Data / Belgium / Profile

Belgium in figures

A profile of Belgium from official statistics: 46 figures in 9 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Belgium was 11.88 million in 2025, up 0.6% from 2024, and the 8th highest of 27 EU countries.

Population11.88 million2025Up 0.6% from 2024The 8th highest of 27 EU countries
Population growth rate0.85%2023Up 0.04 percentage points from 2022The 12th highest of 27 EU countries
Median age42.1 years2025Up 0.1 years from 2024Tied for the 6th lowest of 27 EU countries
Population aged 65 and over20.2%2025Up 0.3 percentage points from 2024
Foreign-born population share20.2%2025Up 0.5 percentage points from 2024
Population density389.1 inhabitants per km²2024Up 0.6% from 2023
10M10.5M11M11.5M12M20012005200920132017202120252001: 10,263,414 persons2002: 10,309,725 persons2003: 10,355,844 persons2004: 10,396,421 persons2005: 10,445,852 persons2006: 10,511,382 persons2007: 10,584,534 persons2008: 10,666,866 persons2009: 10,753,080 persons2010: 10,839,905 persons2011: 11,000,638 persons2012: 11,075,889 persons2013: 11,137,974 persons2014: 11,180,840 persons2015: 11,237,274 persons2016: 11,311,117 persons2017: 11,351,727 persons2018: 11,398,589 persons2019: 11,455,519 persons2020: 11,522,440 persons2021: 11,554,767 persons2022: 11,617,623 persons2023: 11,742,796 persons2024: 11,817,096 persons2025: 11,883,495 persons
Population, 2001 to 2025. persons. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3); World Bank, Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW); Eurostat, European Commission, Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3); Invokely, Foreign-born population share (Eurostat migr_pop4ctb); Eurostat, European Commission, Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Belgium was 6.2% in 2025, up 0.5 percentage points from 2024, and the 11th highest of 27 EU countries.

Unemployment rate6.2%2025Up 0.5 percentage points from 2024The 11th highest of 27 EU countries
Household disposable income per inhabitant€28,5002024, provisionalUp 2.5% from 2023The 5th highest of 27 EU countries in 2023
Average full-time adjusted annual salary€59,6322024Up 3.2% from 2023The 4th highest of 26 EU countries
Employment rate72.8%2025Up 0.5 percentage points from 2024
At-risk-of-poverty rate10.9%2025Down 0.5 percentage points from 2024
Activity rate71.9%2025Up 1.1 percentage points from 2024
567892009201220152018202120252009: 8 %2010: 8.4 %2011: 7.2 %2012: 7.6 %2013: 8.6 %2014: 8.7 %2015: 8.7 %2016: 7.9 %2017: 7.2 %2018: 6 %2019: 5.5 %2020: 5.8 %2021: 6.3 %2022: 5.6 %2023: 5.5 %2024: 5.7 %2025: 6.2 %
Unemployment rate, 2009 to 2025. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Unemployment by sex and age, annual data (une_rt_a).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Unemployment by sex and age, annual data (une_rt_a); Eurostat, European Commission, Income of households by NUTS 2 region, net disposable income, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_2hhinc); Eurostat, European Commission, Average full time adjusted salary per employee, euro (nama_10_fte); Eurostat, European Commission, Employment and activity by sex and age, annual data, employment rate 20 to 64 (lfsi_emp_a); Eurostat, European Commission, At-risk-of-poverty rate (ilc_li02); Eurostat, European Commission, Employment and activity by sex and age, annual data, activity rate 15 to 64 (lfsi_emp_a). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (US dollars) in Belgium was $725.47 billion in 2025, up 8.1% from 2024, and the 7th highest of 27 EU countries.

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars$725.47 billion2025Up 8.1% from 2024The 7th highest of 27 EU countries
GDP per capita, US dollars$60,7502025Up 7.4% from 2024The 7th highest of 27 EU countries
Real GDP growth1%2025, provisionalDown 0.1 percentage points from 2024The 9th lowest of 27 EU countries
GDP per capita, PPP (international dollars)74,676 international $2025Up 0.6% from 2024
General government gross debt, national accounts108.6% of GDP2025Up 3.8 percentage points from 2024
Trade as a share of GDP152.9%2025Down 6.1 percentage points from 2024
200K300K400K500K600K700K800K20012005200920132017202120252001: 236,746.1 USD million2002: 258,383.6 USD million2003: 318,082.5 USD million2004: 369,214.7 USD million2005: 385,714.8 USD million2006: 408,259.8 USD million2007: 470,922.2 USD million2008: 517,328.1 USD million2009: 485,014.5 USD million2010: 481,556.5 USD million2011: 527,196.6 USD million2012: 498,414.4 USD million2013: 524,097 USD million2014: 537,987.4 USD million2015: 461,044.8 USD million2016: 474,271.6 USD million2017: 500,908.8 USD million2018: 542,638.9 USD million2019: 536,726.3 USD million2020: 529,694.5 USD million2021: 598,522.4 USD million2022: 591,474.5 USD million2023: 650,779.4 USD million2024: 670,983.1 USD million2025: 725,466.5 USD million
Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars, 2001 to 2025. USD million. Source: World Bank, GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD).

Sources: World Bank, GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD); World Bank, GDP per capita, current US$ (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP and main components, chain-linked volumes, percentage change (nama_10_gdp); World Bank, GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4); World Bank, Trade, % of GDP (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). Economy statistics and rankings

Prices and housing

HICP inflation rate in Belgium was 4.6% (estimated) in September 2026, up 1.9 percentage points from September 2025, and the 6th highest of 27 EU countries in August 2026.

HICP inflation (annual rate)4.6%September 2026, estimatedUp 1.9 percentage points from September 2025The 6th highest of 27 EU countries in August 2026
House prices, annual change2.1%Q2 2026, provisionalDown 0.8 percentage points from Q2 2025The 5th lowest of 26 EU countries
Population living in owner-occupied homes70.9%2025Up 0.6 percentage points from 2024Tied for the 11th lowest of 27 EU countries
-50510152021-092022-062023-032023-122024-092025-062026-092021-09: 3.8 %2021-10: 5.4 %2021-11: 7.1 %2021-12: 6.6 %2022-01: 8.5 %2022-02: 9.5 %2022-03: 9.3 %2022-04: 9.3 %2022-05: 9.9 %2022-06: 10.5 %2022-07: 10.4 %2022-08: 10.5 %2022-09: 12.1 %2022-10: 13.1 %2022-11: 10.5 %2022-12: 10.2 %2023-01: 7.4 %2023-02: 5.4 %2023-03: 4.9 %2023-04: 3.3 %2023-05: 2.7 %2023-06: 1.6 %2023-07: 1.7 %2023-08: 2.4 %2023-09: 0.7 %2023-10: -1.7 %2023-11: -0.8 %2023-12: 0.5 %2024-01: 1.5 %2024-02: 3.6 %2024-03: 3.8 %2024-04: 4.9 %2024-05: 4.9 %2024-06: 5.4 %2024-07: 5.4 %2024-08: 4.3 %2024-09: 4.3 %2024-10: 4.5 %2024-11: 4.8 %2024-12: 4.4 %2025-01: 4.4 %2025-02: 4.4 %2025-03: 3.6 %2025-04: 3.1 %2025-05: 2.8 %2025-06: 2.9 %2025-07: 2.6 %2025-08: 2.6 %2025-09: 2.7 %2025-10: 2.5 %2025-11: 2.6 %2025-12: 2.2 %2026-01: 1.4 %2026-02: 1.4 %2026-03: 2.2 %2026-04: 4.2 %2026-05: 4 %2026-06: 3.3 %2026-07: 3.6 %2026-08: 4.2 %2026-09: 4.6 %
HICP inflation (annual rate), September 2021 to September 2026. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, HICP, monthly data, annual rate of change (prc_hicp_minr).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, HICP, monthly data, annual rate of change (prc_hicp_minr); Eurostat, European Commission, House price index, quarterly, annual rate of change (prc_hpi_q); Eurostat, European Commission, Distribution of population by tenure status, owner, all households and incomes (ilc_lvho02). Housing statistics and rankings

Consumers

Consumer confidence indicator in Belgium was -18.2 balance, percentage points in September 2026, down 8.6 percentage points from September 2025, and the 10th lowest of 25 EU countries.

Consumer confidence indicator-18.2 balance, percentage pointsSeptember 2026Down 8.6 percentage points from September 2025The 10th lowest of 25 EU countries
Price level index for household consumption (EU27 = 100)116.22025Down 0.5 points from 2024The 6th highest of 27 EU countries
Severe material and social deprivation rate4.9%2025Down 1.3 percentage points from 2024The 12th highest of 27 EU countries
People who bought online in the last 12 months78.5%2025Up 2.5 percentage points from 2024
People unable to face unexpected expenses22.1%2025Up 0.5 percentage points from 2024
-30-20-1002021-092022-062023-032023-122024-092025-062026-092021-09: -1.2 balance, percentage points2021-10: -5.7 balance, percentage points2021-11: -8.2 balance, percentage points2021-12: -9.7 balance, percentage points2022-01: -10 balance, percentage points2022-02: -10 balance, percentage points2022-03: -21.7 balance, percentage points2022-04: -18.4 balance, percentage points2022-05: -18.9 balance, percentage points2022-06: -19 balance, percentage points2022-07: -20.4 balance, percentage points2022-08: -19.6 balance, percentage points2022-09: -28.1 balance, percentage points2022-10: -26.6 balance, percentage points2022-11: -22.2 balance, percentage points2022-12: -18.6 balance, percentage points2023-01: -16 balance, percentage points2023-02: -13.2 balance, percentage points2023-03: -13.9 balance, percentage points2023-04: -11.9 balance, percentage points2023-05: -14.4 balance, percentage points2023-06: -13.9 balance, percentage points2023-07: -11.3 balance, percentage points2023-08: -11.8 balance, percentage points2023-09: -12.3 balance, percentage points2023-10: -12.5 balance, percentage points2023-11: -9.8 balance, percentage points2023-12: -7.1 balance, percentage points2024-01: -11.2 balance, percentage points2024-02: -12 balance, percentage points2024-03: -11 balance, percentage points2024-04: -10.2 balance, percentage points2024-05: -11 balance, percentage points2024-06: -8.2 balance, percentage points2024-07: -10 balance, percentage points2024-08: -8.3 balance, percentage points2024-09: -9.7 balance, percentage points2024-10: -8.2 balance, percentage points2024-11: -11.2 balance, percentage points2024-12: -12.2 balance, percentage points2025-01: -13.7 balance, percentage points2025-02: -12.5 balance, percentage points2025-03: -15.8 balance, percentage points2025-04: -19.1 balance, percentage points2025-05: -14.2 balance, percentage points2025-06: -12.8 balance, percentage points2025-07: -12.1 balance, percentage points2025-08: -12.8 balance, percentage points2025-09: -9.6 balance, percentage points2025-10: -13 balance, percentage points2025-11: -11.3 balance, percentage points2025-12: -13.9 balance, percentage points2026-01: -14 balance, percentage points2026-02: -14.1 balance, percentage points2026-03: -18.3 balance, percentage points2026-04: -19.8 balance, percentage points2026-05: -20 balance, percentage points2026-06: -16.8 balance, percentage points2026-07: -15.9 balance, percentage points2026-08: -16.3 balance, percentage points2026-09: -18.2 balance, percentage points
Consumer confidence indicator, September 2021 to September 2026. balance, percentage points. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, European Commission (DG ECFIN) business and consumer surveys: consumer confidence indicator, balance in percentage points, seasonally adjusted (ei_bsco_m, BS-CSMCI).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, European Commission (DG ECFIN) business and consumer surveys: consumer confidence indicator, balance in percentage points, seasonally adjusted (ei_bsco_m, BS-CSMCI); Eurostat, European Commission, Purchasing power parities, price level indices (EU27_2020 = 100), household final consumption expenditure (prc_ppp_ind_1, COICOP 2018 E011); Eurostat, European Commission, Severe material and social deprivation rate, total population (ilc_mdsd11); Eurostat, European Commission, Internet purchases by individuals, last online purchase in the 12 months, all individuals (isoc_ec_ib20); Eurostat, European Commission, Inability to face unexpected financial expenses, total population, all household types and incomes (ilc_mdes04). Economy statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Active enterprises in Belgium were 931,405 in 2024, up 2.9% from 2023, and the 11th highest of 27 EU countries.

