Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)

West Hollywood, CA had the highest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) of 376 cities in 2022, at 78%. Laguna Woods, CA had the lowest, at 23%. The median was 63.7% and the figure for California was 63.8%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest78West Hollywood, CA

Lowest23Laguna Woods, CA

Median63.7376 cities

California63.8History

Top 40 cities, 2022

%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	Cities	2022 (%)	Change on 2021
1	West Hollywood, CA	78	-1.2 pts
2	Emeryville, CA	77.3	-0.5 pts
3	El Segundo, CA	76.2	+0.3 pts
4	Aliso Viejo, CA	75.3	-0.6 pts
5	Rancho Santa Margarita, CA	74.3	+1.4 pts
6	Costa Mesa, CA	73.2	-0.4 pts
7	Mountain View, CA	73.1	-1 pts
8	Lawndale, CA	72.6	-0.8 pts
9	Redondo Beach, CA	72.3	-0.7 pts
10	San Anselmo, CA	72.3	-0 pts
11	Sunnyvale, CA	71.8	+0.1 pts
12	Dixon, CA	71.7	+0.9 pts
13	Newark, CA	71.6	+0.6 pts
14	Santa Clara, CA	71.6	+0.3 pts
15	Hermosa Beach, CA	71.1	-2.1 pts
16	Rohnert Park, CA	71	+0.3 pts
17	Twentynine Palms, CA	71	+0.3 pts
18	San Carlos, CA	70.9	-2 pts
19	Monterey, CA	70.7	+1.1 pts
20	Burlingame, CA	70.6	-1.3 pts
21	Signal Hill, CA	70.6	+2.9 pts
22	Eastvale, CA	70.5	+0.6 pts
23	San Francisco, CA	70.4	-0.7 pts
24	San Mateo, CA	70.1	-0.3 pts
25	San Bruno, CA	70	-1.2 pts
26	Redwood City, CA	70	-1.2 pts
27	Dublin, CA	70	+0.2 pts
28	South Pasadena, CA	69.9	-1.9 pts
29	Los Alamitos, CA	69.9	+2.3 pts
30	Belmont, CA	69.9	-0.8 pts
31	Livermore, CA	69.8	-0.1 pts
32	Campbell, CA	69.7	-0.5 pts
33	Newman, CA	69.4	-0.3 pts
34	Covina, CA	69.4	+1.3 pts
35	La Mesa, CA	69.4	+0.6 pts
36	Culver City, CA	69.4	-0.2 pts
37	Hollister, CA	69.3	-0.3 pts
37	San Ramon, CA	69.3	+0.5 pts
39	Hawthorne, CA	69.3	-0.2 pts
40	South Lake Tahoe, CA	69.3	-1.1 pts
41	Lake Forest, CA	69.3	+0.3 pts
41	Port Hueneme, CA	69.3	-1.4 pts
43	Buena Park, CA	69	+0.4 pts
44	Tustin, CA	69	-1 pts
45	Coachella, CA	69	-1.5 pts
46	Windsor, CA	69	-1.7 pts
47	East Palo Alto, CA	68.6	-1.8 pts
48	Goleta, CA	68.4	-1.5 pts
49	Vista, CA	68.4	+0.3 pts
50	Oakland, CA	68.4	-0.5 pts
51	La Habra, CA	68.3	-1.1 pts
52	Tracy, CA	68.3	+0.5 pts
53	Alameda, CA	68.3	-0.2 pts
54	Oakley, CA	68.2	+0.3 pts
55	Albany, CA	68.2	-0.6 pts
56	Sierra Madre, CA	68.2	+1 pts
57	Lakewood, CA	68.2	+0.6 pts
58	Pacifica, CA	68.1	+0.2 pts
59	San Diego, CA	68.1	-0.3 pts
60	Monrovia, CA	68.1	+1.3 pts
61	Martinez, CA	67.9	-1.1 pts
62	San Jose, CA	67.9	-0.5 pts
63	Oxnard, CA	67.8	-0.5 pts
64	Milpitas, CA	67.8	+0.2 pts
65	Imperial Beach, CA	67.8	-0.2 pts
66	Daly City, CA	67.7	-0.2 pts
67	Fremont, CA	67.5	-0.3 pts
68	Inglewood, CA	67.4	-0.2 pts
69	Anaheim, CA	67.4	-0 pts
70	Pleasant Hill, CA	67.4	+0.7 pts
70	Santa Monica, CA	67.4	-0.8 pts
72	Santa Clarita, CA	67.3	+0.3 pts
73	Grand Terrace, CA	67.3	+0.9 pts
74	Hercules, CA	67.2	+1 pts
75	South San Francisco, CA	67.2	-1.3 pts
76	Lomita, CA	67.2	+1 pts
77	Oceanside, CA	67.1	-0.2 pts
78	American Canyon, CA	67.1	-2.2 pts
79	Concord, CA	67.1	-0.2 pts
79	Gilroy, CA	67.1	-0.5 pts
81	Brea, CA	67.1	-0.5 pts
82	El Cerrito, CA	67	+0.3 pts
83	Marina, CA	67	-0.8 pts
84	Chula Vista, CA	67	+0.1 pts
84	Suisun City, CA	67	-0.8 pts
86	Fontana, CA	66.9	+0.5 pts
87	Pasadena, CA	66.9	+0.3 pts
88	Arcata, CA	66.8	+2 pts
89	Hayward, CA	66.8	-0.8 pts
90	Burbank, CA	66.7	-0.5 pts
91	Moorpark, CA	66.7	-0.1 pts
92	Clovis, CA	66.7	+1 pts
92	Santa Ana, CA	66.7	-0.6 pts
94	Ontario, CA	66.6	0 pts
95	Truckee, CA	66.6	-3.5 pts
96	Long Beach, CA	66.6	-0.2 pts
97	Richmond, CA	66.6	-0.9 pts
98	Los Angeles, CA	66.5	-0.1 pts
99	Foster City, CA	66.5	-0.8 pts
100	Morgan Hill, CA	66.5	-1.4 pts
101	Corona, CA	66.4	-0.4 pts
102	Santa Rosa, CA	66.4	0 pts
103	Simi Valley, CA	66.3	+0.1 pts
104	Huntington Beach, CA	66.3	-0.2 pts
105	Bellflower, CA	66.3	-1.9 pts
106	Upland, CA	66.2	+0.3 pts
107	Carpinteria, CA	66.2	-0.3 pts
108	Laguna Niguel, CA	66.2	+0.5 pts
109	Chico, CA	66.1	0 pts
110	Downey, CA	66.1	+0.6 pts
111	Azusa, CA	66.1	+0.3 pts
111	Orange, CA	66.1	+0.6 pts
113	Placentia, CA	66.1	-2.1 pts
114	Santa Maria, CA	66.1	-0.4 pts
114	Woodland, CA	66.1	+0.5 pts
116	Napa, CA	66.1	-1.1 pts
117	Rancho Cucamonga, CA	65.9	-0 pts
118	San Leandro, CA	65.9	-0.3 pts
119	Pleasanton, CA	65.9	-1 pts
120	Lake Elsinore, CA	65.9	+1.1 pts
121	Laguna Hills, CA	65.8	-0.8 pts
121	West Sacramento, CA	65.8	-0.7 pts
123	Rancho Cordova, CA	65.7	-0.8 pts
124	Atascadero, CA	65.7	+0.7 pts
125	Paramount, CA	65.7	+1.1 pts
126	Menlo Park, CA	65.6	-0.6 pts
126	San Marcos, CA	65.6	-0.9 pts
128	Huntington Park, CA	65.6	-1.4 pts
129	Fillmore, CA	65.6	-0.5 pts
129	Ripon, CA	65.6	+0.6 pts
131	San Fernando, CA	65.6	+1.3 pts
132	Irvine, CA	65.6	-0.3 pts
133	Pittsburg, CA	65.4	+1.1 pts
134	Hawaiian Gardens, CA	65.4	+1.6 pts
134	Petaluma, CA	65.4	-0.5 pts
136	Fullerton, CA	65.4	-0 pts
137	Larkspur, CA	65.3	+0.1 pts
138	South Gate, CA	65.3	+0.1 pts
139	Rialto, CA	65.3	+0.1 pts
140	Union City, CA	65.3	-0.8 pts
141	Chino Hills, CA	65.2	-0.2 pts
142	Carlsbad, CA	65.2	-0 pts
142	Elk Grove, CA	65.2	-0.1 pts
142	Grover Beach, CA	65.2	-4.7 pts
145	Antioch, CA	65.2	+0.7 pts
146	San Pablo, CA	65.2	+0.2 pts
147	Coronado, CA	65.1	+0.7 pts
148	Gardena, CA	65	-0.1 pts
149	Temecula, CA	65	-0.2 pts
