Bulgaria in figures

A profile of Bulgaria from official statistics: 44 figures in 9 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People
Work and income
Economy
Prices and housing
Consumers
Business and tourism
Health
Digital
Energy and environment
Sources and citations

People

Population in Bulgaria was 6.44 million in 2025, down 0.1% from 2024, and the 13th lowest of 27 EU countries.

Population6.44 million2025Down 0.1% from 2024The 13th lowest of 27 EU countries

Population growth rate-0.29%2023Up 0.36 percentage points from 2022The 3rd lowest of 27 EU countries

Median age47.2 years2025Up 0.2 years from 2024Tied for the 2nd highest of 27 EU countries

Population aged 65 and over24%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024

Foreign-born population share3.8%2025Up 0.5 percentage points from 2024

Population density58.6 inhabitants per km²2024Unchanged from 2023

Population, 2001 to 2025. persons. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3); World Bank, Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW); Eurostat, European Commission, Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3); Invokely, Foreign-born population share (Eurostat migr_pop4ctb); Eurostat, European Commission, Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Bulgaria was 3.5% in 2025, down 0.7 percentage points from 2024 (the 2024 figure is series break), and the 4th lowest of 27 EU countries.

Unemployment rate3.5%2025Down 0.7 percentage points from 2024 (the 2024 figure is series break)The 4th lowest of 27 EU countries

Household disposable income per inhabitant€8,0002023Up 15.9% from 2022The lowest of 27 EU countries

Average full-time adjusted annual salary€15,3872024Up 14% from 2023The lowest of 26 EU countries

Employment rate77%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024 (the 2024 figure is series break)

At-risk-of-poverty rate21.2%2025Down 0.5 percentage points from 2024

Activity rate73.5%2025Down 0.5 percentage points from 2024 (the 2024 figure is series break)

Unemployment rate, 2009 to 2025. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Unemployment by sex and age, annual data (une_rt_a).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Unemployment by sex and age, annual data (une_rt_a); Eurostat, European Commission, Income of households by NUTS 2 region, net disposable income, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_2hhinc); Eurostat, European Commission, Average full time adjusted salary per employee, euro (nama_10_fte); Eurostat, European Commission, Employment and activity by sex and age, annual data, employment rate 20 to 64 (lfsi_emp_a); Eurostat, European Commission, At-risk-of-poverty rate (ilc_li02); Eurostat, European Commission, Employment and activity by sex and age, annual data, activity rate 15 to 64 (lfsi_emp_a). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (US dollars) in Bulgaria was $130.78 billion in 2025, up 15.4% from 2024, and the 9th lowest of 27 EU countries.

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars$130.78 billion2025Up 15.4% from 2024The 9th lowest of 27 EU countries

GDP per capita, US dollars$20,3282025Up 15.5% from 2024The lowest of 27 EU countries

Real GDP growth3.1%2025, provisionalDown 0.3 percentage points from 2024The 7th highest of 27 EU countries

GDP per capita, PPP (international dollars)44,451 international $2025Up 5.9% from 2024

Government debt29.9% of GDP2025Up 6.1 percentage points from 2024

Trade as a share of GDP102.5%2025Down 7.7 percentage points from 2024

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars, 2001 to 2025. USD million. Source: World Bank, GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD).

Sources: World Bank, GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD); World Bank, GDP per capita, current US$ (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP and main components, chain-linked volumes, percentage change (nama_10_gdp); World Bank, GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD); Eurostat, European Commission, Government deficit and debt (gov_10dd_edpt1); World Bank, Trade, % of GDP (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). Economy statistics and rankings

Prices and housing

HICP inflation rate in Bulgaria was 5.6% (estimated) in September 2026, up 1.5 percentage points from September 2025, and the 4th highest of 27 EU countries in August 2026.

