Latvia in figures

A profile of Latvia from official statistics: 44 figures in 9 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People
Work and income
Economy
Prices and housing
Consumers
Business and tourism
Health
Digital
Energy and environment
Sources and citations

People

Population in Latvia was 1.86 million in 2025, down 1% from 2024, and the 5th lowest of 27 EU countries.

Population1.86 million2025Down 1% from 2024The 5th lowest of 27 EU countries

Population growth rate0.23%2023Up 0.5 percentage points from 2022The 10th lowest of 27 EU countries

Median age44.4 years2025Up 0.3 years from 2024Tied for the 10th highest of 27 EU countries

Population aged 65 and over21.9%2025Up 0.5 percentage points from 2024

Foreign-born population share11.6%2025Down 0.4 percentage points from 2024

Population density30 inhabitants per km²2024Down 0.7% from 2023

Population, 2001 to 2025. persons. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3); World Bank, Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW); Eurostat, European Commission, Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3); Invokely, Foreign-born population share (Eurostat migr_pop4ctb); Eurostat, European Commission, Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Latvia was 6.9% in 2025, unchanged from 2024, and tied for the 7th highest of 27 EU countries.

Unemployment rate6.9%2025Unchanged from 2024Tied for the 7th highest of 27 EU countries

Household disposable income per inhabitant€12,0002024Up 9.1% from 2023The 3rd lowest of 27 EU countries in 2023

Average full-time adjusted annual salary€22,2622024Up 10.2% from 2023The 7th lowest of 26 EU countries

Employment rate78.2%2025Up 0.8 percentage points from 2024

At-risk-of-poverty rate22%2025Up 0.4 percentage points from 2024

Activity rate77.6%2025Up 0.9 percentage points from 2024

Unemployment rate, 2009 to 2025. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Unemployment by sex and age, annual data (une_rt_a).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Unemployment by sex and age, annual data (une_rt_a); Eurostat, European Commission, Income of households by NUTS 2 region, net disposable income, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_2hhinc); Eurostat, European Commission, Average full time adjusted salary per employee, euro (nama_10_fte); Eurostat, European Commission, Employment and activity by sex and age, annual data, employment rate 20 to 64 (lfsi_emp_a); Eurostat, European Commission, At-risk-of-poverty rate (ilc_li02); Eurostat, European Commission, Employment and activity by sex and age, annual data, activity rate 15 to 64 (lfsi_emp_a). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (US dollars) in Latvia was $48.62 billion in 2025, up 10.5% from 2024, and the 4th lowest of 27 EU countries.

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars$48.62 billion2025Up 10.5% from 2024The 4th lowest of 27 EU countries

GDP per capita, US dollars$26,3122025Up 11.6% from 2024The 4th lowest of 27 EU countries

Real GDP growth2.4%2025Up 1.9 percentage points from 2024The 11th highest of 27 EU countries

GDP per capita, PPP (international dollars)46,137 international $2025Up 5.2% from 2024

General government gross debt, national accounts56.9% of GDP2025Down 0.3 percentage points from 2024

Trade as a share of GDP129.7%2025Down 1.6 percentage points from 2024

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars, 2001 to 2025. USD million. Source: World Bank, GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD).

Sources: World Bank, GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD); World Bank, GDP per capita, current US$ (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP and main components, chain-linked volumes, percentage change (nama_10_gdp); World Bank, GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4); World Bank, Trade, % of GDP (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). Economy statistics and rankings

Prices and housing

HICP inflation rate in Latvia was 2.9% (estimated) in September 2026, down 1.3 percentage points from September 2025, and the 12th lowest of 27 EU countries in August 2026.

HICP inflation (annual rate)2.9%September 2026, estimatedDown 1.3 percentage points from September 2025The 12th lowest of 27 EU countries in August 2026

House prices, annual change11.4%Q2 2026, provisionalUp 4.9 percentage points from Q2 2025The 8th highest of 26 EU countries

Population living in owner-occupied homes82.2%2025Down 1.5 percentage points from 2024The 8th highest of 27 EU countries

HICP inflation (annual rate), September 2021 to September 2026. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, HICP, monthly data, annual rate of change (prc_hicp_minr).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, HICP, monthly data, annual rate of change (prc_hicp_minr); Eurostat, European Commission, House price index, quarterly, annual rate of change (prc_hpi_q); Eurostat, European Commission, Distribution of population by tenure status, owner, all households and incomes (ilc_lvho02). Housing statistics and rankings

Consumers

Consumer confidence indicator in Latvia was -8.9 balance, percentage points in September 2026, up 5.3 percentage points from September 2025, and tied for the 9th highest of 25 EU countries.

Consumer confidence indicator-8.9 balance, percentage pointsSeptember 2026Up 5.3 percentage points from September 2025Tied for the 9th highest of 25 EU countries

Price level index for household consumption (EU27 = 100)83.22025Up 0.5 points from 2024The 7th lowest of 27 EU countries

Severe material and social deprivation rate4.8%2025Down 0.5 percentage points from 2024The 13th highest of 27 EU countries

People who bought online in the last 12 months69.7%2025Up 4.6 percentage points from 2024

People unable to face unexpected expenses43.7%2025Down 1.6 percentage points from 2024

Consumer confidence indicator, September 2021 to September 2026. balance, percentage points. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, European Commission (DG ECFIN) business and consumer surveys: consumer confidence indicator, balance in percentage points, seasonally adjusted (ei_bsco_m, BS-CSMCI).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, European Commission (DG ECFIN) business and consumer surveys: consumer confidence indicator, balance in percentage points, seasonally adjusted (ei_bsco_m, BS-CSMCI); Eurostat, European Commission, Purchasing power parities, price level indices (EU27_2020 = 100), household final consumption expenditure (prc_ppp_ind_1, COICOP 2018 E011); Eurostat, European Commission, Severe material and social deprivation rate, total population (ilc_mdsd11); Eurostat, European Commission, Internet purchases by individuals, last online purchase in the 12 months, all individuals (isoc_ec_ib20); Eurostat, European Commission, Inability to face unexpected financial expenses, total population, all household types and incomes (ilc_mdes04). Economy statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Nights spent in tourist accommodation in Latvia were 4.98 million in 2025, up 6.1% from 2024, and the 2nd lowest of 27 EU countries.

Nights spent in tourist accommodation4.98 million2025Up 6.1% from 2024The 2nd lowest of 27 EU countries

International tourist arrivals477,6482021Down 24.9% from 2020The lowest of 14 EU countries

Guest nights in short-stay rentals booked through online platforms2.05 million2025Up 15.5% from 2024The 3rd lowest of 27 EU countries

Enterprises using artificial intelligence12.2%2025Up 3.4 percentage points from 2024

Nights spent in tourist accommodation, 2001 to 2025. count. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD Inbound tourism: arrivals of non-resident overnight visitors (tourists), tourism demand surveys and frontier statistics (DSD_TOURISM_INTER@DF_INBOUND); Eurostat, European Commission, Guest nights spent at short-stay accommodation offered via online platforms by NUTS 3 region, residents and non-residents (tour_ce_oan3); Eurostat, European Commission, Artificial intelligence by size class of enterprise, enterprises using at least one AI technology (isoc_eb_ai). Companies statistics and rankings

Health

Life expectancy in Latvia was 76.4 years in 2024, up 0.8 years from 2023, and the 2nd lowest of 27 EU countries.