150	Maywood, CA	65	-1.4 pts
151	Lemon Grove, CA	65	-0.8 pts
152	Fairfield, CA	65	-0.8 pts
153	Parlier, CA	64.9	-0.3 pts
154	Santa Barbara, CA	64.9	-1.7 pts
155	Millbrae, CA	64.9	-1.2 pts
156	Lodi, CA	64.8	+0.3 pts
156	Roseville, CA	64.8	-0.1 pts
158	San Rafael, CA	64.8	-0.8 pts
159	Mountain House, CA	64.8	+0.7 pts
160	Encinitas, CA	64.7	-0.3 pts
161	Half Moon Bay, CA	64.7	-1 pts
162	Lafayette, CA	64.7	-1.7 pts
163	Lathrop, CA	64.7	+2.1 pts
164	Sacramento, CA	64.6	0 pts
165	Citrus Heights, CA	64.6	-0.1 pts
165	Galt, CA	64.6	-0.5 pts
167	Moreno Valley, CA	64.6	+0.9 pts
168	Stanton, CA	64.6	-0.5 pts
169	Calabasas, CA	64.5	-0.8 pts
170	Torrance, CA	64.5	+0.2 pts
171	Seaside, CA	64.4	-0.8 pts
172	Garden Grove, CA	64.3	+0.5 pts
173	Rocklin, CA	64.3	-0 pts
174	Patterson, CA	64.3	-3.4 pts
175	Dinuba, CA	64.3	+0.9 pts
176	Watsonville, CA	64.2	-0.2 pts
177	Riverside, CA	64	+0.5 pts
178	Perris, CA	63.9	+0.1 pts
178	Piedmont, CA	63.9	-2.4 pts
180	Benicia, CA	63.9	-2 pts
180	San Buenaventura (Ventura), CA	63.9	-0.3 pts
182	Escondido, CA	63.9	-0.5 pts
183	San Juan Capistrano, CA	63.8	+0.8 pts
184	Ridgecrest, CA	63.8	+0.5 pts
185	Jurupa Valley, CA	63.7	+0.1 pts
186	Cypress, CA	63.7	-0.3 pts
187	Montebello, CA	63.7	-1.5 pts
188	Livingston, CA	63.7	-1.7 pts
189	National City, CA	63.7	+0.6 pts
190	Pinole, CA	63.6	-0.7 pts
191	Atwater, CA	63.6	-0.4 pts
191	Mission Viejo, CA	63.6	-0.9 pts
193	West Covina, CA	63.5	-0.7 pts
194	Beaumont, CA	63.5	+0.8 pts
195	Mendota, CA	63.5	-1.4 pts
196	Vallejo, CA	63.5	-0.7 pts
197	Oakdale, CA	63.5	-0.4 pts
198	Agoura Hills, CA	63.4	-1 pts
198	Santee, CA	63.4	+0.3 pts
198	Visalia, CA	63.4	+0.7 pts
201	Palo Alto, CA	63.4	-0.4 pts
202	Murrieta, CA	63.4	+0.1 pts
203	Danville, CA	63.4	-0.5 pts
204	Redlands, CA	63.3	-0.1 pts
205	Poway, CA	63.3	-0.5 pts
206	Madera, CA	63.3	+0.6 pts
207	Scotts Valley, CA	63.2	+0.4 pts
208	La Puente, CA	63.2	-0.6 pts
208	Lemoore, CA	63.2	-0.7 pts
210	Bakersfield, CA	63.1	-0 pts
211	San Clemente, CA	63.1	-1.6 pts
212	Brentwood, CA	63	-1.2 pts
213	Highland, CA	63	+0.5 pts
213	San Dimas, CA	63	+2.6 pts
215	Sanger, CA	63	0 pts
215	Santa Paula, CA	63	+0.8 pts
217	Chino, CA	62.9	+3.6 pts
218	Colton, CA	62.9	+1 pts
219	Cudahy, CA	62.9	-0.2 pts
220	Alhambra, CA	62.9	+0.2 pts
220	Riverbank, CA	62.9	+1.4 pts
222	Yorba Linda, CA	62.8	-0 pts
223	Pomona, CA	62.8	-0.3 pts
224	San Luis Obispo, CA	62.5	-0.5 pts
225	Whittier, CA	62.5	+0.5 pts
226	Baldwin Park, CA	62.4	-1.1 pts
227	Folsom, CA	62.4	+1.6 pts
228	Norwalk, CA	62.4	-0 pts
229	Newport Beach, CA	62.4	-0.9 pts
229	Reedley, CA	62.4	-2.3 pts
231	Thousand Oaks, CA	62.4	-0.5 pts
232	El Cajon, CA	62.3	-1 pts
233	Glendale, CA	62.3	-0.1 pts
234	La Palma, CA	62.2	+2.4 pts
235	Salinas, CA	62.2	-1.3 pts
236	Fresno, CA	62.2	+0.3 pts
237	Clayton, CA	62.2	+0.3 pts
238	Montclair, CA	62.1	-0 pts
238	Porterville, CA	62.1	-0.3 pts
240	Diamond Bar, CA	62	-0.7 pts
241	San Gabriel, CA	62	-0.2 pts
242	Glendora, CA	61.9	-1.3 pts
243	Carson, CA	61.9	-0.1 pts
243	Ukiah, CA	61.9	-1.8 pts
245	El Paso de Robles (Paso Robles), CA	61.9	-1.7 pts
246	Compton, CA	61.8	-0.3 pts
247	Wildomar, CA	61.8	+1.7 pts
248	Desert Hot Springs, CA	61.8	+4.2 pts
249	La Mirada, CA	61.8	-0.9 pts
249	Yucaipa, CA	61.8	-1.4 pts

Showing the top 250 of 376. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

2024
2023
2022
2021

About this ranking

People aged 16 and over in the labor force (employed, unemployed or in the Armed Forces) as a percentage of all people aged 16 and over, including people in group quarters. United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.

The Census Bureau definition used in its data profiles. It differs from the BLS labor_force_participation_rate, which counts the civilian noninstitutional population only.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the cities are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more) (Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat

MLA 9

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities?period=2022. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities?period=2022.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities?period=2022 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_cities_in_california_by_2022,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities?period=2022. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities?period=2022
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/california-cities?period=2022.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Rank Cities in California by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) using official data, and cite the source.

rank_places {"indicator":"labor_force_participation_rate_acs","level":"municipality","within":"California","limit":10}
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Questions

Which city has the highest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

West Hollywood, CA, with 78% in 2022, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which city has the lowest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

Laguna Woods, CA, with 23% in 2022.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Retrieved 2026-10-12.