Data / Rankings / Foreign direct investment, net inflows / EU countries

EU countries by foreign direct investment, net inflows

Cyprus had the highest foreign direct investment, net inflows of 27 EU countries in 2019, at 431.79% of GDP. The Netherlands had the lowest, at -13.69% of GDP. The median was 3.24% of GDP. Source: the World Bank.

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Highest431.79Cyprus
Lowest-13.69Netherlands
Median3.2427 EU countries

Map of EU countries, 2019

Austria: -2.85 % of GDPBelgium: -1.97 % of GDPBulgaria: 3.24 % of GDPCyprus: 431.79 % of GDPCzechia: 4.19 % of GDPGermany: 1.91 % of GDPDenmark: -1.1 % of GDPEstonia: 9.77 % of GDPSpain: 2.16 % of GDPFinland: 6.1 % of GDPFrance: 1.96 % of GDPGreece: 2.41 % of GDPCroatia: 6.47 % of GDPHungary: 59.58 % of GDPIreland: 7.67 % of GDPItaly: 1.77 % of GDPLithuania: 6.23 % of GDPLuxembourg: 234.31 % of GDPLatvia: 3.37 % of GDPMalta: 198.2 % of GDPNetherlands: -13.69 % of GDPPoland: 3.15 % of GDPPortugal: 4.5 % of GDPRomania: 2.95 % of GDPSweden: 2.96 % of GDPSlovenia: 3.99 % of GDPSlovakia: 2.15 % of GDP
  • Under -3
  • -3 to -2
  • -2 to 0
  • 0 to 3
  • 3 to 6
  • 6 and over
% of GDP, 2019. Red areas are below zero and blue areas above it. Source: World Bank, Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2019

Cyprus: 431.79 % of GDPCyprus431.79Luxembourg: 234.31 % of GDPLuxembourg234.31Malta: 198.2 % of GDPMalta198.2Hungary: 59.58 % of GDPHungary59.58Estonia: 9.77 % of GDPEstonia9.77Ireland: 7.67 % of GDPIreland7.67Croatia: 6.47 % of GDPCroatia6.47Lithuania: 6.23 % of GDPLithuania6.23Finland: 6.1 % of GDPFinland6.1Portugal: 4.5 % of GDPPortugal4.5Czechia: 4.19 % of GDPCzechia4.19Slovenia: 3.99 % of GDPSlovenia3.99Latvia: 3.37 % of GDPLatvia3.37Bulgaria: 3.24 % of GDPBulgaria3.24Poland: 3.15 % of GDPPoland3.15Sweden: 2.96 % of GDPSweden2.96Romania: 2.95 % of GDPRomania2.95Greece: 2.41 % of GDPGreece2.41Spain: 2.16 % of GDPSpain2.16Slovakia: 2.15 % of GDPSlovakia2.15France: 1.96 % of GDPFrance1.96Germany: 1.91 % of GDPGermany1.91Italy: 1.77 % of GDPItaly1.77Denmark: -1.1 % of GDPDenmark-1.1Belgium: -1.97 % of GDPBelgium-1.97Austria: -2.85 % of GDPAustria-2.85Netherlands: -13.69 % of GDPNetherlands-13.69Cyprus: 431.79 % of GDPCyprus431.79Luxembourg: 234.31 % of GDPLuxembourg234.31Malta: 198.2 % of GDPMalta198.2Hungary: 59.58 % of GDPHungary59.58Estonia: 9.77 % of GDPEstonia9.77Ireland: 7.67 % of GDPIreland7.67Croatia: 6.47 % of GDPCroatia6.47Lithuania: 6.23 % of GDPLithuania6.23Finland: 6.1 % of GDPFinland6.1Portugal: 4.5 % of GDPPortugal4.5Czechia: 4.19 % of GDPCzechia4.19Slovenia: 3.99 % of GDPSlovenia3.99Latvia: 3.37 % of GDPLatvia3.37Bulgaria: 3.24 % of GDPBulgaria3.24Poland: 3.15 % of GDPPoland3.15Sweden: 2.96 % of GDPSweden2.96Romania: 2.95 % of GDPRomania2.95Greece: 2.41 % of GDPGreece2.41Spain: 2.16 % of GDPSpain2.16Slovakia: 2.15 % of GDPSlovakia2.15France: 1.96 % of GDPFrance1.96Germany: 1.91 % of GDPGermany1.91Italy: 1.77 % of GDPItaly1.77Denmark: -1.1 % of GDPDenmark-1.1Belgium: -1.97 % of GDPBelgium-1.97Austria: -2.85 % of GDPAustria-2.85Netherlands: -13.69 % of GDPNetherlands-13.69
% of GDP. Source: World Bank, Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2019
% of GDP		Change on 2018
1Cyprus431.79+124.7 pts
2Luxembourg234.31+351.54 pts
3Malta198.2-254.02 pts
4Hungary59.58+99.69 pts
5Estonia9.77+5.69 pts
6Ireland7.67-12.69 pts
7Croatia6.47+3.8 pts
8Lithuania6.23+3.83 pts
9Finland6.1+9.94 pts
10Portugal4.5+1.04 pts
11Czechia4.19+0.88 pts
12Slovenia3.99+1.13 pts
13Latvia3.37+2.05 pts
14Bulgaria3.24+0.5 pts
15Poland3.15-0.19 pts
16Sweden2.96+3.09 pts
17Romania2.95-0.09 pts
18Greece2.41+0.52 pts
19Spain2.16-2.31 pts
20Slovakia2.15+0.04 pts
21France1.96-0.82 pts
22Germany1.91-2.1 pts
23Italy1.77-0.34 pts
24Denmark-1.1-3.57 pts
25Belgium-1.97+5.69 pts
26Austria-2.85+3.3 pts
27Netherlands-13.69+22.71 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Net foreign investment inflows to acquire a lasting management interest of at least 10% of voting stock, as a percentage of GDP. Includes equity, reinvested earnings and other capital recorded in the balance of payments.

Net inflows subtract disinvestment from new investment. Negative values indicate net disinvestment; zero is a valid net balance. Flows can exceed GDP, particularly in financial centers. The latest year varies by country.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-12. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

World Bank. (2026). Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS) (EU countries by foreign direct investment, net inflows, 2019) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS

MLA 9

Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS), EU countries by foreign direct investment, net inflows, 2019. World Bank, 8 Oct. 2026, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/fdi-net-inflows-gdp/eu-countries?period=2019. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

World Bank. 2026. Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS). EU countries by foreign direct investment, net inflows, 2019. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/fdi-net-inflows-gdp/eu-countries?period=2019.

Harvard

World Bank (2026) Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS), EU countries by foreign direct investment, net inflows, 2019 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/fdi-net-inflows-gdp/eu-countries?period=2019 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{world_eu_countries_by_foreign_2019,
  author = {{World Bank}},
  title = {{Foreign direct investment, net inflows (\% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS): EU countries by foreign direct investment, net inflows, 2019}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/fdi-net-inflows-gdp/eu-countries?period=2019. Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Foreign direct investment, net inflows (\% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-12. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - World Bank
TI  - Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS): EU countries by foreign direct investment, net inflows, 2019
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - World Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/fdi-net-inflows-gdp/eu-countries?period=2019
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/fdi-net-inflows-gdp/eu-countries?period=2019.
N1  - Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-12. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest foreign direct investment, net inflows?

Cyprus, with 431.79% of GDP in 2019, according to the World Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest foreign direct investment, net inflows?

The Netherlands, with -13.69% of GDP in 2019.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) (BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Foreign direct investment, net inflows: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings