Data / Rankings / Energy import dependency / EU countries

EU countries by energy import dependency

Malta had the highest energy import dependency of 27 EU countries in 2018, at 97.5%. Estonia had the lowest, at 1.2%. The median was 59.5% and the figure for the European Union (27) was 58.1%. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

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Highest97.5Malta
Lowest1.2Estonia
Median59.527 EU countries
European Union (27)58.1History

Map of EU countries, 2018

Austria: 64.2 %Belgium: 83 %Bulgaria: 36.6 %Cyprus: 92.5 %Czechia: 36.9 %Germany: 63.5 %Denmark: 22.7 %Estonia: 1.2 %Spain: 73.6 %Finland: 45.2 %France: 46.7 %Greece: 70.7 %Croatia: 52.7 %Hungary: 58.1 %Ireland: 67.6 %Italy: 76.3 %Lithuania: 73.9 %Luxembourg: 95.2 %Latvia: 44.3 %Malta: 97.5 %Netherlands: 59.5 %Poland: 43.5 %Portugal: 75.7 %Romania: 24.3 %Sweden: 29.1 %Slovenia: 51.1 %Slovakia: 61.9 %
  • Under 38
  • 38 to 52
  • 52 to 64
  • 64 to 75
  • 75 and over
%, 2018. Source: Eurostat, Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2018

Malta: 97.5 %Malta97.5Luxembourg: 95.2 %Luxembourg95.2Cyprus: 92.5 %Cyprus92.5Belgium: 83 %Belgium83Italy: 76.3 %Italy76.3Portugal: 75.7 %Portugal75.7Lithuania: 73.9 %Lithuania73.9Spain: 73.6 %Spain73.6Greece: 70.7 %Greece70.7Ireland: 67.6 %Ireland67.6Austria: 64.2 %Austria64.2Germany: 63.5 %Germany63.5Slovakia: 61.9 %Slovakia61.9Netherlands: 59.5 %Netherlands59.5Hungary: 58.1 %Hungary58.1Croatia: 52.7 %Croatia52.7Slovenia: 51.1 %Slovenia51.1France: 46.7 %France46.7Finland: 45.2 %Finland45.2Latvia: 44.3 %Latvia44.3Poland: 43.5 %Poland43.5Czechia: 36.9 %Czechia36.9Bulgaria: 36.6 %Bulgaria36.6Sweden: 29.1 %Sweden29.1Romania: 24.3 %Romania24.3Denmark: 22.7 %Denmark22.7Estonia: 1.2 %Estonia1.2Malta: 97.5 %Malta97.5Luxembourg: 95.2 %Luxembourg95.2Cyprus: 92.5 %Cyprus92.5Belgium: 83 %Belgium83Italy: 76.3 %Italy76.3Portugal: 75.7 %Portugal75.7Lithuania: 73.9 %Lithuania73.9Spain: 73.6 %Spain73.6Greece: 70.7 %Greece70.7Ireland: 67.6 %Ireland67.6Austria: 64.2 %Austria64.2Germany: 63.5 %Germany63.5Slovakia: 61.9 %Slovakia61.9Netherlands: 59.5 %Netherlands59.5Hungary: 58.1 %Hungary58.1Croatia: 52.7 %Croatia52.7Slovenia: 51.1 %Slovenia51.1France: 46.7 %France46.7Finland: 45.2 %Finland45.2Latvia: 44.3 %Latvia44.3Poland: 43.5 %Poland43.5Czechia: 36.9 %Czechia36.9Bulgaria: 36.6 %Bulgaria36.6Sweden: 29.1 %Sweden29.1Romania: 24.3 %Romania24.3Denmark: 22.7 %Denmark22.7Estonia: 1.2 %Estonia1.2
%. Source: Eurostat, Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2018 (%)Change on 2017
1Malta97.5-5.5 pts
2Luxembourg95.2-0.4 pts
3Cyprus92.5-3.4 pts
4Belgium83+7.7 pts
5Italy76.3-0.6 pts
6Portugal75.7-2.3 pts
7Lithuania73.9+1.9 pts
8Spain73.6-0.3 pts
9Greece70.7-0.6 pts
10Ireland67.6+1.6 pts
11Austria64.2+0.3 pts
12Germany63.5-0.5 pts
13Slovakia61.9-0.6 pts
14Netherlands59.5+7.8 pts
15Hungary58.1-4.5 pts
16Croatia52.7-0.5 pts
17Slovenia51.1+0.4 pts
18France46.7-2 pts
19Finland45.2+1.4 pts
20Latvia44.3+0.3 pts
21Poland43.5+5.3 pts
22Czechia36.9-0.3 pts
23Bulgaria36.6-2.8 pts
24Sweden29.1+2.4 pts
25Romania24.3+1 pts
26Denmark22.7+11.4 pts
27Estonia1.2-3.4 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Net energy imports (imports minus exports) as a percentage of gross available energy, all fuels.

A negative value means the country is a net exporter of energy. Values above 100 occur when imports also cover fuel stocks built up or fuel sold to international ships and aircraft.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id) (EU countries by energy import dependency, 2018) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table

MLA 9

Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id), EU countries by energy import dependency, 2018. Eurostat, European Commission, 16 July 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2018. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). EU countries by energy import dependency, 2018. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2018.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id), EU countries by energy import dependency, 2018 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2018 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_eu_countries_by_energy_2018,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg\_ind\_id): EU countries by energy import dependency, 2018}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2018. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg\_ind\_id). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg\_ind\_id/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id): EU countries by energy import dependency, 2018
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/16
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2018
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2018.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest energy import dependency?

Malta, with 97.5% in 2018, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which EU country has the lowest energy import dependency?

Estonia, with 1.2% in 2018.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

EU countries: more rankings