HICP inflation (annual rate)5.6%September 2026, estimatedUp 1.5 percentage points from September 2025The 4th highest of 27 EU countries in August 2026

House prices, annual change15.5%Q2 2026, provisionalUnchanged from Q2 2025The 2nd highest of 26 EU countries

Population living in owner-occupied homes86.1%2025Up 0.1 percentage points from 2024The 7th highest of 27 EU countries

HICP inflation (annual rate), September 2021 to September 2026. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, HICP, monthly data, annual rate of change (prc_hicp_minr).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, HICP, monthly data, annual rate of change (prc_hicp_minr); Eurostat, European Commission, House price index, quarterly, annual rate of change (prc_hpi_q); Eurostat, European Commission, Distribution of population by tenure status, owner, all households and incomes (ilc_lvho02). Housing statistics and rankings

Consumers

Consumer confidence indicator in Bulgaria was -25.9 balance, percentage points in September 2026, down 5.9 percentage points from September 2025, and the 3rd lowest of 25 EU countries.

Consumer confidence indicator-25.9 balance, percentage pointsSeptember 2026Down 5.9 percentage points from September 2025The 3rd lowest of 25 EU countries

Price level index for household consumption (EU27 = 100)62.52025Up 2 points from 2024The lowest of 27 EU countries

Severe material and social deprivation rate15%2025Down 1.6 percentage points from 2024The 2nd highest of 27 EU countries

People who bought online in the last 12 months51.2%2025Up 1.4 percentage points from 2024

People unable to face unexpected expenses42.4%2025Down 3.2 percentage points from 2024

Consumer confidence indicator, September 2021 to September 2026. balance, percentage points. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, European Commission (DG ECFIN) business and consumer surveys: consumer confidence indicator, balance in percentage points, seasonally adjusted (ei_bsco_m, BS-CSMCI).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, European Commission (DG ECFIN) business and consumer surveys: consumer confidence indicator, balance in percentage points, seasonally adjusted (ei_bsco_m, BS-CSMCI); Eurostat, European Commission, Purchasing power parities, price level indices (EU27_2020 = 100), household final consumption expenditure (prc_ppp_ind_1, COICOP 2018 E011); Eurostat, European Commission, Severe material and social deprivation rate, total population (ilc_mdsd11); Eurostat, European Commission, Internet purchases by individuals, last online purchase in the 12 months, all individuals (isoc_ec_ib20); Eurostat, European Commission, Inability to face unexpected financial expenses, total population, all household types and incomes (ilc_mdes04). Economy statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Nights spent in tourist accommodation in Bulgaria were 28.82 million in 2025, up 4.2% from 2024, and the 10th lowest of 27 EU countries.

Nights spent in tourist accommodation28.82 million2025Up 4.2% from 2024The 10th lowest of 27 EU countries

International visitor arrivals (non-residents, overnight and same-day)13.25 million2024Up 4.9% from 2023The 7th lowest of 16 EU countries in 2018

Guest nights in short-stay rentals booked through online platforms5.01 million2025Up 12.6% from 2024The 7th lowest of 27 EU countries

Enterprises using artificial intelligence8.6%2025Up 2.1 percentage points from 2024

Nights spent in tourist accommodation, 2001 to 2025. count. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD Inbound tourism: arrivals of non-resident visitors, overnight and same-day, tourism demand surveys and frontier statistics (DSD_TOURISM_INTER@DF_INBOUND); Eurostat, European Commission, Guest nights spent at short-stay accommodation offered via online platforms by NUTS 3 region, residents and non-residents (tour_ce_oan3); Eurostat, European Commission, Artificial intelligence by size class of enterprise, enterprises using at least one AI technology (isoc_eb_ai). Companies statistics and rankings

Health

Life expectancy in Bulgaria was 75.8 years in 2024, up 0.1 years from 2023, and the lowest of 27 EU countries.

