Data / Rankings / Energy import dependency / EU countries

EU countries by energy import dependency, 2024

Malta had the highest energy import dependency of 27 EU countries in 2024, at 98.4%. Estonia had the lowest, at 4.6%. The median was 53.5% and the figure for the European Union (27) was 57.3%. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

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Highest98.4Malta
Lowest4.6Estonia
Median53.527 EU countries
European Union (27)57.3History

Map of EU countries, 2024

Austria: 53.3 %Belgium: 75.4 %Bulgaria: 41.9 %Cyprus: 87.7 %Czechia: 39.3 %Germany: 66.8 %Denmark: 38.2 %Estonia: 4.6 %Spain: 68.9 %Finland: 33 %France: 41.7 %Greece: 77.7 %Croatia: 59.9 %Hungary: 48.9 %Ireland: 79.5 %Italy: 73.9 %Lithuania: 66 %Luxembourg: 91 %Latvia: 29.3 %Malta: 98.4 %Netherlands: 70.6 %Poland: 45.7 %Portugal: 64.5 %Romania: 30.4 %Sweden: 26.5 %Slovenia: 46.4 %Slovakia: 53.5 %
  • Under 38
  • 38 to 47
  • 47 to 65
  • 65 to 75
  • 75 and over
%, 2024. Source: Eurostat, Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2024

Malta: 98.4 %Malta98.4Luxembourg: 91 %Luxembourg91Cyprus: 87.7 %Cyprus87.7Ireland: 79.5 %Ireland79.5Greece: 77.7 %Greece77.7Belgium: 75.4 %Belgium75.4Italy: 73.9 %Italy73.9Netherlands: 70.6 %Netherlands70.6Spain: 68.9 %Spain68.9Germany: 66.8 %Germany66.8Lithuania: 66 %Lithuania66Portugal: 64.5 %Portugal64.5Croatia: 59.9 %Croatia59.9Slovakia: 53.5 %Slovakia53.5Austria: 53.3 %Austria53.3Hungary: 48.9 %Hungary48.9Slovenia: 46.4 %Slovenia46.4Poland: 45.7 %Poland45.7Bulgaria: 41.9 %Bulgaria41.9France: 41.7 %France41.7Czechia: 39.3 %Czechia39.3Denmark: 38.2 %Denmark38.2Finland: 33 %Finland33Romania: 30.4 %Romania30.4Latvia: 29.3 %Latvia29.3Sweden: 26.5 %Sweden26.5Estonia: 4.6 %Estonia4.6Malta: 98.4 %Malta98.4Luxembourg: 91 %Luxembourg91Cyprus: 87.7 %Cyprus87.7Ireland: 79.5 %Ireland79.5Greece: 77.7 %Greece77.7Belgium: 75.4 %Belgium75.4Italy: 73.9 %Italy73.9Netherlands: 70.6 %Netherlands70.6Spain: 68.9 %Spain68.9Germany: 66.8 %Germany66.8Lithuania: 66 %Lithuania66Portugal: 64.5 %Portugal64.5Croatia: 59.9 %Croatia59.9Slovakia: 53.5 %Slovakia53.5Austria: 53.3 %Austria53.3Hungary: 48.9 %Hungary48.9Slovenia: 46.4 %Slovenia46.4Poland: 45.7 %Poland45.7Bulgaria: 41.9 %Bulgaria41.9France: 41.7 %France41.7Czechia: 39.3 %Czechia39.3Denmark: 38.2 %Denmark38.2Finland: 33 %Finland33Romania: 30.4 %Romania30.4Latvia: 29.3 %Latvia29.3Sweden: 26.5 %Sweden26.5Estonia: 4.6 %Estonia4.6
%. Source: Eurostat, Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2024 (%)Change on 2023
1Malta98.4+0.8 pts
2Luxembourg91-0.4 pts
3Cyprus87.7-4.5 pts
4Ireland79.5+1.8 pts
5Greece77.7+2.3 pts
6Belgium75.4-0.3 pts
7Italy73.9-1.5 pts
8Netherlands70.6+0.2 pts
9Spain68.9+0.6 pts
10Germany66.8-0 pts
11Lithuania66-3.5 pts
12Portugal64.5-2.3 pts
13Croatia59.9+4.2 pts
14Slovakia53.5-4.9 pts
15Austria53.3-7 pts
16Hungary48.9-13.1 pts
17Slovenia46.4-2.9 pts
18Poland45.7-2.3 pts
19Bulgaria41.9+2.4 pts
20France41.7-3.1 pts
21Czechia39.3-2.4 pts
22Denmark38.2-1.5 pts
23Finland33+3.3 pts
24Romania30.4+2.5 pts
25Latvia29.3-3.5 pts
26Sweden26.5+0.1 pts
27Estonia4.6+1.2 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Net energy imports (imports minus exports) as a percentage of gross available energy, all fuels.

A negative value means the country is a net exporter of energy. Values above 100 occur when imports also cover fuel stocks built up or fuel sold to international ships and aircraft.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id) (EU countries by energy import dependency, 2024) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table

MLA 9

Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id), EU countries by energy import dependency, 2024. Eurostat, European Commission, 16 July 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). EU countries by energy import dependency, 2024. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id), EU countries by energy import dependency, 2024 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_eu_countries_by_energy_2024,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg\_ind\_id): EU countries by energy import dependency, 2024}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg\_ind\_id). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg\_ind\_id/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id): EU countries by energy import dependency, 2024
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/16
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest energy import dependency?

Malta, with 98.4% in 2024, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which EU country has the lowest energy import dependency?

Estonia, with 4.6% in 2024.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

EU countries: more rankings