Data / Environment and emissions / The United States

Environment and emissions in the United States

The latest figures for 5 indicators in the United States, how the states compare, and the source of each figure.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

Average annual temperature

Average annual temperature in the United States was 54.6 °F in 2025, down 0.9 °F from 2024.

Of 50 states in 2025, Florida had the highest average annual temperature (72.3 °F) and Alaska the lowest (29.6 °F).

United States, 202554.6 °FDown 0.9 °F from 2024History
Highest, 202572.3 °FFlorida
Lowest, 202529.6 °FAlaska
Florida: 72.3 °FFlorida72.3Louisiana: 68.6 °FLouisiana68.6Texas: 67.8 °FTexas67.8Hawaii: 67 °FHawaii67Mississippi: 65.9 °FMississippi65.9Georgia: 64.9 °FGeorgia64.9Alabama: 64.5 °FAlabama64.5South Carolina: 63.7 °FSouth Carolina63.7Arizona: 62.8 °FArizona62.8Arkansas: 62.6 °FArkansas62.6
Top 10 states, 2025. °F. Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

Highest and lowest states

Full ranking of states. Sources: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December average temperature, contiguous US and statewide; NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December average temperature, contiguous US and statewide.

Expected annual loss from natural hazards (FEMA National Risk Index)

Of 51 states in 2025, California had the highest expected annual loss from natural hazards ($30,194,921,299) and Rhode Island the lowest ($216,763,372).

Highest, 2025$30,194,921,299California
Lowest, 2025$216,763,372Rhode Island
California: 30,194,921,299 USDCalifornia30,194,921,299Texas: 12,347,225,288 USDTexas12,347,225,288Florida: 8,785,878,974 USDFlorida8,785,878,974Illinois: 6,410,338,020 USDIllinois6,410,338,020Washington: 4,688,943,879 USDWashington4,688,943,879North Carolina: 4,429,515,350 USDNorth Carolina4,429,515,350New York: 4,272,807,885 USDNew York4,272,807,885Pennsylvania: 4,069,174,295 USDPennsylvania4,069,174,295Missouri: 3,937,739,989 USDMissouri3,937,739,989Arizona: 3,600,033,951 USDArizona3,600,033,951
Top 10 states, 2025. USD. Source: Federal Emergency Management Agency.

Highest and lowest states

Full ranking of states. Sources: Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Risk Index Counties and States, Expected Annual Loss Total Composite (EAL_VALT).

Annual precipitation

Annual precipitation in the United States was 29.26 inches in 2025, down 7.5% from 2024.

Of 50 states in 2025, Kentucky had the highest annual precipitation (57.49 inches) and Nevada the lowest (9.41 inches).

United States, 202529.26 inchesDown 7.5% from 2024History
Highest, 202557.49 inchesKentucky
Lowest, 20259.41 inchesNevada
Kentucky: 57.49 inchesKentucky57.49Tennessee: 53.42 inchesTennessee53.42Louisiana: 53.05 inchesLouisiana53.05Mississippi: 52.37 inchesMississippi52.37Alabama: 51.8 inchesAlabama51.8Arkansas: 51.56 inchesArkansas51.56West Virginia: 45.08 inchesWest Virginia45.08Rhode Island: 44.81 inchesRhode Island44.81Florida: 44.66 inchesFlorida44.66North Carolina: 44.61 inchesNorth Carolina44.61
Top 10 states, 2025. inches. Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

Highest and lowest states

Full ranking of states. Sources: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December precipitation, contiguous US and statewide; NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December precipitation, contiguous US and statewide.

Heating degree days

Heating degree days in the United States were 4,062 degree days (base 65°F) in 2025, up 9.2% from 2024.

Of 48 states in 2025, North Dakota had the most heating degree days (8,828 degree days (base 65°F)) and Florida the fewest (614 degree days (base 65°F)).

United States, 20254,062 degree days (base 65°F)Up 9.2% from 2024History
Highest, 20258,828 degree days (base 65°F)North Dakota
Lowest, 2025614 degree days (base 65°F)Florida
North Dakota: 8,828 degree days (base 65°F)North Dakota8,828Minnesota: 8,152 degree days (base 65°F)Minnesota8,152Montana: 8,014 degree days (base 65°F)Montana8,014Vermont: 7,911 degree days (base 65°F)Vermont7,911Maine: 7,662 degree days (base 65°F)Maine7,662Wyoming: 7,590 degree days (base 65°F)Wyoming7,590New Hampshire: 7,368 degree days (base 65°F)New Hampshire7,368Wisconsin: 7,344 degree days (base 65°F)Wisconsin7,344South Dakota: 7,159 degree days (base 65°F)South Dakota7,159Michigan: 6,634 degree days (base 65°F)Michigan6,634
Top 10 states, 2025. degree days (base 65°F). Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

Highest and lowest states

  • Texas1,517 degree days (base 65°F)
  • Louisiana1,442 degree days (base 65°F)
  • Florida614 degree days (base 65°F)

Full ranking of states. Sources: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide; NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide.

Cooling degree days

Cooling degree days in the United States were 1,502 degree days (base 65°F) in 2025, down 6.1% from 2024.

Of 48 states in 2025, Florida had the most cooling degree days (3,882 degree days (base 65°F)) and Montana the fewest (237 degree days (base 65°F)).

United States, 20251,502 degree days (base 65°F)Down 6.1% from 2024History
Highest, 20253,882 degree days (base 65°F)Florida
Lowest, 2025237 degree days (base 65°F)Montana

Highest and lowest states

  • Florida3,882 degree days (base 65°F)
  • Arizona3,330 degree days (base 65°F)
  • Texas3,219 degree days (base 65°F)

Full ranking of states. Sources: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December cooling degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide; NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December cooling degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide.

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December average temperature, contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/national/time-series/110/tavg/12/12/1895-2026/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  2. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December average temperature, contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/8/tavg/12/12/1895-2025/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  3. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Risk Index Dataset: National Risk Index Counties and States, Expected Annual Loss Total Composite (EAL_VALT). https://fema.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=39485e8035d446a5bff03259508ae355. Retrieved 2026-10-12. This product uses the FEMA National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
  4. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December precipitation, contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/national/time-series/110/pcp/12/12/1895-2026/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  5. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December precipitation, contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/15/pcp/12/12/1895-2025/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  6. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/national/time-series/110/hdd/12/12/1895-2026/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  7. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32/hdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  8. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December cooling degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/national/time-series/110/cdd/12/12/1895-2026/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  9. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December cooling degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/8/cdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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