Life expectancy at birth75.8 years2024Up 0.1 years from 2023The lowest of 27 EU countries

Infant mortality rate4.5 per 1,000 live births2024Down 0.4 per 1,000 live births from 2023The 5th highest of 27 EU countries

Adult obesity rate, age-standardized20.3%2024Up 0.2 percentage points from 2023The 12th lowest of 27 EU countries

Tobacco use, age-standardized39.4%2020No 2019 figure to compare

Age-standardised death rate, all causes1,455.3 per 100,000 people2023Down 261 per 100,000 people from 2022

Road deaths per million inhabitants74 per million inhabitants2024Down 7 per million inhabitants from 2023

Life expectancy at birth, 2000 to 2024. years. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Life expectancy by age and sex (demo_mlexpec).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Life expectancy by age and sex (demo_mlexpec); Eurostat, European Commission, Infant mortality rates (demo_minfind); World Health Organization, Age-standardized prevalence of obesity among adults (18+ years), both sexes (NCD_BMI_30A); World Health Organization, Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use among persons 15 years and older (%), both sexes (M_Est_tob_curr_std); Eurostat, European Commission, Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2); Eurostat, European Commission, Persons killed in road accidents per million inhabitants (tran_sf_roadus). Health statistics and rankings

Digital

Share of people using the internet in Bulgaria was 86.9% in 2025, up 4.4 percentage points from 2024, and the 2nd lowest of 27 EU countries.

Internet use in the last 3 months86.9%2025Up 4.4 percentage points from 2024The 2nd lowest of 27 EU countries

People using generative AI22.5%2025No 2024 figure to compareThe 3rd lowest of 27 EU countries

Enterprises buying cloud computing services17.8%2025No 2024 figure to compareThe lowest of 27 EU countries

ICT specialists in employment4.8%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024 (the 2024 figure is series break)

E-commerce share of enterprise turnover7.63%2025Down 0.23 percentage points from 2024

Internet use in the last 3 months, 2004 to 2025. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals, internet use in the last 3 months (isoc_ci_ifp_iu).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals, internet use in the last 3 months (isoc_ci_ifp_iu); Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals, use of generative AI tools in the last 3 months (isoc_ai_iaiu); Eurostat, European Commission, Cloud computing services by size class of enterprise, enterprises buying cloud services (isoc_cicce_use); Eurostat, European Commission, Employed ICT specialists, percentage of total employment (isoc_sks_itspt); Eurostat, European Commission, E-commerce sales as a percentage of total enterprise turnover, survey year (isoc_ec_evaln2). AI and digital economy statistics and rankings

Energy and environment

Greenhouse gas emissions per person in Bulgaria were 6.73 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person in 2024, down 5% from 2023, and the 14th highest of 27 EU countries.

Greenhouse gas emissions per person6.73 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person2024Down 5% from 2023The 14th highest of 27 EU countries

Renewable energy share of energy consumption22.7%2025, provisionalDown 0.5 percentage points from 2024Tied for the 11th lowest of 27 EU countries

Municipal waste recycling rate16.7%2023Down 7.9 percentage points from 2022The 3rd lowest of 27 EU countries

Greenhouse gas emissions per person, 2000 to 2024. tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person. Source: Invokely, Greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (EEA via Eurostat env_air_gge) divided by population on 1 January (Eurostat demo_r_pjanaggr3).

Sources: Invokely, Greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (EEA via Eurostat env_air_gge) divided by population on 1 January (Eurostat demo_r_pjanaggr3); Eurostat, European Commission, Renewable energy share, overall (nrg_ind_ren); Eurostat, European Commission, Recycling rate of municipal waste (cei_wm011). Environment and emissions statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

Eurostat. Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanaggr3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
Eurostat. Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Invokely calculation from Foreign-born population share (Eurostat migr_pop4ctb). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#foreign_born_share. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_d3dens/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Eurostat. Unemployment by sex and age, annual data (une_rt_a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/une_rt_a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
Eurostat. Income of households by NUTS 2 region, net disposable income, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_2hhinc). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_2hhinc/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. Average full time adjusted salary per employee, euro (nama_10_fte). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_fte/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Employment and activity by sex and age, annual data, employment rate 20 to 64 (lfsi_emp_a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfsi_emp_a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
Eurostat. At-risk-of-poverty rate (ilc_li02). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_li02/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Eurostat. Employment and activity by sex and age, annual data, activity rate 15 to 64 (lfsi_emp_a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfsi_emp_a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP per capita, current US$ (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
Eurostat. GDP and main components, chain-linked volumes, percentage change (nama_10_gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
Eurostat. Government deficit and debt (gov_10dd_edpt1). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/gov_10dd_edpt1/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
World Bank, World Development Indicators. Trade, % of GDP (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
Eurostat. HICP, monthly data, annual rate of change (prc_hicp_minr). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/prc_hicp_minr/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Eurostat. House price index, quarterly, annual rate of change (prc_hpi_q). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/prc_hpi_q/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Eurostat. Distribution of population by tenure status, owner, all households and incomes (ilc_lvho02). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho02/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. European Commission (DG ECFIN) business and consumer surveys: consumer confidence indicator, balance in percentage points, seasonally adjusted (ei_bsco_m, BS-CSMCI). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ei_bsco_m/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Purchasing power parities, price level indices (EU27_2020 = 100), household final consumption expenditure (prc_ppp_ind_1, COICOP 2018 E011). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/prc_ppp_ind_1/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Severe material and social deprivation rate, total population (ilc_mdsd11). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_mdsd11/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Internet purchases by individuals, last online purchase in the 12 months, all individuals (isoc_ec_ib20). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_ec_ib20/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Inability to face unexpected financial expenses, total population, all household types and incomes (ilc_mdes04). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_mdes04/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
OECD. OECD Inbound tourism: arrivals of non-resident visitors, overnight and same-day, tourism demand surveys and frontier statistics (DSD_TOURISM_INTER@DF_INBOUND). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_TOURISM_INTER%40DF_INBOUND&df[ag]=OECD.CFE.TOU. Accessed 2026-10-12. Data reuse terms and downstream attribution: https://www.oecd.org/en/about/terms-conditions.html
Eurostat. Guest nights spent at short-stay accommodation offered via online platforms by NUTS 3 region, residents and non-residents (tour_ce_oan3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_ce_oan3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Artificial intelligence by size class of enterprise, enterprises using at least one AI technology (isoc_eb_ai). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_eb_ai/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. Life expectancy by age and sex (demo_mlexpec). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_mlexpec/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
Eurostat. Infant mortality rates (demo_minfind). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_minfind/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
World Health Organization, data.who.int. Age-standardized prevalence of obesity among adults (18+ years), both sexes (NCD_BMI_30A) [Indicator]. https://data.who.int/indicators/i/C6262EC/BEFA58B (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. No changes made to source values. WHO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.
World Health Organization, data.who.int. Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use among persons 15 years and older (%), both sexes (M_Est_tob_curr_std) [Indicator]. https://data.who.int/indicators/i/847662C/75DDA77 (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. No changes made to source values. WHO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.
Eurostat. Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/hlth_cd_asdr2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Persons killed in road accidents per million inhabitants (tran_sf_roadus). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tran_sf_roadus/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Individuals, internet use in the last 3 months (isoc_ci_ifp_iu). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_ci_ifp_iu/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. Individuals, use of generative AI tools in the last 3 months (isoc_ai_iaiu). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_ai_iaiu/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. Cloud computing services by size class of enterprise, enterprises buying cloud services (isoc_cicce_use). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_cicce_use/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. Employed ICT specialists, percentage of total employment (isoc_sks_itspt). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_sks_itspt/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Eurostat. E-commerce sales as a percentage of total enterprise turnover, survey year (isoc_ec_evaln2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_ec_evaln2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
Invokely calculation from Greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (EEA via Eurostat env_air_gge) divided by population on 1 January (Eurostat demo_r_pjanaggr3). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#ghg_emissions_per_capita. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Renewable energy share, overall (nrg_ind_ren). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_ren/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Eurostat. Recycling rate of municipal waste (cei_wm011). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/cei_wm011/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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