Life expectancy at birth76.4 years2024Up 0.8 years from 2023The 2nd lowest of 27 EU countries

Infant mortality rate1.5 per 1,000 live births2024Down 1.1 per 1,000 live births from 2023The 2nd lowest of 27 EU countries

Adult obesity rate, age-standardized22.3%2024Up less than 0.1 percentage points from 2023The 10th highest of 27 EU countries

Tobacco use, age-standardized35.3%2022No 2021 figure to compare

Age-standardised death rate, all causes1,391.8 per 100,000 people2023Down 143.9 per 100,000 people from 2022

Health spending, share of GDP8.5% of GDP2025, estimatedUp 0.4 percentage points from 2024

Life expectancy at birth, 2002 to 2024. years. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Life expectancy by age and sex (demo_mlexpec).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Life expectancy by age and sex (demo_mlexpec); Eurostat, European Commission, Infant mortality rates (demo_minfind); World Health Organization, Age-standardized prevalence of obesity among adults (18+ years), both sexes (NCD_BMI_30A); World Health Organization, Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use among persons 15 years and older (%), both sexes (M_Est_tob_curr_std); Eurostat, European Commission, Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD Health expenditure and financing: current expenditure on health, all financing schemes, share of GDP (DSD_SHA@DF_SHA). Health statistics and rankings

Digital

Share of people using the internet in Latvia was 94.5% in 2025, up 1.3 percentage points from 2024, and the 14th highest of 27 EU countries.

Internet use in the last 3 months94.5%2025Up 1.3 percentage points from 2024The 14th highest of 27 EU countries

People using generative AI33.4%2025No 2024 figure to compareThe 9th lowest of 27 EU countries

Enterprises buying cloud computing services44.1%2025No 2024 figure to compareThe 8th lowest of 27 EU countries

ICT specialists in employment4.5%2025Down 0.4 percentage points from 2024

E-commerce share of enterprise turnover12.17%2025Up 0.45 percentage points from 2024

Internet use in the last 3 months, 2004 to 2025. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals, internet use in the last 3 months (isoc_ci_ifp_iu).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals, internet use in the last 3 months (isoc_ci_ifp_iu); Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals, use of generative AI tools in the last 3 months (isoc_ai_iaiu); Eurostat, European Commission, Cloud computing services by size class of enterprise, enterprises buying cloud services (isoc_cicce_use); Eurostat, European Commission, Employed ICT specialists, percentage of total employment (isoc_sks_itspt); Eurostat, European Commission, E-commerce sales as a percentage of total enterprise turnover, survey year (isoc_ec_evaln2). AI and digital economy statistics and rankings

Energy and environment

Greenhouse gas emissions per person in Latvia were 5.13 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person in 2024, down 1.9% from 2023, and the 5th lowest of 27 EU countries.

Greenhouse gas emissions per person5.13 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2024Down 1.9% from 2023The 5th lowest of 27 EU countries

Renewable energy share of energy consumption46.3%2025, provisionalUp 0.8 percentage points from 2024The 4th highest of 27 EU countries

Municipal waste recycling rate52.7%2024Up 2.1 percentage points from 2023The 8th highest of 27 EU countries in 2023

Greenhouse gas emissions per person, 2000 to 2024. tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person. Source: Invokely, Greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (EEA via Eurostat env_air_gge) divided by population on 1 January (Eurostat demo_r_pjanaggr3).

Sources: Invokely, Greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (EEA via Eurostat env_air_gge) divided by population on 1 January (Eurostat demo_r_pjanaggr3); Eurostat, European Commission, Renewable energy share, overall (nrg_ind_ren); Eurostat, European Commission, Recycling rate of municipal waste (cei_wm011). Environment and emissions statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

