Data / Rankings / Population growth rate / EU countries

EU countries by population growth

Luxembourg had the highest population growth of 27 EU countries in 2021, at 1.52%. Czechia had the lowest, at -1.81%. The median was 0.18%. Source: the World Bank.

Highest1.52Luxembourg
Lowest-1.81Czechia
Median0.1827 EU countries

All EU countries, 2021

CSVChart (SVG)

LuxembourgLuxembourg: 1.52 %1.52IrelandIreland: 1.4 %1.4CyprusCyprus: 1.15 %1.15PortugalPortugal: 0.63 %0.63SwedenSweden: 0.6 %0.6NetherlandsNetherlands: 0.52 %0.52MaltaMalta: 0.51 %0.51AustriaAustria: 0.44 %0.44DenmarkDenmark: 0.43 %0.43BelgiumBelgium: 0.41 %0.41FranceFrance: 0.36 %0.36SloveniaSlovenia: 0.27 %0.27FinlandFinland: 0.21 %0.21SpainSpain: 0.18 %0.18EstoniaEstonia: 0.11 %0.11GermanyGermany: 0.04 %0.04LithuaniaLithuania: -0.07 %-0.07SlovakiaSlovakia: -0.21 %-0.21HungaryHungary: -0.41 %-0.41ItalyItaly: -0.52 %-0.52BulgariaBulgaria: -0.66 %-0.66RomaniaRomania: -0.75 %-0.75LatviaLatvia: -0.84 %-0.84CroatiaCroatia: -0.9 %-0.9GreeceGreece: -1.21 %-1.21PolandPoland: -1.43 %-1.43CzechiaCzechia: -1.81 %-1.81
%. Source: World Bank. Retrieved 2026-10-09.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2021 (%)Change on 2020
1Luxembourg1.52-0.15 pts
2Ireland1.4+0.13 pts
3Cyprus1.15-0.05 pts
4Portugal0.63+0.52 pts
5Sweden0.6-0.12 pts
6Netherlands0.52-0.03 pts
7Malta0.51-1.76 pts
8Austria0.44+0.02 pts
9Denmark0.43+0.14 pts
10Belgium0.41-0.02 pts
11France0.36+0.03 pts
12Slovenia0.27-0.4 pts
13Finland0.21+0.06 pts
14Spain0.18-0.33 pts
15Estonia0.11-0.09 pts
16Germany0.04-0.04 pts
17Lithuania-0.07-0.05 pts
18Slovakia-0.21-0.3 pts
19Hungary-0.41-0.16 pts
20Italy-0.52-0.03 pts
21Bulgaria-0.66+0.34 pts
22Romania-0.75-0.2 pts
23Latvia-0.84-0.14 pts
24Croatia-0.9-0.01 pts
25Greece-1.21-0.99 pts
26Poland-1.43-0.24 pts
27Czechia-1.81-2.06 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Exponential rate of change of the mid-year population from the previous year to the reported year, as a percentage. Includes births, deaths and migration.

Total change, not natural increase (births minus deaths). World Bank series.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW. Retrieved 2026-10-09.

Use this data in your AI agent

Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:

Rank EU countries by population growth using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"population_growth","level":"country","within":"European Union (27)","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=population_growth&level=country&within=European%20Union%20(27)&limit=10

Connect Claude, ChatGPT or Cursor in one step. The trial answers 25 calls a day without an account.

Questions

Which EU country has the highest population growth?

Luxembourg, with 1.52% in 2021, according to the World Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest population growth?

Czechia, with -1.81% in 2021.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW). Retrieved 2026-10-09.

Population growth rate: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings