Data / Rankings / Nonemployer businesses: other services / US states

US states by nonemployer businesses: other services

California had the highest nonemployer businesses: other services of 51 states in 2013, at 468,857. Alaska had the lowest, at 5,558. The median was 48,608 and the figure for the United States was 3.58 million. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest468,857California
Lowest5,558Alaska
Median48,60851 states
United States3,583,742History

Map of states, 2013

Alabama: 63,575 countAlaska: 5,558 countArizona: 63,310 countArkansas: 35,856 countCalifornia: 468,857 countColorado: 55,638 countConnecticut: 30,410 countDelaware: 7,360 countDistrict of Columbia: 7,324 countFlorida: 324,723 countGeorgia: 159,382 countHawaii: 15,630 countIdaho: 16,953 countIllinois: 152,839 countIndiana: 67,901 countIowa: 30,778 countKansas: 28,216 countKentucky: 48,608 countLouisiana: 64,904 countMaine: 14,013 countMaryland: 63,560 countMassachusetts: 56,263 countMichigan: 125,222 countMinnesota: 50,995 countMississippi: 40,359 countMissouri: 66,606 countMontana: 11,576 countNebraska: 19,959 countNevada: 31,945 countNew Hampshire: 12,212 countNew Jersey: 73,774 countNew Mexico: 16,414 countNew York: 222,568 countNorth Carolina: 117,570 countNorth Dakota: 7,240 countOhio: 108,800 countOklahoma: 45,254 countOregon: 32,835 countPennsylvania: 106,933 countRhode Island: 11,214 countSouth Carolina: 57,468 countSouth Dakota: 8,935 countTennessee: 89,199 countTexas: 310,339 countUtah: 27,493 countVermont: 6,984 countVirginia: 78,461 countWashington: 50,444 countWest Virginia: 14,988 countWisconsin: 50,221 countWyoming: 6,076 count
  • Under 12K
  • 12K to 28K
  • 28K to 49K
  • 49K to 64K
  • 64K to 110K
  • 110K and over
count, 2013. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2013