Eurostat. Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanaggr3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
Eurostat. Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Invokely calculation from Foreign-born population share (Eurostat migr_pop4ctb). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#foreign_born_share. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_d3dens/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Eurostat. Unemployment by sex and age, annual data (une_rt_a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/une_rt_a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
Eurostat. Income of households by NUTS 2 region, net disposable income, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_2hhinc). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_2hhinc/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. Average full time adjusted salary per employee, euro (nama_10_fte). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_fte/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Employment and activity by sex and age, annual data, employment rate 20 to 64 (lfsi_emp_a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfsi_emp_a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
Eurostat. At-risk-of-poverty rate (ilc_li02). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_li02/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Eurostat. Employment and activity by sex and age, annual data, activity rate 15 to 64 (lfsi_emp_a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfsi_emp_a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP per capita, current US$ (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
Eurostat. GDP and main components, chain-linked volumes, percentage change (nama_10_gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
OECD. OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_NAAG_VI%40DF_NAAG_VI&df[ag]=OECD.SDD.NAD. Accessed 2026-10-12. Data reuse terms and downstream attribution: https://www.oecd.org/en/about/terms-conditions.html
World Bank, World Development Indicators. Trade, % of GDP (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
Eurostat. HICP, monthly data, annual rate of change (prc_hicp_minr). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/prc_hicp_minr/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Eurostat. House price index, quarterly, annual rate of change (prc_hpi_q). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/prc_hpi_q/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Eurostat. Distribution of population by tenure status, owner, all households and incomes (ilc_lvho02). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho02/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. European Commission (DG ECFIN) business and consumer surveys: consumer confidence indicator, balance in percentage points, seasonally adjusted (ei_bsco_m, BS-CSMCI). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ei_bsco_m/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Purchasing power parities, price level indices (EU27_2020 = 100), household final consumption expenditure (prc_ppp_ind_1, COICOP 2018 E011). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/prc_ppp_ind_1/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Severe material and social deprivation rate, total population (ilc_mdsd11). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_mdsd11/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Internet purchases by individuals, last online purchase in the 12 months, all individuals (isoc_ec_ib20). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_ec_ib20/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Inability to face unexpected financial expenses, total population, all household types and incomes (ilc_mdes04). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_mdes04/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
OECD. OECD Inbound tourism: arrivals of non-resident overnight visitors (tourists), tourism demand surveys and frontier statistics (DSD_TOURISM_INTER@DF_INBOUND). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_TOURISM_INTER%40DF_INBOUND&df[ag]=OECD.CFE.TOU. Accessed 2026-10-12. Data reuse terms and downstream attribution: https://www.oecd.org/en/about/terms-conditions.html
Eurostat. Guest nights spent at short-stay accommodation offered via online platforms by NUTS 3 region, residents and non-residents (tour_ce_oan3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_ce_oan3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Artificial intelligence by size class of enterprise, enterprises using at least one AI technology (isoc_eb_ai). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_eb_ai/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. Life expectancy by age and sex (demo_mlexpec). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_mlexpec/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Eurostat. Infant mortality rates (demo_minfind). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_minfind/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
World Health Organization, data.who.int. Age-standardized prevalence of obesity among adults (18+ years), both sexes (NCD_BMI_30A) [Indicator]. https://data.who.int/indicators/i/C6262EC/BEFA58B (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. No changes made to source values. WHO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.
World Health Organization, data.who.int. Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use among persons 15 years and older (%), both sexes (M_Est_tob_curr_std) [Indicator]. https://data.who.int/indicators/i/847662C/75DDA77 (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. No changes made to source values. WHO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.
Eurostat. Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/hlth_cd_asdr2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
OECD. OECD Health expenditure and financing: current expenditure on health, all financing schemes, share of GDP (DSD_SHA@DF_SHA). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_SHA%40DF_SHA&df[ag]=OECD.ELS.HD. Accessed 2026-10-12. Data reuse terms and downstream attribution: https://www.oecd.org/en/about/terms-conditions.html
Eurostat. Individuals, internet use in the last 3 months (isoc_ci_ifp_iu). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_ci_ifp_iu/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. Individuals, use of generative AI tools in the last 3 months (isoc_ai_iaiu). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_ai_iaiu/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. Cloud computing services by size class of enterprise, enterprises buying cloud services (isoc_cicce_use). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_cicce_use/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. Employed ICT specialists, percentage of total employment (isoc_sks_itspt). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_sks_itspt/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. E-commerce sales as a percentage of total enterprise turnover, survey year (isoc_ec_evaln2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_ec_evaln2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
Invokely calculation from Greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (EEA via Eurostat env_air_gge) divided by population on 1 January (Eurostat demo_r_pjanaggr3). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#ghg_emissions_per_capita. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Renewable energy share, overall (nrg_ind_ren). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_ren/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Recycling rate of municipal waste (cei_wm011). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/cei_wm011/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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