Data / Rankings / GNI per capita, PPP / EU countries

EU countries by GNI per capita, PPP

Luxembourg had the highest GNI per capita, PPP of 27 EU countries in 2023, at 103,490 international $. Bulgaria had the lowest, at 36,930 international $. The median was 55,480 international $. Source: the World Bank.

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Highest103,490Luxembourg
Lowest36,930Bulgaria
Median55,48027 EU countries

Map of EU countries, 2023

Austria: 74,770 international $Belgium: 73,990 international $Bulgaria: 36,930 international $Cyprus: 53,610 international $Czechia: 54,000 international $Germany: 74,600 international $Denmark: 79,920 international $Estonia: 47,550 international $Spain: 55,480 international $Finland: 63,600 international $France: 62,340 international $Greece: 41,410 international $Croatia: 47,710 international $Hungary: 44,980 international $Ireland: 99,430 international $Italy: 60,050 international $Lithuania: 51,120 international $Luxembourg: 103,490 international $Latvia: 41,800 international $Malta: 58,950 international $Netherlands: 80,530 international $Poland: 46,500 international $Portugal: 48,510 international $Romania: 44,840 international $Sweden: 71,710 international $Slovenia: 55,570 international $Slovakia: 44,220 international $
  • Under 45K
  • 45K to 52K
  • 52K to 60K
  • 60K to 74K
  • 74K and over
international $, 2023. Source: World Bank, GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2023

Luxembourg: 103,490 international $Luxembourg103,490Ireland: 99,430 international $Ireland99,430Netherlands: 80,530 international $Netherlands80,530Denmark: 79,920 international $Denmark79,920Austria: 74,770 international $Austria74,770Germany: 74,600 international $Germany74,600Belgium: 73,990 international $Belgium73,990Sweden: 71,710 international $Sweden71,710Finland: 63,600 international $Finland63,600France: 62,340 international $France62,340Italy: 60,050 international $Italy60,050Malta: 58,950 international $Malta58,950Slovenia: 55,570 international $Slovenia55,570Spain: 55,480 international $Spain55,480Czechia: 54,000 international $Czechia54,000Cyprus: 53,610 international $Cyprus53,610Lithuania: 51,120 international $Lithuania51,120Portugal: 48,510 international $Portugal48,510Croatia: 47,710 international $Croatia47,710Estonia: 47,550 international $Estonia47,550Poland: 46,500 international $Poland46,500Hungary: 44,980 international $Hungary44,980Romania: 44,840 international $Romania44,840Slovakia: 44,220 international $Slovakia44,220Latvia: 41,800 international $Latvia41,800Greece: 41,410 international $Greece41,410Bulgaria: 36,930 international $Bulgaria36,930Luxembourg: 103,490 international $Luxembourg103,490Ireland: 99,430 international $Ireland99,430Netherlands: 80,530 international $Netherlands80,530Denmark: 79,920 international $Denmark79,920Austria: 74,770 international $Austria74,770Germany: 74,600 international $Germany74,600Belgium: 73,990 international $Belgium73,990Sweden: 71,710 international $Sweden71,710Finland: 63,600 international $Finland63,600France: 62,340 international $France62,340Italy: 60,050 international $Italy60,050Malta: 58,950 international $Malta58,950Slovenia: 55,570 international $Slovenia55,570Spain: 55,480 international $Spain55,480Czechia: 54,000 international $Czechia54,000Cyprus: 53,610 international $Cyprus53,610Lithuania: 51,120 international $Lithuania51,120Portugal: 48,510 international $Portugal48,510Croatia: 47,710 international $Croatia47,710Estonia: 47,550 international $Estonia47,550Poland: 46,500 international $Poland46,500Hungary: 44,980 international $Hungary44,980Romania: 44,840 international $Romania44,840Slovakia: 44,220 international $Slovakia44,220Latvia: 41,800 international $Latvia41,800Greece: 41,410 international $Greece41,410Bulgaria: 36,930 international $Bulgaria36,930
international $. Source: World Bank, GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2023
international $		Change on 2022
1Luxembourg103,490+8.9%
2Ireland99,430+5.1%
3Netherlands80,530+3.6%
4Denmark79,920-1%
5Austria74,770+3.2%
6Germany74,600+4%
7Belgium73,990+6.1%
8Sweden71,710+3.5%
9Finland63,600+1.5%
10France62,340+6.1%
11Italy60,050+3.9%
12Malta58,950+6.6%
13Slovenia55,570+8%
14Spain55,480+7.2%
15Czechia54,000+6.3%
16Cyprus53,610+6.1%
17Lithuania51,120+5.1%
18Portugal48,510+9.2%
19Croatia47,710+13.7%
20Estonia47,550+1%
21Poland46,500+3.5%
22Hungary44,980+4.6%
23Romania44,840+10.1%
24Slovakia44,220+9.6%
25Latvia41,800+4.9%
26Greece41,410+6.4%
27Bulgaria36,930+7.5%

Other periods

About this ranking

Gross national income (GDP plus net primary income from abroad) per person, converted to current international dollars with purchasing power parities from the World Bank International Comparison Program.

Income of residents rather than output, so it is well below GDP per capita where profits flow abroad (Ireland, Luxembourg). The World Bank rebases the series with each ICP round, so past years change. For the Atlas method see gni_per_capita_atlas_usd.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

World Bank. (2026). GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD) (EU countries by GNI per capita, PPP, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD

MLA 9

GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD), EU countries by GNI per capita, PPP, 2023. World Bank, 8 Oct. 2026, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gni-per-capita-ppp/eu-countries?period=2023. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

World Bank. 2026. GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD). EU countries by GNI per capita, PPP, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gni-per-capita-ppp/eu-countries?period=2023.

Harvard

World Bank (2026) GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD), EU countries by GNI per capita, PPP, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/gni-per-capita-ppp/eu-countries?period=2023 (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{world_eu_countries_by_gni_2023,
  author = {{World Bank}},
  title = {{GNI per capita, PPP (current international \$) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD): EU countries by GNI per capita, PPP, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gni-per-capita-ppp/eu-countries?period=2023. Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. GNI per capita, PPP (current international \$) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - World Bank
TI  - GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD): EU countries by GNI per capita, PPP, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - World Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/gni-per-capita-ppp/eu-countries?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gni-per-capita-ppp/eu-countries?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest GNI per capita, PPP?

Luxembourg, with 103,490 international $ in 2023, according to the World Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest GNI per capita, PPP?

Bulgaria, with 36,930 international $ in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

GNI per capita, PPP: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings