%
24Spain-57,355-5.6%
25Romania-60,169+1.6%
26Germany-161,430+3.5%
27Italy-214,333-10.8%

Other periods

About this ranking

Live births minus deaths during the year. A negative value means more deaths than births (Eurostat).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Population change, natural change of population (demo_gind). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_gind/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Population change, natural change of population (demo_gind) (EU countries by natural population change, 2019) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_gind/default/table

MLA 9

Population change, natural change of population (demo_gind), EU countries by natural population change, 2019. Eurostat, European Commission, 30 Sept. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_gind/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-population-change/eu-countries?period=2019. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Population change, natural change of population (demo_gind). EU countries by natural population change, 2019. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_gind/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-population-change/eu-countries?period=2019.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Population change, natural change of population (demo_gind), EU countries by natural population change, 2019 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_gind/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-population-change/eu-countries?period=2019 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_eu_countries_by_natural_2019,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Population change, natural change of population (demo\_gind): EU countries by natural population change, 2019}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_gind/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-population-change/eu-countries?period=2019. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, natural change of population (demo\_gind). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo\_gind/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Population change, natural change of population (demo_gind): EU countries by natural population change, 2019
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/30
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_gind/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-population-change/eu-countries?period=2019
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-population-change/eu-countries?period=2019.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, natural change of population (demo_gind). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_gind/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest natural population change?

France, with 140,620 in 2019, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which EU country has the lowest natural population change?

Italy, with -214,333 in 2019.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, natural change of population (demo_gind). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Natural population change: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings