Data / Rankings / Labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) / Cities in Michigan

Cities in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)

Ferndale, MI had the highest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) of 90 cities in 2022, at 80.8%. Hamtramck, MI had the lowest, at 45.9%. The median was 63.6% and the figure for Michigan was 61.5%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Keep it in a collection in your library.
Highest80.8Ferndale, MI
Lowest45.9Hamtramck, MI
Median63.690 cities
Michigan61.5History

Top 40 cities, 2022

Ferndale, MI: 80.8 %Ferndale, MI80.8Wixom, MI: 78.5 %Wixom, MI78.5Berkley, MI: 76.1 %Berkley, MI76.1Royal Oak, MI: 75.5 %Royal Oak, MI75.5Grosse Pointe Park, MI: 72.7 %Grosse Pointe Park, MI72.7Grandville, MI: 72.2 %Grandville, MI72.2East Grand Rapids, MI: 71.9 %East Grand Rapids, MI71.9Kentwood, MI: 71.6 %Kentwood, MI71.6Wyoming, MI: 70.7 %Wyoming, MI70.7Walker, MI: 70.6 %Walker, MI70.6Birmingham, MI: 69.5 %Birmingham, MI69.5Clawson, MI: 69.3 %Clawson, MI69.3Auburn Hills, MI: 69.1 %Auburn Hills, MI69.1Portage, MI: 69 %Portage, MI69Madison Heights, MI: 68.8 %Madison Heights, MI68.8Grand Rapids, MI: 68.7 %Grand Rapids, MI68.7South Lyon, MI: 68.5 %South Lyon, MI68.5Novi, MI: 68.2 %Novi, MI68.2Hazel Park, MI: 68.2 %Hazel Park, MI68.2Fenton, MI: 67.7 %Fenton, MI67.7Farmington, MI: 67.6 %Farmington, MI67.6Lansing, MI: 67.5 %Lansing, MI67.5Oak Park, MI: 67.3 %Oak Park, MI67.3Farmington Hills, MI: 67.2 %Farmington Hills, MI67.2Grosse Pointe Woods, MI: 67 %Grosse Pointe Woods, MI67Rochester, MI: 66.6 %Rochester, MI66.6Harper Woods, MI: 66 %Harper Woods, MI66Kalamazoo, MI: 65.9 %Kalamazoo, MI65.9Beverly Hills, MI: 65.7 %Beverly Hills, MI65.7Owosso, MI: 65.4 %Owosso, MI65.4Garden City, MI: 65.4 %Garden City, MI65.4Sturgis, MI: 65.3 %Sturgis, MI65.3New Baltimore, MI: 65.2 %New Baltimore, MI65.2Holland, MI: 65.2 %Holland, MI65.2Ypsilanti, MI: 65.2 %Ypsilanti, MI65.2Roseville, MI: 65 %Roseville, MI65Flat Rock, MI: 64.9 %Flat Rock, MI64.9Fraser, MI: 64.9 %Fraser, MI64.9Romulus, MI: 64.6 %Romulus, MI64.6Troy, MI: 64.5 %Troy, MI64.5Ferndale, MI: 80.8 %Ferndale, MI80.8Wixom, MI: 78.5 %Wixom, MI78.5Berkley, MI: 76.1 %Berkley, MI76.1Royal Oak, MI: 75.5 %Royal Oak, MI75.5Grosse Pointe Park, MI: 72.7 %Grosse Pointe Park, MI72.7Grandville, MI: 72.2 %Grandville, MI72.2East Grand Rapids, MI: 71.9 %East Grand Rapids, MI71.9Kentwood, MI: 71.6 %Kentwood, MI71.6Wyoming, MI: 70.7 %Wyoming, MI70.7Walker, MI: 70.6 %Walker, MI70.6Birmingham, MI: 69.5 %Birmingham, MI69.5Clawson, MI: 69.3 %Clawson, MI69.3Auburn Hills, MI: 69.1 %Auburn Hills, MI69.1Portage, MI: 69 %Portage, MI69Madison Heights, MI: 68.8 %Madison Heights, MI68.8Grand Rapids, MI: 68.7 %Grand Rapids, MI68.7South Lyon, MI: 68.5 %South Lyon, MI68.5Novi, MI: 68.2 %Novi, MI68.2Hazel Park, MI: 68.2 %Hazel Park, MI68.2Fenton, MI: 67.7 %Fenton, MI67.7Farmington, MI: 67.6 %Farmington, MI67.6Lansing, MI: 67.5 %Lansing, MI67.5Oak Park, MI: 67.3 %Oak Park, MI67.3Farmington Hills, MI: 67.2 %Farmington Hills, MI67.2Grosse Pointe Woods, MI: 67 %Grosse Pointe Woods, MI67Rochester, MI: 66.6 %Rochester, MI66.6Harper Woods, MI: 66 %Harper Woods, MI66Kalamazoo, MI: 65.9 %Kalamazoo, MI65.9Beverly Hills, MI: 65.7 %Beverly Hills, MI65.7Owosso, MI: 65.4 %Owosso, MI65.4Garden City, MI: 65.4 %Garden City, MI65.4Sturgis, MI: 65.3 %Sturgis, MI65.3New Baltimore, MI: 65.2 %New Baltimore, MI65.2Holland, MI: 65.2 %Holland, MI65.2Ypsilanti, MI: 65.2 %Ypsilanti, MI65.2Roseville, MI: 65 %Roseville, MI65Flat Rock, MI: 64.9 %Flat Rock, MI64.9Fraser, MI: 64.9 %Fraser, MI64.9Romulus, MI: 64.6 %Romulus, MI64.6Troy, MI: 64.5 %Troy, MI64.5
%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankCities2022 (%)Change on 2021
1Ferndale, MI80.8-0.9 pts
2Wixom, MI78.5-0.3 pts
3Berkley, MI76.1-0.2 pts
4Royal Oak, MI75.5-0.3 pts
5Grosse Pointe Park, MI72.7-0.7 pts
6Grandville, MI72.2-0.7 pts
7East Grand Rapids, MI71.9+0.3 pts
8Kentwood, MI71.6+0.9 pts
9Wyoming, MI70.7-0.1 pts
10Walker, MI70.6-0.9 pts
11Birmingham, MI69.5+0.5 pts
12Clawson, MI69.3+0.6 pts
13Auburn Hills, MI69.1-1.7 pts
14Portage, MI69+0.2 pts
15Madison Heights, MI68.8+0.1 pts
16Grand Rapids, MI68.7+0.3 pts
17South Lyon, MI68.5-0.5 pts
18Novi, MI68.2+0.1 pts
19Hazel Park, MI68.2+2 pts
20Fenton, MI67.7+1 pts
21Farmington, MI67.6+0.3 pts
22Lansing, MI67.5+0.7 pts
23Oak Park, MI67.3+1.7 pts
24Farmington Hills, MI67.2-0 pts
25Grosse Pointe Woods, MI67+0.1 pts
26Rochester, MI66.60 pts
27Harper Woods, MI66+1.6 pts
28Kalamazoo, MI65.9+0.5 pts
29Beverly Hills, MI65.7+0.6 pts
30Owosso, MI65.4+0.6 pts
31Garden City, MI65.4+0.8 pts
32Sturgis, MI65.3-0.6 pts
33New Baltimore, MI65.2+0.8 pts
34Holland, MI65.2-1.4 pts
35Ypsilanti, MI65.2-1.6 pts
36Roseville, MI65+0.5 pts
37Flat Rock, MI64.9+1.1 pts
37Fraser, MI64.9-0.7 pts
39Romulus, MI64.6-0.5 pts
40Troy, MI64.5+0.5 pts
41Rochester Hills, MI64.1+0.1 pts
42Marquette, MI64+0.8 pts
43St. Clair Shores, MI640 pts
44Warren, MI63.7+0.6 pts
45Sault Ste. Marie, MI63.7-0.1 pts
46Livonia, MI63.4-0.3 pts
47Niles, MI63.4-0.4 pts
48Traverse City, MI63.4+0.3 pts
49Allen Park, MI63.3-0.3 pts
50Westland, MI62.9-0.7 pts
51Wayne, MI62.9+0.2 pts
52Sterling Heights, MI62.3-0.4 pts
53Southgate, MI62.1-0.9 pts
54Battle Creek, MI61.7-0.1 pts
55Wyandotte, MI61.7-0.6 pts
56Mount Pleasant, MI61.6+1.8 pts
57Eastpointe, MI61.6-0 pts
58Southfield, MI61.4+0.4 pts
59Taylor, MI61.2-0.3 pts
60Norton Shores, MI61-2.5 pts
61Lincoln Park, MI60.9+1.2 pts
62Ann Arbor, MI60.9-0.9 pts
63Jackson, MI60.6-0.8 pts
64Bay City, MI60-1.7 pts
65Pontiac, MI59.7-1.3 pts
66Monroe, MI59.4-0.5 pts
67Midland, MI59.3-0.4 pts
68Burton, MI59.2-0.4 pts
69Port Huron, MI58.9-1.7 pts
70Mount Clemens, MI58.8+0.6 pts
71Grand Haven, MI58.6-0.3 pts
72Inkster, MI58.4-0.8 pts
73Riverview, MI58.4+1.7 pts
74Woodhaven, MI57.8-0.2 pts
75Trenton, MI57.5-0.9 pts
76Melvindale, MI57.3+2.7 pts
77Dearborn, MI56.7+0.9 pts
78Alpena, MI56.60 pts
79East Lansing, MI56.3+0.3 pts
80Dearborn Heights, MI55.9-0.6 pts
81Cadillac, MI55.4-2.2 pts
82Detroit, MI54.8+0.4 pts
83Flint, MI54.6+1 pts
84Saginaw, MI54.4+0.4 pts
85Adrian, MI52.4-1 pts
86Muskegon, MI52+0.1 pts
87Escanaba, MI51.6-0.4 pts
88Coldwater, MI49.9-0.8 pts
89Ionia, MI49+4.1 pts
90Hamtramck, MI45.9+1.6 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

People aged 16 and over in the labor force (employed, unemployed or in the Armed Forces) as a percentage of all people aged 16 and over, including people in group quarters. United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.

The Census Bureau definition used in its data profiles. It differs from the BLS labor_force_participation_rate, which counts the civilian noninstitutional population only.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the cities are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more) (Cities in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat

MLA 9

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), Cities in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-cities?period=2022. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Cities in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-cities?period=2022.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), Cities in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-cities?period=2022 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_cities_in_michigan_by_2022,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): Cities in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-cities?period=2022. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): Cities in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-cities?period=2022
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-cities?period=2022.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
Embed this chart

Paste this code into a web page or a blog post. The chart shows the latest figures as they are published, with the source and a link back to this page.

Sites that read oEmbed links, such as WordPress, can show the chart when you paste the link to this page.

Use this data in your AI agent

Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:

Rank Cities in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"labor_force_participation_rate_acs","level":"municipality","within":"Michigan","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=labor_force_participation_rate_acs&level=municipality&within=Michigan&limit=10

Connect Claude, ChatGPT or Cursor in one step. The trial answers 25 calls a day without an account.

Questions

Which city has the highest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

Ferndale, MI, with 80.8% in 2022, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which city has the lowest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

Hamtramck, MI, with 45.9% in 2022.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate): other rankings

Cities in Michigan: more rankings