California: 468,857 countCalifornia468,857Florida: 324,723 countFlorida324,723Texas: 310,339 countTexas310,339New York: 222,568 countNew York222,568Georgia: 159,382 countGeorgia159,382Illinois: 152,839 countIllinois152,839Michigan: 125,222 countMichigan125,222North Carolina: 117,570 countNorth Carolina117,570Ohio: 108,800 countOhio108,800Pennsylvania: 106,933 countPennsylvania106,933Tennessee: 89,199 countTennessee89,199Virginia: 78,461 countVirginia78,461New Jersey: 73,774 countNew Jersey73,774Indiana: 67,901 countIndiana67,901Missouri: 66,606 countMissouri66,606Louisiana: 64,904 countLouisiana64,904Alabama: 63,575 countAlabama63,575Maryland: 63,560 countMaryland63,560Arizona: 63,310 countArizona63,310South Carolina: 57,468 countSouth Carolina57,468Massachusetts: 56,263 countMassachusetts56,263Colorado: 55,638 countColorado55,638Minnesota: 50,995 countMinnesota50,995Washington: 50,444 countWashington50,444Wisconsin: 50,221 countWisconsin50,221Kentucky: 48,608 countKentucky48,608Oklahoma: 45,254 countOklahoma45,254Mississippi: 40,359 countMississippi40,359Arkansas: 35,856 countArkansas35,856Oregon: 32,835 countOregon32,835Nevada: 31,945 countNevada31,945Iowa: 30,778 countIowa30,778Connecticut: 30,410 countConnecticut30,410Kansas: 28,216 countKansas28,216Utah: 27,493 countUtah27,493Nebraska: 19,959 countNebraska19,959Idaho: 16,953 countIdaho16,953New Mexico: 16,414 countNew Mexico16,414Hawaii: 15,630 countHawaii15,630West Virginia: 14,988 countWest Virginia14,988Maine: 14,013 countMaine14,013New Hampshire: 12,212 countNew Hampshire12,212Montana: 11,576 countMontana11,576Rhode Island: 11,214 countRhode Island11,214South Dakota: 8,935 countSouth Dakota8,935Delaware: 7,360 countDelaware7,360District of Columbia: 7,324 countDistrict of Columbia7,324North Dakota: 7,240 countNorth Dakota7,240Vermont: 6,984 countVermont6,984Wyoming: 6,076 countWyoming6,076Alaska: 5,558 countAlaska5,558California: 468,857 countCalifornia468,857Florida: 324,723 countFlorida324,723Texas: 310,339 countTexas310,339New York: 222,568 countNew York222,568Georgia: 159,382 countGeorgia159,382Illinois: 152,839 countIllinois152,839Michigan: 125,222 countMichigan125,222North Carolina: 117,570 countNorth Carolina117,570Ohio: 108,800 countOhio108,800Pennsylvania: 106,933 countPennsylvania106,933Tennessee: 89,199 countTennessee89,199Virginia: 78,461 countVirginia78,461New Jersey: 73,774 countNew Jersey73,774Indiana: 67,901 countIndiana67,901Missouri: 66,606 countMissouri66,606Louisiana: 64,904 countLouisiana64,904Alabama: 63,575 countAlabama63,575Maryland: 63,560 countMaryland63,560Arizona: 63,310 countArizona63,310South Carolina: 57,468 countSouth Carolina57,468Massachusetts: 56,263 countMassachusetts56,263Colorado: 55,638 countColorado55,638Minnesota: 50,995 countMinnesota50,995Washington: 50,444 countWashington50,444Wisconsin: 50,221 countWisconsin50,221Kentucky: 48,608 countKentucky48,608Oklahoma: 45,254 countOklahoma45,254Mississippi: 40,359 countMississippi40,359Arkansas: 35,856 countArkansas35,856Oregon: 32,835 countOregon32,835Nevada: 31,945 countNevada31,945Iowa: 30,778 countIowa30,778Connecticut: 30,410 countConnecticut30,410Kansas: 28,216 countKansas28,216Utah: 27,493 countUtah27,493Nebraska: 19,959 countNebraska19,959Idaho: 16,953 countIdaho16,953New Mexico: 16,414 countNew Mexico16,414Hawaii: 15,630 countHawaii15,630West Virginia: 14,988 countWest Virginia14,988Maine: 14,013 countMaine14,013New Hampshire: 12,212 countNew Hampshire12,212Montana: 11,576 countMontana11,576Rhode Island: 11,214 countRhode Island11,214South Dakota: 8,935 countSouth Dakota8,935Delaware: 7,360 countDelaware7,360District of Columbia: 7,324 countDistrict of Columbia7,324North Dakota: 7,240 countNorth Dakota7,240Vermont: 6,984 countVermont6,984Wyoming: 6,076 countWyoming6,076Alaska: 5,558 countAlaska5,558
count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2013
count		Change on 2012
1California468,857+3.5%
2Florida324,723+4%
3Texas310,339+1.5%
4New York222,568-1%
5Georgia159,382+3.5%
6Illinois152,839+0.9%
7Michigan125,222+0.9%
8North Carolina117,570+1.9%
9Ohio108,800+1.3%
10Pennsylvania106,933+1.1%
11Tennessee89,199+0.3%
12Virginia78,461+1.7%
13New Jersey73,774+1.6%
14Indiana67,901+0.7%
15Missouri66,606+0.8%
16Louisiana64,904+0.6%
17Alabama63,575-2.1%
18Maryland63,560+5%
19Arizona63,310+2%
20South Carolina57,468+2.1%
21Massachusetts56,263+3.3%
22Colorado55,638+2%
23Minnesota50,995+0.2%
24Washington50,444+1.2%
25Wisconsin50,221-0%
26Kentucky48,608+0.4%
27Oklahoma45,254+0.2%
28Mississippi40,359+0.3%
29Arkansas35,856-1.2%
30Oregon32,835-0.8%
31Nevada31,945+9.3%
32Iowa30,778+0.9%
33Connecticut30,410+1.7%
34Kansas28,216+1.6%
35Utah27,493+0.1%
36Nebraska19,959+0.7%
37Idaho16,953+0.9%
38New Mexico16,414+0.1%
39Hawaii15,630+2.8%
40West Virginia14,988-0.4%
41Maine14,013+0.4%
42New Hampshire12,212+0.6%
43Montana11,576+1.4%
44Rhode Island11,214+2.9%
45South Dakota8,935+2.3%
46Delaware7,360+0.5%
47District of Columbia7,324+1.5%
48North Dakota7,240+2.5%
49Vermont6,984-1.3%
50Wyoming6,076-0.3%
51Alaska5,558+1.8%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in other services (repair and maintenance, personal and laundry services, and civic organizations) (NAICS 81), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2017). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2013) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2013. U.S. Census Bureau, 6 June 2017, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2013. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2017. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2013. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2013.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2017) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2013 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2013 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2013,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2013}},
  year = {2017},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2013. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: other services, 2013
PY  - 2017
DA  - 2017/06/06
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2013
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-other-services/us-states?period=2013.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: other services?

California, with 468,857 in 2013, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: other services?

Alaska, with 5,558 in 2013.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), other services (NAICS 81), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

US states: more rankings