Data / Rankings / Gross capital formation, share of GDP / EU countries

EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2025

Czechia had the highest gross capital formation, share of GDP of 27 EU countries in 2025, at 26.8% of GDP. Luxembourg had the lowest, at 15.5% of GDP. The median was 22% of GDP. Source: the World Bank.

Keep it in a collection in your library.
Highest26.8Czechia
Lowest15.5Luxembourg
Median2227 EU countries

Map of EU countries, 2025

Austria: 23.7 % of GDPBelgium: 25.7 % of GDPBulgaria: 21.7 % of GDPCyprus: 19.3 % of GDPCzechia: 26.8 % of GDPGermany: 21.9 % of GDPDenmark: 22.1 % of GDPEstonia: 24.8 % of GDPSpain: 21.4 % of GDPFinland: 21.9 % of GDPFrance: 21.9 % of GDPGreece: 17.2 % of GDPCroatia: 24.6 % of GDPHungary: 22.2 % of GDPIreland: 22.9 % of GDPItaly: 22.2 % of GDPLithuania: 22.2 % of GDPLuxembourg: 15.5 % of GDPLatvia: 24.1 % of GDPMalta: 18.7 % of GDPNetherlands: 19.8 % of GDPPoland: 17.9 % of GDPPortugal: 21 % of GDPRomania: 25.9 % of GDPSweden: 25.5 % of GDPSlovenia: 22 % of GDPSlovakia: 20.1 % of GDP
  • Under 20
  • 20 to 22
  • 22 to 24
  • 24 and over
% of GDP, 2025. Source: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2025

Czechia: 26.8 % of GDPCzechia26.8Romania: 25.9 % of GDPRomania25.9Belgium: 25.7 % of GDPBelgium25.7Sweden: 25.5 % of GDPSweden25.5Estonia: 24.8 % of GDPEstonia24.8Croatia: 24.6 % of GDPCroatia24.6Latvia: 24.1 % of GDPLatvia24.1Austria: 23.7 % of GDPAustria23.7Ireland: 22.9 % of GDPIreland22.9Italy: 22.2 % of GDPItaly22.2Lithuania: 22.2 % of GDPLithuania22.2Hungary: 22.2 % of GDPHungary22.2Denmark: 22.1 % of GDPDenmark22.1Slovenia: 22 % of GDPSlovenia22France: 21.9 % of GDPFrance21.9Germany: 21.9 % of GDPGermany21.9Finland: 21.9 % of GDPFinland21.9Bulgaria: 21.7 % of GDPBulgaria21.7Spain: 21.4 % of GDPSpain21.4Portugal: 21 % of GDPPortugal21Slovakia: 20.1 % of GDPSlovakia20.1Netherlands: 19.8 % of GDPNetherlands19.8Cyprus: 19.3 % of GDPCyprus19.3Malta: 18.7 % of GDPMalta18.7Poland: 17.9 % of GDPPoland17.9Greece: 17.2 % of GDPGreece17.2Luxembourg: 15.5 % of GDPLuxembourg15.5Czechia: 26.8 % of GDPCzechia26.8Romania: 25.9 % of GDPRomania25.9Belgium: 25.7 % of GDPBelgium25.7Sweden: 25.5 % of GDPSweden25.5Estonia: 24.8 % of GDPEstonia24.8Croatia: 24.6 % of GDPCroatia24.6Latvia: 24.1 % of GDPLatvia24.1Austria: 23.7 % of GDPAustria23.7Ireland: 22.9 % of GDPIreland22.9Italy: 22.2 % of GDPItaly22.2Lithuania: 22.2 % of GDPLithuania22.2Hungary: 22.2 % of GDPHungary22.2Denmark: 22.1 % of GDPDenmark22.1Slovenia: 22 % of GDPSlovenia22France: 21.9 % of GDPFrance21.9Germany: 21.9 % of GDPGermany21.9Finland: 21.9 % of GDPFinland21.9Bulgaria: 21.7 % of GDPBulgaria21.7Spain: 21.4 % of GDPSpain21.4Portugal: 21 % of GDPPortugal21Slovakia: 20.1 % of GDPSlovakia20.1Netherlands: 19.8 % of GDPNetherlands19.8Cyprus: 19.3 % of GDPCyprus19.3Malta: 18.7 % of GDPMalta18.7Poland: 17.9 % of GDPPoland17.9Greece: 17.2 % of GDPGreece17.2Luxembourg: 15.5 % of GDPLuxembourg15.5
% of GDP. Source: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2025
% of GDP		Change on 2024
1Czechia26.8+0.4 pts
2Romania25.9+0.9 pts
3Belgium25.7+1.2 pts
4Sweden25.5+0.3 pts
5Estonia24.8+0.3 pts
6Croatia24.6+0.3 pts
7Latvia24.1+2.6 pts
8Austria23.7+0.1 pts
9Ireland22.9+4.7 pts
10Italy22.2-0 pts
11Lithuania22.2+1.6 pts
12Hungary22.2-1.5 pts
13Denmark22.1-1.1 pts
14Slovenia22+0.5 pts
15France21.9+0.4 pts
16Germany21.9+0.4 pts
17Finland21.9-0.4 pts
18Bulgaria21.7+1.3 pts
19Spain21.4+0.2 pts
20Portugal21+0.7 pts
21Slovakia20.1-0 pts
22Netherlands19.8+0.1 pts
23Cyprus19.3-1.4 pts
24Malta18.7-0.3 pts
25Poland17.9+0.1 pts
26Greece17.2-1 pts
27Luxembourg15.5-0.3 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables, as a percentage of GDP. World Bank national accounts data, compiled from national statistical offices and central banks and from OECD national accounts files.

Includes the change in inventories, so it can be negative in a year when stocks are run down. For investment in fixed assets alone see gross_fixed_capital_formation_gdp. Current prices, so the share moves with relative prices as well as volumes. Countries that rebase their national accounts can shift it by several points. The latest year varies by country.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

World Bank. (2026). Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS) (EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2025) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS

MLA 9

Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS), EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2025. World Bank, 8 Oct. 2026, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

World Bank. 2026. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2025. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries.

Harvard

World Bank (2026) Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS), EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2025 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{world_eu_countries_by_gross_2025,
  author = {{World Bank}},
  title = {{Gross capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS): EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2025}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries. Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - World Bank
TI  - Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS): EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2025
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - World Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries.
N1  - Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
Embed this chart

Paste this code into a web page or a blog post. The chart shows the latest figures as they are published, with the source and a link back to this page.

Sites that read oEmbed links, such as WordPress, can show the chart when you paste the link to this page.

Use this data in your AI agent

Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:

Rank EU countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"gross_capital_formation_gdp","level":"country","within":"European Union (27)","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=gross_capital_formation_gdp&level=country&within=European%20Union%20(27)&limit=10

Connect Claude, ChatGPT or Cursor in one step. The trial answers 25 calls a day without an account.

Questions

Which EU country has the highest gross capital formation, share of GDP?

Czechia, with 26.8% of GDP in 2025, according to the World Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest gross capital formation, share of GDP?

Luxembourg, with 15.5% of GDP in 2025.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Gross capital formation, share of GDP: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings