EU countries by energy import dependency

Malta had the highest energy import dependency of 27 EU countries in 2016, at 101.1%. Estonia had the lowest, at 8.1%. The median was 55.8% and the figure for the European Union (27) was 56.1%. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest101.1Malta

Lowest8.1Estonia

Median55.827 EU countries

European Union (27)56.1History

Map of EU countries, 2016

Under 34
34 to 48
48 to 63
63 to 74
74 and over

%, 2016. Source: Eurostat, Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2016

%. Source: Eurostat, Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	EU countries	2016 (%)	Change on 2015
1	Malta	101.1	+3.8 pts
2	Luxembourg	96.3	+0.3 pts
3	Cyprus	95.8	-1.5 pts
4	Italy	77.7	+0.6 pts
5	Belgium	76	-8.2 pts
6	Lithuania	74.8	-0.7 pts
7	Greece	72.9	+1.9 pts
8	Portugal	72.2	-4.1 pts
9	Spain	71.5	-1.3 pts
10	Ireland	69	-19.7 pts
11	Germany	63.8	+1.6 pts
12	Austria	62.1	+1.7 pts
13	Slovakia	58.2	+0.2 pts
14	Hungary	55.8	+1.9 pts
15	Slovenia	48.9	-0.3 pts
16	Croatia	48.4	-0.4 pts
17	France	47.3	+1.4 pts
18	Latvia	47.2	-4 pts
19	Finland	46.1	-1.8 pts
20	Netherlands	45.9	-2.5 pts
21	Bulgaria	38.5	+2 pts
22	Sweden	33.3	+3.2 pts
23	Czechia	32.8	+0.7 pts
24	Poland	30.7	+0.9 pts
25	Romania	21.9	+5.2 pts
26	Denmark	13.6	+0.5 pts
27	Estonia	8.1	-3.1 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Net energy imports (imports minus exports) as a percentage of gross available energy, all fuels.

A negative value means the country is a net exporter of energy. Values above 100 occur when imports also cover fuel stocks built up or fuel sold to international ships and aircraft.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id) (EU countries by energy import dependency, 2016) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table

MLA 9

Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id), EU countries by energy import dependency, 2016. Eurostat, European Commission, 16 July 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2016. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). EU countries by energy import dependency, 2016. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2016.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id), EU countries by energy import dependency, 2016 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2016 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{eurostat_eu_countries_by_energy_2016,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg\_ind\_id): EU countries by energy import dependency, 2016}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2016. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg\_ind\_id). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg\_ind\_id/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id): EU countries by energy import dependency, 2016
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/16
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2016
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/energy-import-dependency/eu-countries?period=2016.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_id/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Rank EU countries by energy import dependency using official data, and cite the source.

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Questions

Which EU country has the highest energy import dependency?

Malta, with 101.1% in 2016, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which EU country has the lowest energy import dependency?

Estonia, with 8.1% in 2016.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Energy imports dependency, all products (nrg_ind_id). Retrieved 2026-10-12.