Active enterprises931,4052024Up 2.9% from 2023The 11th highest of 27 EU countries
Enterprise births74,5292024Down less than 0.1% from 2023The 13th highest of 27 EU countries
Enterprise birth rate8%2024Down 0.23 percentage points from 2023The 5th lowest of 27 EU countries
Enterprise death rate5.67%2024, provisionalUp 1.06 percentage points from 2023
Nights spent in tourist accommodation46.14 million2025Up 2.9% from 2024
Nights spent in tourist accommodation by non-residents (foreign guests)23.36 million2025Up 4.9% from 2024
840K860K880K900K920K940K20212022202320242021: 843,146 count2022: 888,925 count2023: 905,376 count2024: 931,405 count
Active enterprises, 2021 to 2024. count. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NACE Rev. 2 activity, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NACE Rev. 2 activity, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NACE Rev. 2 activity, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NACE Rev. 2 activity, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, birth rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NACE Rev. 2 activity, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, death rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size); Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2); Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 3 region, non-residents (foreign country of residence), hotels, holiday accommodation and campsites (tour_occ_nin2). Companies statistics and rankings

Health

Life expectancy in Belgium was 82.4 years in 2024, up 0.1 years from 2023, and the 10th highest of 27 EU countries.

Life expectancy at birth82.4 years2024Up 0.1 years from 2023The 10th highest of 27 EU countries
Infant mortality rate3.5 per 1,000 live births2024Up 0.4 per 1,000 live births from 2023The 11th highest of 27 EU countries
Adult obesity rate, age-standardized20.8%2024Up 0.3 percentage points from 2023The 14th highest of 27 EU countries
Tobacco use, age-standardized24%2022No 2021 figure to compare
Age-standardised death rate, all causes881.8 per 100,000 people2023Down 56.6 per 100,000 people from 2022
Health spending, share of GDP11.2% of GDP2025, estimatedUp 0.1 percentage points from 2024
7778798081828320002004200820122016202020242000: 77.9 years2001: 78.1 years2002: 78.2 years2003: 78.3 years2004: 79 years2005: 79.1 years2006: 79.5 years2007: 79.9 years2008: 79.8 years2009: 80.2 years2010: 80.3 years2011: 80.7 years2012: 80.5 years2013: 80.7 years2014: 81.1 years2015: 80.9 years2016: 81.3 years2017: 81.4 years2018: 81.5 years2019: 81.8 years2020: 80.8 years2021: 81.7 years2022: 81.7 years2023: 82.3 years2024: 82.4 years
Life expectancy at birth, 2000 to 2024. years. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Life expectancy by age and sex (demo_mlexpec).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Life expectancy by age and sex (demo_mlexpec); Eurostat, European Commission, Infant mortality rates (demo_minfind); World Health Organization, Age-standardized prevalence of obesity among adults (18+ years), both sexes (NCD_BMI_30A); World Health Organization, Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use among persons 15 years and older (%), both sexes (M_Est_tob_curr_std); Eurostat, European Commission, Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD Health expenditure and financing: current expenditure on health, all financing schemes, share of GDP (DSD_SHA@DF_SHA). Health statistics and rankings

Digital

Share of people using the internet in Belgium was 96.5% in 2025, up 0.7 percentage points from 2024, and the 7th highest of 27 EU countries.

