Data / Rankings / Gross capital formation, share of GDP / EU countries

EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP

Estonia had the highest gross capital formation, share of GDP of 27 EU countries in 2014, at 26.7% of GDP. Greece had the lowest, at 12.1% of GDP. The median was 20.8% of GDP. Source: the World Bank.

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Highest26.7Estonia
Lowest12.1Greece
Median20.827 EU countries

Map of EU countries, 2014

Austria: 23.8 % of GDPBelgium: 23.3 % of GDPBulgaria: 21.5 % of GDPCyprus: 13.2 % of GDPCzechia: 25.3 % of GDPGermany: 20.1 % of GDPDenmark: 20.1 % of GDPEstonia: 26.7 % of GDPSpain: 18.1 % of GDPFinland: 22.2 % of GDPFrance: 21.8 % of GDPGreece: 12.1 % of GDPCroatia: 18.1 % of GDPHungary: 24.4 % of GDPIreland: 21.9 % of GDPItaly: 17.1 % of GDPLithuania: 20.3 % of GDPLuxembourg: 19.1 % of GDPLatvia: 24.7 % of GDPMalta: 15.9 % of GDPNetherlands: 17.7 % of GDPPoland: 20.8 % of GDPPortugal: 15.3 % of GDPRomania: 25.2 % of GDPSweden: 22.9 % of GDPSlovenia: 19.7 % of GDPSlovakia: 22.8 % of GDP
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% of GDP, 2014. Source: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2014

Estonia: 26.7 % of GDPEstonia26.7Czechia: 25.3 % of GDPCzechia25.3Romania: 25.2 % of GDPRomania25.2Latvia: 24.7 % of GDPLatvia24.7Hungary: 24.4 % of GDPHungary24.4Austria: 23.8 % of GDPAustria23.8Belgium: 23.3 % of GDPBelgium23.3Sweden: 22.9 % of GDPSweden22.9Slovakia: 22.8 % of GDPSlovakia22.8Finland: 22.2 % of GDPFinland22.2Ireland: 21.9 % of GDPIreland21.9France: 21.8 % of GDPFrance21.8Bulgaria: 21.5 % of GDPBulgaria21.5Poland: 20.8 % of GDPPoland20.8Lithuania: 20.3 % of GDPLithuania20.3Denmark: 20.1 % of GDPDenmark20.1Germany: 20.1 % of GDPGermany20.1Slovenia: 19.7 % of GDPSlovenia19.7Luxembourg: 19.1 % of GDPLuxembourg19.1Spain: 18.1 % of GDPSpain18.1Croatia: 18.1 % of GDPCroatia18.1Netherlands: 17.7 % of GDPNetherlands17.7Italy: 17.1 % of GDPItaly17.1Malta: 15.9 % of GDPMalta15.9Portugal: 15.3 % of GDPPortugal15.3Cyprus: 13.2 % of GDPCyprus13.2Greece: 12.1 % of GDPGreece12.1Estonia: 26.7 % of GDPEstonia26.7Czechia: 25.3 % of GDPCzechia25.3Romania: 25.2 % of GDPRomania25.2Latvia: 24.7 % of GDPLatvia24.7Hungary: 24.4 % of GDPHungary24.4Austria: 23.8 % of GDPAustria23.8Belgium: 23.3 % of GDPBelgium23.3Sweden: 22.9 % of GDPSweden22.9Slovakia: 22.8 % of GDPSlovakia22.8Finland: 22.2 % of GDPFinland22.2Ireland: 21.9 % of GDPIreland21.9France: 21.8 % of GDPFrance21.8Bulgaria: 21.5 % of GDPBulgaria21.5Poland: 20.8 % of GDPPoland20.8Lithuania: 20.3 % of GDPLithuania20.3Denmark: 20.1 % of GDPDenmark20.1Germany: 20.1 % of GDPGermany20.1Slovenia: 19.7 % of GDPSlovenia19.7Luxembourg: 19.1 % of GDPLuxembourg19.1Spain: 18.1 % of GDPSpain18.1Croatia: 18.1 % of GDPCroatia18.1Netherlands: 17.7 % of GDPNetherlands17.7Italy: 17.1 % of GDPItaly17.1Malta: 15.9 % of GDPMalta15.9Portugal: 15.3 % of GDPPortugal15.3Cyprus: 13.2 % of GDPCyprus13.2Greece: 12.1 % of GDPGreece12.1
% of GDP. Source: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2014
% of GDP		Change on 2013
1Estonia26.7-0.1 pts
2Czechia25.3+1 pts
3Romania25.2-0 pts
4Latvia24.7-0.6 pts
5Hungary24.4+2.5 pts
6Austria23.8-0.1 pts
7Belgium23.3+0.5 pts
8Sweden22.9+1 pts
9Slovakia22.8+0.7 pts
10Finland22.2-0.5 pts
11Ireland21.9+3.6 pts
12France21.8+0.3 pts
13Bulgaria21.5+0.5 pts
14Poland20.8+1.7 pts
15Lithuania20.3-0.1 pts
16Denmark20.1+0.8 pts
17Germany20.1+0.4 pts
18Slovenia19.7-0 pts
19Luxembourg19.1+0.9 pts
20Spain18.1+0.7 pts
21Croatia18.1-0.7 pts
22Netherlands17.7-0.7 pts
23Italy17.1+0.1 pts
24Malta15.9-1.2 pts
25Portugal15.3+0.7 pts
26Cyprus13.2+0.6 pts
27Greece12.10 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables, as a percentage of GDP. World Bank national accounts data, compiled from national statistical offices and central banks and from OECD national accounts files.

Includes the change in inventories, so it can be negative in a year when stocks are run down. For investment in fixed assets alone see gross_fixed_capital_formation_gdp. Current prices, so the share moves with relative prices as well as volumes. Countries that rebase their national accounts can shift it by several points. The latest year varies by country.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

World Bank. (2026). Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS) (EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2014) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS

MLA 9

Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS), EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2014. World Bank, 8 Oct. 2026, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

World Bank. 2026. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2014. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014.

Harvard

World Bank (2026) Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS), EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2014 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014 (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{world_eu_countries_by_gross_2014,
  author = {{World Bank}},
  title = {{Gross capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS): EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2014}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014. Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - World Bank
TI  - Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS): EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2014
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - World Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014.
N1  - Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest gross capital formation, share of GDP?

Estonia, with 26.7% of GDP in 2014, according to the World Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest gross capital formation, share of GDP?

Greece, with 12.1% of GDP in 2014.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Gross capital formation, share of GDP: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings