Data / Rankings / Population growth rate / EU countries

EU countries by population growth

Malta had the highest population growth of 27 EU countries in 2023, at 3.99%. Poland had the lowest, at -0.37%. The median was 0.5%. Source: the World Bank.

Highest3.99Malta
Lowest-0.37Poland
Median0.527 EU countries

All EU countries, 2023

CSVChart (SVG)

MaltaMalta: 3.99 %3.99LuxembourgLuxembourg: 2.02 %2.02IrelandIreland: 1.88 %1.88CzechiaCzechia: 1.78 %1.78EstoniaEstonia: 1.58 %1.58LithuaniaLithuania: 1.4 %1.4PortugalPortugal: 1.37 %1.37SpainSpain: 1.18 %1.18CyprusCyprus: 1.02 %1.02NetherlandsNetherlands: 0.99 %0.99AustriaAustria: 0.99 %0.99BelgiumBelgium: 0.85 %0.85DenmarkDenmark: 0.74 %0.74FinlandFinland: 0.5 %0.5SwedenSweden: 0.47 %0.47SloveniaSlovenia: 0.4 %0.4FranceFrance: 0.28 %0.28LatviaLatvia: 0.23 %0.23GermanyGermany: 0.13 %0.13CroatiaCroatia: 0.1 %0.1RomaniaRomania: 0.07 %0.07ItalyItaly: -0.05 %-0.05SlovakiaSlovakia: -0.09 %-0.09HungaryHungary: -0.13 %-0.13BulgariaBulgaria: -0.29 %-0.29GreeceGreece: -0.29 %-0.29PolandPoland: -0.37 %-0.37
%. Source: World Bank. Retrieved 2026-10-09.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2023 (%)Change on 2022
1Malta3.99+1.52 pts
2Luxembourg2.020 pts
3Ireland1.88-0.11 pts
4Czechia1.78+0.21 pts
5Estonia1.58+0.24 pts
6Lithuania1.4+0.58 pts
7Portugal1.37+0.67 pts
8Spain1.18+0.46 pts
9Cyprus1.02-0.04 pts
10Netherlands0.99+0.04 pts
11Austria0.99+0.03 pts
12Belgium0.85+0.04 pts
13Denmark0.74-0.05 pts
14Finland0.5+0.23 pts
15Sweden0.47-0.21 pts
16Slovenia0.4+0.21 pts
17France0.28-0.23 pts
18Latvia0.23+0.5 pts
19Germany0.13+0.15 pts
20Croatia0.1+0.71 pts
21Romania0.07+0.45 pts
22Italy-0.05+0.15 pts
23Slovakia-0.09+0.19 pts
24Hungary-0.13+0.13 pts
25Bulgaria-0.29+0.36 pts
26Greece-0.29+0.97 pts
27Poland-0.37+0.07 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Exponential rate of change of the mid-year population from the previous year to the reported year, as a percentage. Includes births, deaths and migration.

Total change, not natural increase (births minus deaths). World Bank series.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW. Retrieved 2026-10-09.

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Questions

Which EU country has the highest population growth?

Malta, with 3.99% in 2023, according to the World Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest population growth?

Poland, with -0.37% in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW). Retrieved 2026-10-09.

Population growth rate: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings