Data / Rankings / Gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP / EU countries

EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2025

Czechia had the highest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP of 27 EU countries in 2025, at 26.4% of GDP. Luxembourg had the lowest, at 15% of GDP. The median was 21.8% of GDP. Source: the World Bank.

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Highest26.4Czechia
Lowest15Luxembourg
Median21.827 EU countries

Map of EU countries, 2025

Austria: 23.5 % of GDPBelgium: 23.9 % of GDPBulgaria: 20.1 % of GDPCyprus: 20 % of GDPCzechia: 26.4 % of GDPGermany: 20.3 % of GDPDenmark: 21.8 % of GDPEstonia: 24.2 % of GDPSpain: 20.6 % of GDPFinland: 21.8 % of GDPFrance: 22 % of GDPGreece: 16.9 % of GDPCroatia: 25.7 % of GDPHungary: 21.9 % of GDPIreland: 22.2 % of GDPItaly: 21.8 % of GDPLithuania: 22.9 % of GDPLuxembourg: 15 % of GDPLatvia: 23.5 % of GDPMalta: 17.8 % of GDPNetherlands: 19.8 % of GDPPoland: 17 % of GDPPortugal: 20.7 % of GDPRomania: 25.6 % of GDPSweden: 25.2 % of GDPSlovenia: 21.1 % of GDPSlovakia: 20.5 % of GDP
  • Under 20
  • 20 to 21
  • 21 to 22
  • 22 to 24
  • 24 and over
% of GDP, 2025. Source: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2025

Czechia: 26.4 % of GDPCzechia26.4Croatia: 25.7 % of GDPCroatia25.7Romania: 25.6 % of GDPRomania25.6Sweden: 25.2 % of GDPSweden25.2Estonia: 24.2 % of GDPEstonia24.2Belgium: 23.9 % of GDPBelgium23.9Austria: 23.5 % of GDPAustria23.5Latvia: 23.5 % of GDPLatvia23.5Lithuania: 22.9 % of GDPLithuania22.9Ireland: 22.2 % of GDPIreland22.2France: 22 % of GDPFrance22Hungary: 21.9 % of GDPHungary21.9Denmark: 21.8 % of GDPDenmark21.8Italy: 21.8 % of GDPItaly21.8Finland: 21.8 % of GDPFinland21.8Slovenia: 21.1 % of GDPSlovenia21.1Portugal: 20.7 % of GDPPortugal20.7Spain: 20.6 % of GDPSpain20.6Slovakia: 20.5 % of GDPSlovakia20.5Germany: 20.3 % of GDPGermany20.3Bulgaria: 20.1 % of GDPBulgaria20.1Cyprus: 20 % of GDPCyprus20Netherlands: 19.8 % of GDPNetherlands19.8Malta: 17.8 % of GDPMalta17.8Poland: 17 % of GDPPoland17Greece: 16.9 % of GDPGreece16.9Luxembourg: 15 % of GDPLuxembourg15Czechia: 26.4 % of GDPCzechia26.4Croatia: 25.7 % of GDPCroatia25.7Romania: 25.6 % of GDPRomania25.6Sweden: 25.2 % of GDPSweden25.2Estonia: 24.2 % of GDPEstonia24.2Belgium: 23.9 % of GDPBelgium23.9Austria: 23.5 % of GDPAustria23.5Latvia: 23.5 % of GDPLatvia23.5Lithuania: 22.9 % of GDPLithuania22.9Ireland: 22.2 % of GDPIreland22.2France: 22 % of GDPFrance22Hungary: 21.9 % of GDPHungary21.9Denmark: 21.8 % of GDPDenmark21.8Italy: 21.8 % of GDPItaly21.8Finland: 21.8 % of GDPFinland21.8Slovenia: 21.1 % of GDPSlovenia21.1Portugal: 20.7 % of GDPPortugal20.7Spain: 20.6 % of GDPSpain20.6Slovakia: 20.5 % of GDPSlovakia20.5Germany: 20.3 % of GDPGermany20.3Bulgaria: 20.1 % of GDPBulgaria20.1Cyprus: 20 % of GDPCyprus20Netherlands: 19.8 % of GDPNetherlands19.8Malta: 17.8 % of GDPMalta17.8Poland: 17 % of GDPPoland17Greece: 16.9 % of GDPGreece16.9Luxembourg: 15 % of GDPLuxembourg15
% of GDP. Source: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2025
% of GDP		Change on 2024
1Czechia26.4-0.1 pts
2Croatia25.7+0.5 pts
3Romania25.6+0.3 pts
4Sweden25.2+0.1 pts
5Estonia24.2+0.3 pts
6Belgium23.9-0.4 pts
7Austria23.5-0 pts
8Latvia23.5+1.2 pts
9Lithuania22.9+0.5 pts
10Ireland22.2+4.9 pts
11France22-0.1 pts
12Hungary21.9-1.3 pts
13Denmark21.8-1.5 pts
14Italy21.8+0.3 pts
15Finland21.8-0.2 pts
16Slovenia21.1+0.2 pts
17Portugal20.7+0.3 pts
18Spain20.6+0.3 pts
19Slovakia20.5+0.1 pts
20Germany20.3-0.1 pts
21Bulgaria20.1+1.8 pts
22Cyprus20-0.5 pts
23Netherlands19.8-0.1 pts
24Malta17.8-0.7 pts
25Poland17-0 pts
26Greece16.9+0.8 pts
27Luxembourg15-0.4 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Acquisitions less disposals of fixed assets, such as buildings, machinery, equipment and intellectual property, plus certain spending that adds to the value of non-produced assets such as land, as a percentage of GDP. World Bank national accounts data, compiled from national statistical offices and central banks and from OECD national accounts files.

Current prices, so the share moves with relative prices as well as volumes. Countries that rebase their national accounts can shift it by several points. The latest year varies by country.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

World Bank. (2026). Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS) (EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2025) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS

MLA 9

Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS), EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2025. World Bank, 8 Oct. 2026, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

World Bank. 2026. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2025. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries.

Harvard

World Bank (2026) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS), EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2025 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{world_eu_countries_by_gross_2025,
  author = {{World Bank}},
  title = {{Gross fixed capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS): EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2025}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries. Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - World Bank
TI  - Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS): EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2025
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - World Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries.
N1  - Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP?

Czechia, with 26.4% of GDP in 2025, according to the World Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP?

Luxembourg, with 15% of GDP in 2025.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings