Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2024

West Hollywood, CA had the highest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) of 376 cities in 2024, at 76.5%. Laguna Woods, CA had the lowest, at 21.5%. The median was 63.7% and the figure for California was 63.8%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest76.5West Hollywood, CA

Lowest21.5Laguna Woods, CA

Median63.7376 cities

California63.8History

Top 40 cities, 2024

%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	Cities	2024 (%)	Change on 2023
1	West Hollywood, CA	76.5	-0.7 pts
2	Emeryville, CA	76	-2.6 pts
3	Aliso Viejo, CA	73.9	-0.9 pts
4	Costa Mesa, CA	73.6	0 pts
5	Mountain View, CA	73.6	+0.3 pts
6	Twentynine Palms, CA	72.5	+1.3 pts
7	Sunnyvale, CA	72.5	+0.2 pts
8	Santa Clara, CA	72.5	+0.5 pts
9	Newark, CA	72.1	+0.7 pts
9	South Pasadena, CA	72.1	-0.1 pts
11	Rancho Santa Margarita, CA	72	-0.7 pts
12	El Segundo, CA	71.7	-2.5 pts
13	Rohnert Park, CA	71.5	-0.8 pts
14	Lawndale, CA	71.1	-1.6 pts
15	Los Alamitos, CA	70.9	+1 pts
16	Dublin, CA	70.8	+1.2 pts
17	South Lake Tahoe, CA	70.7	-0.3 pts
18	East Palo Alto, CA	70.7	+1.3 pts
19	Hermosa Beach, CA	70.7	+0.2 pts
20	Redondo Beach, CA	70.5	-1.4 pts
21	Goleta, CA	70.4	+0.3 pts
22	Signal Hill, CA	70.2	+0.3 pts
23	Truckee, CA	70	+1.3 pts
24	San Carlos, CA	69.9	-1.1 pts
25	Newman, CA	69.8	+1.2 pts
26	Eastvale, CA	69.8	-0.8 pts
27	Tustin, CA	69.7	+0.7 pts
28	San Francisco, CA	69.7	-0.4 pts
29	Lake Forest, CA	69.6	+0.4 pts
30	San Anselmo, CA	69.6	-0.6 pts
31	San Ramon, CA	69.3	-0.6 pts
32	Santa Monica, CA	69.2	+1.5 pts
33	La Mesa, CA	69.2	+0.2 pts
34	Imperial Beach, CA	69	-0.6 pts
35	Dixon, CA	69	-1.3 pts
36	Redwood City, CA	69	+0.4 pts
37	Hawthorne, CA	69	0 pts
38	San Mateo, CA	68.9	-0.6 pts
39	Burlingame, CA	68.9	0 pts
40	Vista, CA	68.9	+0.5 pts
41	Oakland, CA	68.7	+0.4 pts
42	Culver City, CA	68.7	-0.5 pts
43	Coachella, CA	68.6	+0.4 pts
44	Oakley, CA	68.6	-0.5 pts
45	Campbell, CA	68.4	-0.2 pts
46	Livermore, CA	68.3	-0.4 pts
47	Belmont, CA	68.3	-1.2 pts
47	San Bruno, CA	68.3	0 pts
49	San Diego, CA	68.1	-0.2 pts
50	Buena Park, CA	68	-0.6 pts
51	Monterey, CA	68	-1.1 pts
52	Fremont, CA	67.9	+0.3 pts
53	Lemoore, CA	67.8	+0.3 pts
54	Sierra Madre, CA	67.8	+0.1 pts
55	Hollister, CA	67.7	0 pts
56	Lakewood, CA	67.7	+0.4 pts
57	San Jose, CA	67.7	-0.2 pts
58	Daly City, CA	67.6	+0.6 pts
59	Covina, CA	67.6	-1.3 pts
60	Port Hueneme, CA	67.5	-3 pts
61	Pacifica, CA	67.5	+1.7 pts
61	Pasadena, CA	67.5	+0.2 pts
63	American Canyon, CA	67.5	+0.8 pts
64	Gilroy, CA	67.4	+0.4 pts
65	Foster City, CA	67.4	+0.8 pts
66	San Fernando, CA	67.4	+0.7 pts
67	Laguna Hills, CA	67.3	+0.8 pts
68	Irvine, CA	67.3	+0.7 pts
69	Tracy, CA	67.3	-0.2 pts
70	Mountain House, CA	67.2	+1.6 pts
71	Morgan Hill, CA	67.2	-0.3 pts
72	Inglewood, CA	67.2	-0.1 pts
73	Santa Clarita, CA	67.1	+0.4 pts
74	Temecula, CA	67.1	+1.1 pts
75	Orange, CA	67.1	+0.3 pts
76	South San Francisco, CA	67	-1.4 pts
77	Alameda, CA	67	-0.9 pts
78	Simi Valley, CA	66.8	+0.5 pts
79	Oxnard, CA	66.8	-0.4 pts
80	Moorpark, CA	66.7	-1.1 pts
81	Anaheim, CA	66.7	-0.1 pts
82	Richmond, CA	66.7	+0.5 pts
83	Burbank, CA	66.7	+0.2 pts
83	Suisun City, CA	66.7	-1.1 pts
85	La Habra, CA	66.6	-1.1 pts
85	National City, CA	66.6	+2.3 pts
87	Azusa, CA	66.6	+0.3 pts
88	Lomita, CA	66.6	+0.6 pts
89	Albany, CA	66.6	-1.6 pts
90	Upland, CA	66.5	+0.4 pts
91	Santa Ana, CA	66.5	+0.2 pts
92	Paramount, CA	66.5	+1 pts
93	Los Angeles, CA	66.5	-0.1 pts
94	Concord, CA	66.5	-0.4 pts
94	Corona, CA	66.5	-0.3 pts
96	Hayward, CA	66.5	-0.9 pts
96	Pleasant Hill, CA	66.5	-0.6 pts
98	Santa Rosa, CA	66.5	-0.2 pts
99	Seaside, CA	66.4	+0.5 pts
100	Monrovia, CA	66.4	-0.5 pts
101	Encinitas, CA	66.3	-0.9 pts
101	Fontana, CA	66.3	-0.3 pts
103	Long Beach, CA	66.3	-0.3 pts
104	Chula Vista, CA	66.2	-0.5 pts
105	Chico, CA	66.2	+0.2 pts
106	Ontario, CA	66.2	-0.1 pts
107	San Marcos, CA	66.2	+0.9 pts
108	Oceanside, CA	66.2	-0.5 pts
108	Placentia, CA	66.2	0 pts
110	Lake Elsinore, CA	66.1	-0.9 pts
111	Huntington Beach, CA	66.1	-0 pts
112	Santa Maria, CA	66.1	-0.5 pts
113	Downey, CA	66	+0.3 pts
114	Galt, CA	66	+1.2 pts
115	Gardena, CA	66	+0.6 pts
116	Marina, CA	66	-0.9 pts
117	Menlo Park, CA	65.9	0 pts
118	Milpitas, CA	65.9	-1.9 pts
119	Bellflower, CA	65.8	-0 pts
120	Millbrae, CA	65.8	-0.3 pts
121	El Cerrito, CA	65.7	-1.6 pts
121	Lemon Grove, CA	65.7	+0.9 pts
123	Rancho Cordova, CA	65.6	-0.9 pts
124	Scotts Valley, CA	65.5	+1.4 pts
125	Lathrop, CA	65.5	+0.5 pts
126	Windsor, CA	65.5	-1.7 pts
127	Pleasanton, CA	65.4	+0.4 pts
128	Colton, CA	65.4	+2.5 pts
129	Brea, CA	65.4	-0 pts
130	Fullerton, CA	65.3	-0.2 pts
131	Calabasas, CA	65.3	+0.6 pts
132	Pittsburg, CA	65.3	+0.3 pts
133	Rancho Cucamonga, CA	65.3	-1.1 pts
134	West Sacramento, CA	65.2	-1.8 pts
135	Laguna Niguel, CA	65.2	-0.7 pts
136	Dana Point, CA	65.1	+1.7 pts
136	Roseville, CA	65.1	-0.2 pts
138	San Leandro, CA	65.1	-0.2 pts
139	Chino Hills, CA	65.1	-0.6 pts
139	Union City, CA	65.1	-0.8 pts
141	Napa, CA	65.1	-0.3 pts
142	Elk Grove, CA	65	-0.5 pts
142	Sacramento, CA	65	+0.3 pts
144	Moreno Valley, CA	65	+0.7 pts
145	Antioch, CA	65	-0.3 pts
146	Martinez, CA	64.9	-1.7 pts
147	Perris, CA	64.9	+1.8 pts
148	Clovis, CA	64.9	-0.8 pts
149	Clayton, CA	64.9	+1.2 pts
150	South Gate, CA	64.9	+0.1 pts
151	Riverside, CA	64.8	+0.3 pts
152	Santa Barbara, CA	64.8	-0.3 pts
153	Chino, CA	64.7	+0.4 pts
154	Escondido, CA	64.7	+0.7 pts
155	Santa Paula, CA	64.6	+1 pts
156	Stanton, CA	64.6	-0.1 pts
157	Carlsbad, CA	64.6	-0.1 pts
157	Woodland, CA	64.6	+0.2 pts
159	Fillmore, CA	64.5	-0.6 pts
160	Santee, CA	64.5	+0.4 pts
161	Redlands, CA	64.4	0 pts
162	San Pablo, CA	64.4	-0.4 pts
163	Mendota, CA	64.4	+3.1 pts
164	Petaluma, CA	64.4	+0.4 pts
165	Hercules, CA	64.4	-1.8 pts
166	San Rafael, CA	64.4	-0.6 pts
167	Visalia, CA	64.3	+0.5 pts
168	Dinuba, CA	64.3	-0.7 pts
169	Rialto, CA	64.3	-0.7 pts
170	Norwalk, CA	64.2	+0.6 pts
171	Cypress, CA	64.2	-0.6 pts
172	Torrance, CA	64.1	-0.3 pts
173	Oakdale, CA	64.1	-0 pts
174	Atascadero, CA	64.1	-0.5 pts
175	Loma Linda, CA	64	+1.6 pts
175	Ridgecrest, CA	64	+0.9 pts
177	Huntington Park, CA	64	-0.6 pts
178	Poway, CA	63.9	+0.7 pts
179	Compton, CA	63.9	+0.3 pts
179	San Juan Capistrano, CA	63.9	-0.9 pts
181	Manhattan Beach, CA	63.9	+1.3 pts
182	Ripon, CA	63.8	-0.3 pts
183	Murrieta, CA	63.8	+0.5 pts
183	Rocklin, CA	63.8	-0.3 pts
185	Alhambra, CA	63.7	+0.4 pts
186	Grover Beach, CA	63.7	-2.2 pts
186	Healdsburg, CA	63.7	+1.4 pts
188	La Puente, CA	63.7	-0.1 pts
189	San Buenaventura (Ventura), CA	63.7	-1 pts
190	Lafayette, CA	63.7	-0.4 pts
191	Half Moon Bay, CA	63.6	+0.5 pts
192	Citrus Heights, CA	63.6	-0.1 pts
193	Larkspur, CA	63.6	-0.5 pts
194	Garden Grove, CA	63.6	-0.3 pts
195	Selma, CA	63.4	+2.4 pts
196	Danville, CA	63.3	-1.2 pts
197	Fairfield, CA	63.2	-0.8 pts
198	San Dimas, CA	63.1	+0.3 pts
199	Reedley, CA	63.1	+0.8 pts
200	Duarte, CA	63	+0.2 pts
201	Brentwood, CA	63	-0.9 pts
202	Fresno, CA	63	+0.4 pts
203	West Covina, CA	63	-0.6 pts
204	Glendale, CA	62.9	+0.6 pts
205	Pomona, CA	62.9	-0.3 pts
205	Temple City, CA	62.9	-0.2 pts
207	Maywood, CA	62.9	+0.2 pts
208	Cupertino, CA	62.9	+0.3 pts
209	Jurupa Valley, CA	62.9	-0.7 pts
210	Tulare, CA	62.9	+1.1 pts
211	Arcata, CA	62.8	-1.8 pts
212	Mission Viejo, CA	62.8	-0.3 pts
213	Agoura Hills, CA	62.8	+0.7 pts
214	Piedmont, CA	62.8	-1.1 pts
214	San Luis Obispo, CA	62.8	-0.9 pts
216	Desert Hot Springs, CA	62.7	-0.2 pts
216	Lodi, CA	62.7	-1.1 pts
218	Newport Beach, CA	62.6	0 pts
219	San Gabriel, CA	62.6	-0.5 pts
220	Folsom, CA	62.6	-1.2 pts
221	Vallejo, CA	62.5	-0.4 pts
222	San Clemente, CA	62.5	-0.5 pts
223	Montebello, CA	62.5	-0.4 pts
224	Thousand Oaks, CA	62.5	-0.1 pts
225	Whittier, CA	62.4	-0.2 pts
226	Palo Alto, CA	62.4	-0.6 pts
226	Patterson, CA	62.4	-1.9 pts
228	Lynwood, CA	62.3	+0.3 pts
229	Beaumont, CA	62.3	-1.7 pts
230	Bakersfield, CA	62.2	-0.5 pts
231	Hawaiian Gardens, CA	62.2	-2.1 pts
231	Yucaipa, CA	62.2	+1 pts
233	La Palma, CA	62.2	+0.2 pts
233	Parlier, CA	62.2	-1.3 pts
235	Turlock, CA	62	-0.2 pts
