US states by electricity retail sales

Texas had the highest electricity retail sales of 51 states in 2023, at 492.82 TWh. Vermont had the lowest, at 5.364 TWh. The median was 57.033 TWh and the figure for the United States was 3,874.253 TWh. Source: the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

Highest492.82Texas

Lowest5.364Vermont

Median57.03351 states

United States3,874.253History

Map of states, 2023

Under 14
14 to 33
33 to 57
57 to 82
82 to 130
130 and over

TWh, 2023. Source: EIA, Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861). Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2023

TWh. Source: EIA, Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2023 TWh	Change on 2022
1	Texas	492.82	+3.7%
2	Florida	250.94	+0.9%
3	California	239.48	-4.9%
4	Ohio	146.641	-1.9%
5	Georgia	142.029	-2.1%
6	New York	139.422	-2.6%
7	Pennsylvania	138.711	-4.4%
8	North Carolina	133.091	-4.4%
9	Virginia	132.319	0%
10	Illinois	130.578	-3.9%
11	Tennessee	99.046	-3%
12	Michigan	97.589	-3%
13	Indiana	95.995	-4%
14	Louisiana	95.374	+0.2%
15	Washington	89.553	-1.5%
16	Arizona	85.919	+2%
17	Alabama	84.88	-2.5%
18	South Carolina	81.202	-1.9%
19	Missouri	76.976	-4.1%
20	Kentucky	71.223	-5.5%
21	New Jersey	71.097	-4.5%
22	Oklahoma	68.979	-0.7%
23	Wisconsin	68.564	-1.9%
24	Minnesota	66.216	-0.6%
25	Oregon	57.985	+2.9%
26	Maryland	57.033	-4.4%
27	Colorado	55.566	-2.1%
28	Iowa	54.4	+0.4%
29	Massachusetts	50.012	-1.9%
30	Arkansas	48.649	-0.7%
31	Mississippi	48.422	-1.1%
32	Kansas	41.052	-2.2%
33	Nevada	38.249	-2.7%
34	Nebraska	33.571	-0.8%
35	Utah	33.344	-0.1%
36	West Virginia	32.071	-2.8%
37	New Mexico	28.347	+4.4%
38	North Dakota	28.202	+11.1%
39	Connecticut	26.685	-3.9%
40	Idaho	25.674	-2%
41	Wyoming	16.79	+1.8%
42	Montana	15.505	-0.5%
43	South Dakota	13.506	+0.3%
44	Maine	11.336	-4.5%
45	Delaware	11.082	-4%
46	New Hampshire	10.631	-1.7%
47	District of Columbia	9.88	-3.5%
48	Hawaii	8.927	-1.2%
49	Rhode Island	7.301	-3.6%
50	Alaska	6.025	+0.4%
51	Vermont	5.364	-1.9%

Other periods

About this ranking

Electricity sold to all ultimate customers: residential, commercial, industrial and transportation, in terawatt hours (billion kilowatt hours), as reported by utilities and other retailers to the U.S. Energy Information Administration on Form EIA-861.

Retail sales only: electricity that plants and businesses generate and use themselves (direct use) is not included, so this is lower than total consumption, and it is not the same as electricity_consumption, which EIA publishes for countries. Published in megawatt hours; shown in terawatt hours. From 1990 to 2002 the all-sector total includes an "other" sector (public street lighting, other public authorities and railways); from 2003 EIA reports these sales under commercial, industrial and a new transportation sector.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Energy Information Administration. Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861). https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2026). Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861) (US states by electricity retail sales, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/

MLA 9

Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861), US states by electricity retail sales, 2023. U.S. Energy Information Administration, 7 Oct. 2026, https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/electricity-retail-sales/us-states?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Energy Information Administration. 2026. Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861). US states by electricity retail sales, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/electricity-retail-sales/us-states?period=2023.

Harvard

U.S. Energy Information Administration (2026) Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861), US states by electricity retail sales, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/electricity-retail-sales/us-states?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{energy_us_states_by_electricity_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Energy Information Administration}},
  title = {{Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861): US states by electricity retail sales, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/electricity-retail-sales/us-states?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Energy Information Administration. Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861). https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Energy Information Administration
TI  - Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861): US states by electricity retail sales, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/07
PB  - U.S. Energy Information Administration
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/electricity-retail-sales/us-states?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/electricity-retail-sales/us-states?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Energy Information Administration. Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861). https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest electricity retail sales?

Texas, with 492.82 TWh in 2023, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

Which state has the lowest electricity retail sales?

Vermont, with 5.364 TWh in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-861 annual sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, by state (HS861). Retrieved 2026-10-12.