Data / Rankings / Nonemployer businesses: other services / US states

US states by nonemployer businesses: other services

California had the highest nonemployer businesses: other services of 51 states in 2014, at 486,914. Alaska had the lowest, at 5,740. The median was 49,372 and the figure for the United States was 3.68 million. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest486,914California
Lowest5,740Alaska
Median49,37251 states
United States3,680,189History

Map of states, 2014

Alabama: 64,209 countAlaska: 5,740 countArizona: 65,658 countArkansas: 36,704 countCalifornia: 486,914 countColorado: 57,569 countConnecticut: 31,227 countDelaware: 7,712 countDistrict of Columbia: 7,329 countFlorida: 339,617 countGeorgia: 162,916 countHawaii: 16,168 countIdaho: 17,308 countIllinois: 154,196 countIndiana: 69,116 countIowa: 31,449 countKansas: 28,454 countKentucky: 49,372 countLouisiana: 66,823 countMaine: 14,279 countMaryland: 65,654 countMassachusetts: 57,439 countMichigan: 125,319 countMinnesota: 51,189 countMississippi: 42,596 countMissouri: 66,957 countMontana: 11,676 countNebraska: 20,180 countNevada: 32,014 countNew Hampshire: 12,514 countNew Jersey: 76,421 countNew Mexico: 16,611 countNew York: 225,603 countNorth Carolina: 122,411 countNorth Dakota: 7,287 countOhio: 109,911 countOklahoma: 45,733 countOregon: 33,468 countPennsylvania: 109,368 countRhode Island: 11,351 countSouth Carolina: 58,971 countSouth Dakota: 8,978 countTennessee: 90,777 countTexas: 324,512 countUtah: 27,764 countVermont: 7,090 countVirginia: 81,863 countWashington: 51,228 countWest Virginia: 15,427 countWisconsin: 50,966 countWyoming: 6,151 count
  • Under 12K
  • 12K to 28K
  • 28K to 49K
  • 49K to 66K
  • 66K to 110K
  • 110K and over
count, 2014. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2014

California: 486,914 countCalifornia486,914Florida: 339,617 countFlorida339,617Texas: 324,512 countTexas324,512New York: 225,603 countNew York225,603Georgia: 162,916 countGeorgia162,916Illinois: 154,196 countIllinois154,196Michigan: 125,319 countMichigan125,319North Carolina: 122,411 countNorth Carolina122,411Ohio: 109,911 countOhio109,911Pennsylvania: 109,368 countPennsylvania109,368Tennessee: 90,777 countTennessee90,777Virginia: 81,863 countVirginia81,863New Jersey: 76,421 countNew Jersey76,421Indiana: 69,116 countIndiana69,116Missouri: 66,957 countMissouri66,957Louisiana: 66,823 countLouisiana66,823Arizona: 65,658 countArizona65,658Maryland: 65,654 countMaryland65,654Alabama: 64,209 countAlabama64,209South Carolina: 58,971 countSouth Carolina58,971Colorado: 57,569 countColorado57,569Massachusetts: 57,439 countMassachusetts57,439Washington: 51,228 countWashington51,228Minnesota: 51,189 countMinnesota51,189Wisconsin: 50,966 countWisconsin50,966Kentucky: 49,372 countKentucky49,372Oklahoma: 45,733 countOklahoma45,733Mississippi: 42,596 countMississippi42,596Arkansas: 36,704 countArkansas36,704Oregon: 33,468 countOregon33,468Nevada: 32,014 countNevada32,014Iowa: 31,449 countIowa31,449Connecticut: 31,227 countConnecticut31,227Kansas: 28,454 countKansas28,454Utah: 27,764 countUtah27,764Nebraska: 20,180 countNebraska20,180Idaho: 17,308 countIdaho17,308New Mexico: 16,611 countNew Mexico16,611Hawaii: 16,168 countHawaii16,168West Virginia: 15,427 countWest Virginia15,427Maine: 14,279 countMaine14,279New Hampshire: 12,514 countNew Hampshire12,514Montana: 11,676 countMontana11,676Rhode Island: 11,351 countRhode Island11,351South Dakota: 8,978 countSouth Dakota8,978Delaware: 7,712 countDelaware7,712District of Columbia: 7,329 countDistrict of Columbia7,329North Dakota: 7,287 countNorth Dakota7,287Vermont: 7,090 countVermont7,090Wyoming: 6,151 countWyoming6,151Alaska: 5,740 countAlaska5,740California: 486,914 countCalifornia486,914Florida: 339,617 countFlorida339,617Texas: 324,512 countTexas324,512New York: 225,603 countNew York225,603Georgia: 162,916 countGeorgia162,916Illinois: 154,196 countIllinois154,196Michigan: 125,319 countMichigan125,319North Carolina: 122,411 countNorth Carolina122,411Ohio: 109,911 countOhio109,911Pennsylvania: 109,368 countPennsylvania109,368Tennessee: 90,777 countTennessee90,777Virginia: 81,863 countVirginia81,863New Jersey: 76,421 countNew Jersey76,421Indiana: 69,116 countIndiana69,116Missouri: 66,957 countMissouri66,957Louisiana: 66,823 countLouisiana66,823Arizona: 65,658 countArizona65,658Maryland: 65,654 countMaryland65,654Alabama: 64,209 countAlabama64,209South Carolina: 58,971 countSouth Carolina58,971Colorado: 57,569 countColorado57,569Massachusetts: 57,439 countMassachusetts57,439Washington: 51,228 countWashington51,228Minnesota: 51,189 countMinnesota51,189Wisconsin: 50,966 countWisconsin50,966Kentucky: 49,372 countKentucky49,372Oklahoma: 45,733 countOklahoma45,733Mississippi: 42,596 countMississippi42,596Arkansas: 36,704 countArkansas36,704Oregon: 33,468 countOregon33,468Nevada: 32,014 countNevada32,014Iowa: 31,449 countIowa31,449Connecticut: 31,227 countConnecticut31,227Kansas: 28,454 countKansas28,454Utah: 27,764 countUtah27,764Nebraska: 20,180 countNebraska20,180Idaho: 17,308 countIdaho17,308New Mexico: 16,611 countNew Mexico16,611Hawaii: 16,168 countHawaii16,168West Virginia: 15,427 countWest Virginia15,427Maine: 14,279 countMaine14,279New Hampshire: 12,514 countNew Hampshire12,514Montana: 11,676 countMontana11,676Rhode Island: 11,351 countRhode Island11,351South Dakota: 8,978 countSouth Dakota8,978Delaware: 7,712 countDelaware7,712District of Columbia: 7,329 countDistrict of Columbia7,329North Dakota: 7,287 countNorth Dakota7,287Vermont: 7,090 countVermont7,090Wyoming: 6,151 countWyoming6,151Alaska: 5,740 countAlaska5,740
count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2014
count		Change on 2013
1California486,914+3.9%
2Florida339,617+4.6%
3Texas324,512+4.6%
4New York225,603+1.4%
5Georgia162,916+2.2%
6Illinois154,196+0.9%
7Michigan125,319+0.1%
8North Carolina122,411+4.1%
9Ohio109,911+1%
10Pennsylvania109,368+2.3%
11Tennessee90,777+1.8%
12Virginia81,863+4.3%
13New Jersey76,421+3.6%
14Indiana69,116+1.8%
15Missouri66,957+0.5%
16Louisiana66,823+3%
17Arizona65,658+3.7%
18Maryland65,654+3.3%
19Alabama64,209+1%
20South Carolina58,971+2.6%
21Colorado57,569+3.5%
22Massachusetts57,439+2.1%
23Washington51,228+1.6%
24Minnesota51,189+0.4%
25Wisconsin50,966+1.5%
26Kentucky49,372+1.6%
27Oklahoma45,733+1.1%
28Mississippi42,596+5.5%
29Arkansas36,704+2.4%
30Oregon33,468+1.9%
31Nevada32,014+0.2%
32Iowa31,449+2.2%
33Connecticut31,227+2.7%
34Kansas28,454+0.8%
35Utah27,764+1%
36Nebraska20,180+1.1%
37Idaho17,308+2.1%
38New Mexico16,611+1.2%
39Hawaii16,168+3.4%
40West Virginia15,427+2.9%
41Maine14,279+1.9%
42New Hampshire12,514+2.5%
43Montana11,676+0.9%
44Rhode Island11,351+1.2%
45South Dakota8,978+0.5%
46Delaware7,712+4.8%
47District of Columbia7,329+0.1%
48North Dakota7,287+0.6%
49Vermont7,090+1.5%
50Wyoming6,151+1.2%
51Alaska5,740+3.3%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in other services (repair and maintenance, personal and laundry services, and civic organizations) (NAICS 81), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2017). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2014) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2014. U.S. Census Bureau, 6 June 2017, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2014. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2017. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2014. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2014.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2017) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2014 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2014 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2014,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2014}},
  year = {2017},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2014. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2014
PY  - 2017
DA  - 2017/06/06
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2014
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2014.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: other services?

California, with 486,914 in 2014, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: other services?

Alaska, with 5,740 in 2014.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

US states: more rankings