Data / Rankings / Gross capital formation, share of GDP / EU countries

EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP

Ireland had the highest gross capital formation, share of GDP of 27 EU countries in 2017, at 34% of GDP. Greece had the lowest, at 11.9% of GDP. The median was 20.8% of GDP. Source: the World Bank.

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Highest34Ireland
Lowest11.9Greece
Median20.827 EU countries

Map of EU countries, 2017

Austria: 25 % of GDPBelgium: 24.3 % of GDPBulgaria: 19.8 % of GDPCyprus: 20.4 % of GDPCzechia: 25.1 % of GDPGermany: 20.7 % of GDPDenmark: 22 % of GDPEstonia: 25.9 % of GDPSpain: 19.6 % of GDPFinland: 24.3 % of GDPFrance: 22.2 % of GDPGreece: 11.9 % of GDPCroatia: 20.8 % of GDPHungary: 23.3 % of GDPIreland: 34 % of GDPItaly: 18.2 % of GDPLithuania: 20.5 % of GDPLuxembourg: 18.9 % of GDPLatvia: 22.7 % of GDPMalta: 19.2 % of GDPNetherlands: 20.2 % of GDPPoland: 19.9 % of GDPPortugal: 17.4 % of GDPRomania: 24 % of GDPSweden: 25.1 % of GDPSlovenia: 20.3 % of GDPSlovakia: 23.6 % of GDP
  • Under 20
  • 20 to 22
  • 22 to 24
  • 24 and over
% of GDP, 2017. Source: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2017

Ireland: 34 % of GDPIreland34Estonia: 25.9 % of GDPEstonia25.9Sweden: 25.1 % of GDPSweden25.1Czechia: 25.1 % of GDPCzechia25.1Austria: 25 % of GDPAustria25Belgium: 24.3 % of GDPBelgium24.3Finland: 24.3 % of GDPFinland24.3Romania: 24 % of GDPRomania24Slovakia: 23.6 % of GDPSlovakia23.6Hungary: 23.3 % of GDPHungary23.3Latvia: 22.7 % of GDPLatvia22.7France: 22.2 % of GDPFrance22.2Denmark: 22 % of GDPDenmark22Croatia: 20.8 % of GDPCroatia20.8Germany: 20.7 % of GDPGermany20.7Lithuania: 20.5 % of GDPLithuania20.5Cyprus: 20.4 % of GDPCyprus20.4Slovenia: 20.3 % of GDPSlovenia20.3Netherlands: 20.2 % of GDPNetherlands20.2Poland: 19.9 % of GDPPoland19.9Bulgaria: 19.8 % of GDPBulgaria19.8Spain: 19.6 % of GDPSpain19.6Malta: 19.2 % of GDPMalta19.2Luxembourg: 18.9 % of GDPLuxembourg18.9Italy: 18.2 % of GDPItaly18.2Portugal: 17.4 % of GDPPortugal17.4Greece: 11.9 % of GDPGreece11.9Ireland: 34 % of GDPIreland34Estonia: 25.9 % of GDPEstonia25.9Sweden: 25.1 % of GDPSweden25.1Czechia: 25.1 % of GDPCzechia25.1Austria: 25 % of GDPAustria25Belgium: 24.3 % of GDPBelgium24.3Finland: 24.3 % of GDPFinland24.3Romania: 24 % of GDPRomania24Slovakia: 23.6 % of GDPSlovakia23.6Hungary: 23.3 % of GDPHungary23.3Latvia: 22.7 % of GDPLatvia22.7France: 22.2 % of GDPFrance22.2Denmark: 22 % of GDPDenmark22Croatia: 20.8 % of GDPCroatia20.8Germany: 20.7 % of GDPGermany20.7Lithuania: 20.5 % of GDPLithuania20.5Cyprus: 20.4 % of GDPCyprus20.4Slovenia: 20.3 % of GDPSlovenia20.3Netherlands: 20.2 % of GDPNetherlands20.2Poland: 19.9 % of GDPPoland19.9Bulgaria: 19.8 % of GDPBulgaria19.8Spain: 19.6 % of GDPSpain19.6Malta: 19.2 % of GDPMalta19.2Luxembourg: 18.9 % of GDPLuxembourg18.9Italy: 18.2 % of GDPItaly18.2Portugal: 17.4 % of GDPPortugal17.4Greece: 11.9 % of GDPGreece11.9
% of GDP. Source: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2017
% of GDP		Change on 2016
1Ireland34-1.6 pts
2Estonia25.9+1.2 pts
3Sweden25.1+0.7 pts
4Czechia25.10 pts
5Austria25+0.5 pts
6Belgium24.3+0.2 pts
7Finland24.3+0.7 pts
8Romania24+0.3 pts
9Slovakia23.6-1 pts
10Hungary23.3+1.2 pts
11Latvia22.7+1 pts
12France22.2+0.6 pts
13Denmark22+0.3 pts
14Croatia20.8+0.9 pts
15Germany20.7+1 pts
16Lithuania20.5+0.2 pts
17Cyprus20.4+3.3 pts
18Slovenia20.3+1.4 pts
19Netherlands20.2+0.4 pts
20Poland19.9-0.2 pts
21Bulgaria19.8+0.9 pts
22Spain19.6+0.5 pts
23Malta19.2-2.8 pts
24Luxembourg18.9+1 pts
25Italy18.2+0.5 pts
26Portugal17.4+1.4 pts
27Greece11.9-0.6 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables, as a percentage of GDP. World Bank national accounts data, compiled from national statistical offices and central banks and from OECD national accounts files.

Includes the change in inventories, so it can be negative in a year when stocks are run down. For investment in fixed assets alone see gross_fixed_capital_formation_gdp. Current prices, so the share moves with relative prices as well as volumes. Countries that rebase their national accounts can shift it by several points. The latest year varies by country.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

World Bank. (2026). Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS) (EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2017) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS

MLA 9

Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS), EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2017. World Bank, 8 Oct. 2026, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2017. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

World Bank. 2026. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2017. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2017.

Harvard

World Bank (2026) Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS), EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2017 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2017 (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{world_eu_countries_by_gross_2017,
  author = {{World Bank}},
  title = {{Gross capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS): EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2017}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2017. Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - World Bank
TI  - Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS): EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2017
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - World Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2017
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2017.
N1  - Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest gross capital formation, share of GDP?

Ireland, with 34% of GDP in 2017, according to the World Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest gross capital formation, share of GDP?

Greece, with 11.9% of GDP in 2017.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Gross capital formation, share of GDP: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings