EU countries by household debt to income ratio, 2024

The Netherlands had the highest household debt to income ratio of 26 EU countries in 2024, at 180.5%. Romania had the lowest, at 20.2%. The median was 68.4%. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest180.5Netherlands

Lowest20.2Romania

Median68.426 EU countries

Map of EU countries, 2024

Under 40
40 to 66
66 to 75
75 to 95
95 and over
No data

%, 2024. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: Eurostat, Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa_10_ki). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2024

%. Source: Eurostat, Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa_10_ki). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

Rank	EU countries	2024 (%)	Change on 2023
1	Netherlands	180.5	-2.7 pts
2	Denmark	167.6	-0.3 pts
3	Luxembourg	164.6	-4.4 pts
4	Sweden	148.3	-7.2 pts
5	Finland	109	-3.4 pts
6	Belgium Provisional	94.8	-0 pts
7	Cyprus Provisional	94.7	-6.6 pts
8	France Provisional	90.9	-4.3 pts
9	Malta Provisional	83.9	-5.9 pts
10	Portugal Provisional	75.6	-4.4 pts
11	Germany Provisional	75.3	-2.5 pts
12	Ireland	75.1	-7.2 pts
13	Spain	68.8	-4.6 pts
14	Austria	67.9	-5.6 pts
15	Slovakia	67.5	-1.7 pts
16	Estonia	66.1	+0.1 pts
17	Greece Provisional	58.2	-2.4 pts
18	Italy	55.4	-1.5 pts
19	Czechia	52.4	+0.8 pts
20	Croatia Provisional	48	-0.2 pts
21	Slovenia	40.4	+0.8 pts
22	Lithuania	36.7	+1.2 pts
23	Poland	36.4	-2.6 pts
24	Latvia	31.3	+0.4 pts
25	Hungary	26.8	-0.4 pts
26	Romania Provisional	20.2	-1 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Outstanding loans of households at the end of the year as a percentage of their gross disposable income adjusted for the change in pension entitlements.

Counts loans only (mortgages and consumer and other loans), not other liabilities. Not comparable with national credit market debt ratios such as Canada's, which use other definitions. From the annual sector accounts (ESA 2010). Households include non-profit institutions serving households. The latest years are often provisional and are revised with later transmissions.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. 1 EU countries with data in other periods have no value for 2024 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa_10_ki). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nasa_10_ki/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa_10_ki) (EU countries by household debt to income ratio, 2024) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nasa_10_ki/default/table

MLA 9

Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa_10_ki), EU countries by household debt to income ratio, 2024. Eurostat, European Commission, 14 Oct. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nasa_10_ki/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/household-debt-to-income-ratio/eu-countries. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa_10_ki). EU countries by household debt to income ratio, 2024. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nasa_10_ki/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/household-debt-to-income-ratio/eu-countries.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa_10_ki), EU countries by household debt to income ratio, 2024 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nasa_10_ki/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/household-debt-to-income-ratio/eu-countries (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{eurostat_eu_countries_by_household_2024,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa\_10\_ki): EU countries by household debt to income ratio, 2024}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nasa_10_ki/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/household-debt-to-income-ratio/eu-countries. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa\_10\_ki). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nasa\_10\_ki/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa_10_ki): EU countries by household debt to income ratio, 2024
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/14
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nasa_10_ki/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/household-debt-to-income-ratio/eu-countries
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/household-debt-to-income-ratio/eu-countries.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa_10_ki). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nasa_10_ki/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.
ER  -

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Rank EU countries by household debt to income ratio using official data, and cite the source.

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Questions

Which EU country has the highest household debt to income ratio?

The Netherlands, with 180.5% in 2024, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which EU country has the lowest household debt to income ratio?

Romania, with 20.2% in 2024.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Key indicators for sector accounts, gross debt-to-income ratio of households and NPISH (nasa_10_ki). Retrieved 2026-10-18. 1 EU countries have no value for 2024 and are not ranked.