236	Santa Cruz, CA	62	+0.1 pts
237	Yorba Linda, CA	61.9	-1 pts
238	Glendora, CA	61.9	-0.6 pts
239	Porterville, CA	61.7	+0.2 pts
240	Hanford, CA	61.7	+1.8 pts
241	Grand Terrace, CA	61.7	-0.6 pts
241	Novato, CA	61.7	+0.4 pts
241	Stockton, CA	61.7	+0.5 pts
244	Ceres, CA	61.6	+0.4 pts
244	Modesto, CA	61.6	0 pts
246	Cathedral City, CA	61.5	+0.5 pts
246	Riverbank, CA	61.5	-0.7 pts
248	El Monte, CA	61.5	+0.7 pts
249	Arvin, CA	61.4	0 pts
249	Baldwin Park, CA	61.4	-0.3 pts

Showing the top 250 of 376. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

2024
2023
2022
2021

About this ranking

People aged 16 and over in the labor force (employed, unemployed or in the Armed Forces) as a percentage of all people aged 16 and over, including people in group quarters. United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.

The Census Bureau definition used in its data profiles. It differs from the BLS labor_force_participation_rate, which counts the civilian noninstitutional population only.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the cities are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more) (Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2024) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b23025.dat

MLA 9

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2024. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b23025.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2024. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b23025.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2024 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b23025.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_cities_in_california_by_2024,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2024}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b23025.dat},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2024
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b23025.dat
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Rank Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) using official data, and cite the source.

rank_places {"indicator":"labor_force_participation_rate_acs","level":"municipality","within":"California","limit":10}
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Questions

Which city has the highest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

West Hollywood, CA, with 76.5% in 2024, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which city has the lowest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

Laguna Woods, CA, with 21.5% in 2024.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Retrieved 2026-10-12.