US states by nonemployer business receipts: health care and social assistance

California had the highest nonemployer business receipts: health care and social assistance of 51 states in 2023, at $13.41 billion. North Dakota had the lowest, at $166.55 million. The median was $983.77 million and the figure for the United States was $95.79 billion. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest13,405.5California

Lowest166.6North Dakota

Median983.851 states

United States95,785.9History

Map of states, 2023

Under 300
300 to 600
600 to 1,000
1,000 to 1,900
1,900 to 2,500
2,500 and over

USD million, 2023. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2023

USD million. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2023 USD million	Change on 2022
1	California	13,405.5	+7.8%
2	Florida	10,085.8	+10.5%
3	Texas	8,118.2	+3.4%
4	New York	7,996.6	+7.5%
5	Illinois	3,286.2	+4.8%
6	New Jersey	3,259	+6.8%
7	Pennsylvania	2,919.5	+7.5%
8	Georgia	2,662	+2.8%
9	Massachusetts	2,557.3	+9.1%
10	Michigan	2,534	+2.8%
11	Ohio	2,499.1	+5.4%
12	Maryland	2,321.5	+5.2%
13	Washington	2,270.1	+13.8%
14	Arizona	2,267.8	+9.9%
15	North Carolina	2,199.3	+4.2%
16	Virginia	2,014.7	+7%
17	Tennessee	1,935.9	+5.4%
18	Colorado	1,888.7	+9.9%
19	Connecticut	1,334.4	+7.9%
20	Louisiana	1,278.7	-1.4%
21	Minnesota	1,269.3	+9.8%
22	Oregon	1,254.4	+9.9%
23	Indiana	1,153.6	+7.9%
24	Missouri	1,142.4	+5.1%
25	South Carolina	995.5	+3.6%
26	Nevada	983.8	+8.2%
27	Wisconsin	965.4	+6.4%
28	Alabama	935.4	+5.1%
29	Oklahoma	933.1	+8.3%
30	Kentucky	859.2	+6.1%
31	Utah	774.7	+14.8%
32	Arkansas	711.3	+10.2%
33	Kansas	684.9	+8.6%
34	Mississippi	664.8	+0.7%
35	Iowa	577.9	+3.3%
36	Hawaii	554.9	+5.3%
37	New Mexico	517.4	+9.8%
38	Idaho	460.7	+6.5%
39	Nebraska	441.2	+9.7%
40	New Hampshire	363.4	+10.1%
41	Maine	343.9	+8.8%
42	West Virginia	279.3	+7.1%
43	Rhode Island	279.1	+8%
44	Montana	276.9	+8.3%
45	District of Columbia	271.3	+5.9%
46	Delaware	255	+8.5%
47	Vermont	234.1	+8.4%
48	South Dakota	209.4	+8.2%
49	Alaska	205.5	+11.7%
50	Wyoming	187.3	+12.5%
51	North Dakota	166.6	+5.2%

Other periods

About this ranking

Receipts of businesses without paid employees in health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), in millions of current US dollars, from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year. Receipts are published in thousands of dollars with noise added to protect individual businesses, and are not adjusted for inflation.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2025). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes (US states by nonemployer business receipts: health care and social assistance, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: health care and social assistance, 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 15 May 2025, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-health-care/us-states?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2025. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes. US states by nonemployer business receipts: health care and social assistance, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-health-care/us-states?period=2023.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2025) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: health care and social assistance, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-health-care/us-states?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: health care and social assistance, 2023}},
  year = {2025},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-health-care/us-states?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: health care and social assistance, 2023
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/05/15
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-health-care/us-states?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-health-care/us-states?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer business receipts: health care and social assistance?

California, with $13.41 billion in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer business receipts: health care and social assistance?

North Dakota, with $166.55 million in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.