EU countries by tertiary education gross enrolment ratio, 2023
Greece had the highest tertiary education gross enrolment ratio of 26 EU countries in 2023, at 165.1%. Luxembourg had the lowest, at 21.5%. The median was 80%. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
All EU countries, 2023
Full ranking
| Rank | EU countries | 2023 (%) | Change on 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Greece | 165.1 | -1.3 pts |
| 2 | Finland | 108.1 | +3.2 pts |
| 3 | Cyprus | 107.3 | +1.9 pts |
| 4 | Spain | 93.7 | -1.3 pts |
| 5 | Austria | 91.7 | -2.8 pts |
| 6 | Netherlands | 86.6 | |
| 7 | Latvia | 85.7 | -5.6 pts |
| 8 | Belgium | 82.1 | -1.4 pts |
| 9 | Sweden | 81.4 | -2.5 pts |
| 10 | Denmark | 81.2 | -3.4 pts |
| 11 | Croatia | 81.2 | +0.4 pts |
| 12 | Malta | 80.5 | +5.9 pts |
| 13 | Slovenia | 80.1 | -2.3 pts |
| 14 | Bulgaria | 79.9 | -4.3 pts |
| 15 | Germany | 78.6 | +1.2 pts |
| 16 | Portugal | 77.7 | +2.6 pts |
| 17 | Lithuania | 77 | +0.1 pts |
| 18 | Poland | 76.9 | +1.6 pts |
| 19 | Italy | 75.9 | +2.1 pts |
| 20 | France | 70.5 | -1.1 pts |
| 21 | Estonia | 67.6 | -3.8 pts |
| 22 | Czechia | 66.7 | -4.1 pts |
| 23 | Hungary | 56.6 | -3.7 pts |
| 24 | Romania | 55.2 | -3.1 pts |
| 25 | Slovakia | 53.4 | +0.9 pts |
| 26 | Luxembourg | 21.5 | +0.5 pts |
Other periods
About this ranking
Students enrolled in tertiary education (ISCED levels 5 to 8), of any age, as a percentage of the population in the five-year age group that follows the official secondary school leaving age. UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
A gross ratio: students outside the reference ages and students from abroad are counted, so it can exceed 100%. It counts students, not graduates; for degree holders in the United States see bachelors_degree_share.
Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. 1 EU countries with data in other periods have no value for 2023 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.
How to cite
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). School enrollment, tertiary, % gross (SE.TER.ENRR). Retrieved through World Bank World Development Indicators (data.worldbank.org). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.TER.ENRR. Retrieved 2026-10-12. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. UIS does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.Use this data in your AI agent
Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:
Rank EU countries by tertiary education gross enrolment ratio using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"tertiary_enrolment_gross","level":"country","within":"European Union (27)","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=tertiary_enrolment_gross&level=country&within=European%20Union%20(27)&limit=10Questions
Which EU country has the highest tertiary education gross enrolment ratio?
Greece, with 165.1% in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
Which EU country has the lowest tertiary education gross enrolment ratio?
Luxembourg, with 21.5% in 2023.
Where does this ranking come from?
Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, School enrollment, tertiary, % gross (SE.TER.ENRR). Retrieved 2026-10-12. 1 EU countries have no value for 2023 and are not ranked.