Data / Rankings / Gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP / EU countries

EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP

Ireland had the highest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP of 27 EU countries in 2020, at 41.4% of GDP. Greece had the lowest, at 12.3% of GDP. The median was 21.4% of GDP. Source: the World Bank.

Keep it in a collection in your library.
Highest41.4Ireland
Lowest12.3Greece
Median21.427 EU countries

Map of EU countries, 2020

Austria: 25.1 % of GDPBelgium: 24 % of GDPBulgaria: 19 % of GDPCyprus: 20.8 % of GDPCzechia: 25.5 % of GDPGermany: 21.3 % of GDPDenmark: 22.2 % of GDPEstonia: 31.2 % of GDPSpain: 20.6 % of GDPFinland: 24.7 % of GDPFrance: 22.4 % of GDPGreece: 12.3 % of GDPCroatia: 22.4 % of GDPHungary: 26.4 % of GDPIreland: 41.4 % of GDPItaly: 18.2 % of GDPLithuania: 21.4 % of GDPLuxembourg: 17.2 % of GDPLatvia: 23 % of GDPMalta: 19.9 % of GDPNetherlands: 21.3 % of GDPPoland: 18.4 % of GDPPortugal: 19.5 % of GDPRomania: 23.5 % of GDPSweden: 24.5 % of GDPSlovenia: 19 % of GDPSlovakia: 19.8 % of GDP
  • Under 19
  • 19 to 21
  • 21 to 22
  • 22 to 25
  • 25 and over
% of GDP, 2020. Source: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2020

Ireland: 41.4 % of GDPIreland41.4Estonia: 31.2 % of GDPEstonia31.2Hungary: 26.4 % of GDPHungary26.4Czechia: 25.5 % of GDPCzechia25.5Austria: 25.1 % of GDPAustria25.1Finland: 24.7 % of GDPFinland24.7Sweden: 24.5 % of GDPSweden24.5Belgium: 24 % of GDPBelgium24Romania: 23.5 % of GDPRomania23.5Latvia: 23 % of GDPLatvia23France: 22.4 % of GDPFrance22.4Croatia: 22.4 % of GDPCroatia22.4Denmark: 22.2 % of GDPDenmark22.2Lithuania: 21.4 % of GDPLithuania21.4Germany: 21.3 % of GDPGermany21.3Netherlands: 21.3 % of GDPNetherlands21.3Cyprus: 20.8 % of GDPCyprus20.8Spain: 20.6 % of GDPSpain20.6Malta: 19.9 % of GDPMalta19.9Slovakia: 19.8 % of GDPSlovakia19.8Portugal: 19.5 % of GDPPortugal19.5Slovenia: 19 % of GDPSlovenia19Bulgaria: 19 % of GDPBulgaria19Poland: 18.4 % of GDPPoland18.4Italy: 18.2 % of GDPItaly18.2Luxembourg: 17.2 % of GDPLuxembourg17.2Greece: 12.3 % of GDPGreece12.3Ireland: 41.4 % of GDPIreland41.4Estonia: 31.2 % of GDPEstonia31.2Hungary: 26.4 % of GDPHungary26.4Czechia: 25.5 % of GDPCzechia25.5Austria: 25.1 % of GDPAustria25.1Finland: 24.7 % of GDPFinland24.7Sweden: 24.5 % of GDPSweden24.5Belgium: 24 % of GDPBelgium24Romania: 23.5 % of GDPRomania23.5Latvia: 23 % of GDPLatvia23France: 22.4 % of GDPFrance22.4Croatia: 22.4 % of GDPCroatia22.4Denmark: 22.2 % of GDPDenmark22.2Lithuania: 21.4 % of GDPLithuania21.4Germany: 21.3 % of GDPGermany21.3Netherlands: 21.3 % of GDPNetherlands21.3Cyprus: 20.8 % of GDPCyprus20.8Spain: 20.6 % of GDPSpain20.6Malta: 19.9 % of GDPMalta19.9Slovakia: 19.8 % of GDPSlovakia19.8Portugal: 19.5 % of GDPPortugal19.5Slovenia: 19 % of GDPSlovenia19Bulgaria: 19 % of GDPBulgaria19Poland: 18.4 % of GDPPoland18.4Italy: 18.2 % of GDPItaly18.2Luxembourg: 17.2 % of GDPLuxembourg17.2Greece: 12.3 % of GDPGreece12.3
% of GDP. Source: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2020
% of GDP		Change on 2019
1Ireland41.4-11.8 pts
2Estonia31.2+4.6 pts
3Hungary26.4-0.7 pts
4Czechia25.5-0.2 pts
5Austria25.1+0.1 pts
6Finland24.7+0.2 pts
7Sweden24.5+0.7 pts
8Belgium24-0.2 pts
9Romania23.5+0.2 pts
10Latvia23+0.3 pts
11France22.40 pts
12Croatia22.4+0.4 pts
13Denmark22.2+0.8 pts
14Lithuania21.4+0.2 pts
15Germany21.3+0.2 pts
16Netherlands21.3+0.4 pts
17Cyprus20.8+2.1 pts
18Spain20.6+0.3 pts
19Malta19.9-0.1 pts
20Slovakia19.8-1.9 pts
21Portugal19.5+1.1 pts
22Slovenia19-0.7 pts
23Bulgaria19+0.3 pts
24Poland18.4-0.7 pts
25Italy18.2+0.1 pts
26Luxembourg17.2-0.9 pts
27Greece12.3+1.3 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Acquisitions less disposals of fixed assets, such as buildings, machinery, equipment and intellectual property, plus certain spending that adds to the value of non-produced assets such as land, as a percentage of GDP. World Bank national accounts data, compiled from national statistical offices and central banks and from OECD national accounts files.

Current prices, so the share moves with relative prices as well as volumes. Countries that rebase their national accounts can shift it by several points. The latest year varies by country.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

World Bank. (2026). Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS) (EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2020) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS

MLA 9

Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS), EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2020. World Bank, 8 Oct. 2026, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2020. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

World Bank. 2026. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2020. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2020.

Harvard

World Bank (2026) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS), EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2020 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2020 (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{world_eu_countries_by_gross_2020,
  author = {{World Bank}},
  title = {{Gross fixed capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS): EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2020}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2020. Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - World Bank
TI  - Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS): EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2020
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - World Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2020
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2020.
N1  - Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
Embed this chart

Paste this code into a web page or a blog post. The chart shows the latest figures as they are published, with the source and a link back to this page.

Sites that read oEmbed links, such as WordPress, can show the chart when you paste the link to this page.

Use this data in your AI agent

Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:

Rank EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"gross_fixed_capital_formation_gdp","level":"country","within":"European Union (27)","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=gross_fixed_capital_formation_gdp&level=country&within=European%20Union%20(27)&limit=10

Connect Claude, ChatGPT or Cursor in one step. The trial answers 25 calls a day without an account.

Questions

Which EU country has the highest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP?

Ireland, with 41.4% of GDP in 2020, according to the World Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP?

Greece, with 12.3% of GDP in 2020.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings