Data / Rankings / Population without recorded national citizenship, share / EU countries

EU countries by population without recorded national citizenship, share

Luxembourg had the highest population without recorded national citizenship, share of 27 EU countries in 2023, at 47.4%. Romania had the lowest, at 1.2%. The median was 8.2%. Source: Eurostat.

Highest47.4Luxembourg
Lowest1.2Romania
Median8.227 EU countries

All EU countries, 2023

CSVChart (SVG)

LuxembourgLuxembourg: 47.4 %47.4MaltaMalta: 25.3 %25.3CyprusCyprus: 23.1 %23.1AustriaAustria: 19 %19EstoniaEstonia: 17.4 %17.4IrelandIreland: 14.4 %14.4GermanyGermany: 13.8 %13.8BelgiumBelgium: 13.8 %13.8LatviaLatvia: 13.3 %13.3SpainSpain: 12.7 %12.7DenmarkDenmark: 10.5 %10.5SloveniaSlovenia: 9 %9ItalyItaly: 8.7 %8.7FranceFrance: 8.2 %8.2SwedenSweden: 8.2 %8.2NetherlandsNetherlands: 8.1 %8.1CzechiaCzechia: 7.9 %7.9PortugalPortugal: 7.5 %7.5GreeceGreece: 7.3 %7.3FinlandFinland: 5.8 %5.8LithuaniaLithuania: 3.4 %3.4HungaryHungary: 2.4 %2.4CroatiaCroatia: 1.8 %1.8BulgariaBulgaria: 1.3 %1.3PolandPoland: 1.2 %1.2SlovakiaSlovakia: 1.2 %1.2RomaniaRomania: 1.2 %1.2
%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-10-10.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2023 (%)Change on 2022
1Luxembourg47.4+0.3 pts
2Malta25.3+3 pts
3Cyprus23.1+1.1 pts
4Austria19+1.3 pts
5Estonia17.4+2.1 pts
6Ireland14.4+1.6 pts
7Germany Series break13.8+0.7 pts
8Belgium13.8+0.7 pts
9Latvia13.3+0.3 pts
10Spain12.7+1.1 pts
11Denmark10.5+0.9 pts
12Slovenia9+0.8 pts
13Italy8.7+0.2 pts
14France Estimated8.2+0.2 pts
15Sweden8.2-0.2 pts
16Netherlands8.1+1 pts
17Czechia7.9+2.8 pts
18Portugal7.5+1.3 pts
19Greece7.3+0.1 pts
20Finland5.8+0.5 pts
21Lithuania3.4+2.2 pts
22Hungary2.4+0.3 pts
23Croatia1.8+0.9 pts
24Bulgaria1.3+0.3 pts
25Poland Estimated1.2-0 pts
26Slovakia1.20 pts
27Romania Estimated1.2+0.4 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Total population minus residents recorded as citizens of the reporting country, as a percentage of the total population on 1 January.

Includes foreign citizens, stateless persons, recognised non-citizens and residents whose citizenship is unknown. It is not a measure of foreign-born population or strictly foreign nationality.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Invokely calculation from Population without recorded national citizenship, share (Eurostat migr_pop1ctz). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#population_without_recorded_national_citizenship_share. Retrieved 2026-10-10.

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Questions

Which EU country has the highest population without recorded national citizenship, share?

Luxembourg, with 47.4% in 2023, according to Eurostat.

Which EU country has the lowest population without recorded national citizenship, share?

Romania, with 1.2% in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Invokely, Population without recorded national citizenship, share (Eurostat migr_pop1ctz). Retrieved 2026-10-10.

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