Internet use in the last 3 months96.5%2025Up 0.7 percentage points from 2024The 7th highest of 27 EU countries
People using generative AI42%2025No 2024 figure to compareTied for the 10th highest of 27 EU countries
Enterprises buying cloud computing services61.6%2025No 2024 figure to compareThe 8th highest of 27 EU countries
ICT specialists in employment5.9%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024
E-commerce share of enterprise turnover29.51%2025Up 0.74 percentage points from 2024
506070809010020052008201120142017202020252005: 57.6 %2006: 62 %2007: 66.8 %2008: 68.9 %2009: 74.5 %2010: 77.6 %2011: 81.6 %2012: 80.7 %2013: 82.2 %2014: 85 %2015: 85.1 %2016: 86.5 %2017: 87.7 %2018: 88.7 %2019: 90.3 %2020: 91.5 %2021: 92.8 %2022: 94 %2023: 94.6 %2024: 95.8 %2025: 96.5 %
Internet use in the last 3 months, 2005 to 2025. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals, internet use in the last 3 months (isoc_ci_ifp_iu).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals, internet use in the last 3 months (isoc_ci_ifp_iu); Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals, use of generative AI tools in the last 3 months (isoc_ai_iaiu); Eurostat, European Commission, Cloud computing services by size class of enterprise, enterprises buying cloud services (isoc_cicce_use); Eurostat, European Commission, Employed ICT specialists, percentage of total employment (isoc_sks_itspt); Eurostat, European Commission, E-commerce sales as a percentage of total enterprise turnover, survey year (isoc_ec_evaln2). AI and digital economy statistics and rankings

Energy and environment

Greenhouse gas emissions per person in Belgium were 8.29 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person in 2024, down 0.4% from 2023, and the 6th highest of 27 EU countries.

Greenhouse gas emissions per person8.29 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2024Down 0.4% from 2023The 6th highest of 27 EU countries
Renewable energy share of energy consumption14.9%2025, provisionalUp 0.6 percentage points from 2024The lowest of 27 EU countries
Municipal waste recycling rate56.2%2024, provisionalUp 0.4 percentage points from 2023The 6th highest of 27 EU countries in 2023
81012141620002004200820122016202020242000: 14.48 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2001: 14.29 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2002: 14.23 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2003: 14.19 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2004: 14.22 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2005: 13.85 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2006: 13.52 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2007: 13.08 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2008: 12.97 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2009: 11.7 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2010: 12.27 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2011: 11.14 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2012: 10.82 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2013: 10.76 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2014: 10.21 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2015: 10.54 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2016: 10.34 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2017: 10.25 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2018: 10.28 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2019: 10.13 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2020: 9.26 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2021: 9.47 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2022: 8.83 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2023: 8.33 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2024: 8.29 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person
Greenhouse gas emissions per person, 2000 to 2024. tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person. Source: Invokely, Greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (EEA via Eurostat env_air_gge) divided by population on 1 January (Eurostat demo_r_pjanaggr3).

Sources: Invokely, Greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (EEA via Eurostat env_air_gge) divided by population on 1 January (Eurostat demo_r_pjanaggr3); Eurostat, European Commission, Renewable energy share, overall (nrg_ind_ren); Eurostat, European Commission, Recycling rate of municipal waste (cei_wm011). Environment and emissions statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

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  26. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NACE Rev. 2 activity, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
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  30. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  31. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 3 region, non-residents (foreign country of residence), hotels, holiday accommodation and campsites (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  32. Eurostat. Life expectancy by age and sex (demo_mlexpec). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_mlexpec/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  33. Eurostat. Infant mortality rates (demo_minfind). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_minfind/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
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  35. World Health Organization, data.who.int. Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use among persons 15 years and older (%), both sexes (M_Est_tob_curr_std) [Indicator]. https://data.who.int/indicators/i/847662C/75DDA77 (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. No changes made to source values. WHO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.
  36. Eurostat. Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/hlth_cd_asdr2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
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All statistics for Belgium