Data / Rankings / Gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP / EU countries

EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP

Estonia had the highest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP of 27 EU countries in 2014, at 25.3% of GDP. Greece had the lowest, at 11.2% of GDP. The median was 20% of GDP. Source: the World Bank.

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Highest25.3Estonia
Lowest11.2Greece
Median2027 EU countries

Map of EU countries, 2014

Austria: 23 % of GDPBelgium: 22.8 % of GDPBulgaria: 21.1 % of GDPCyprus: 13.3 % of GDPCzechia: 24.7 % of GDPGermany: 19.8 % of GDPDenmark: 19.3 % of GDPEstonia: 25.3 % of GDPSpain: 18 % of GDPFinland: 21.7 % of GDPFrance: 21 % of GDPGreece: 11.2 % of GDPCroatia: 18.8 % of GDPHungary: 22.1 % of GDPIreland: 20.2 % of GDPItaly: 16.8 % of GDPLithuania: 19.1 % of GDPLuxembourg: 19.2 % of GDPLatvia: 23.6 % of GDPMalta: 16.8 % of GDPNetherlands: 17.4 % of GDPPoland: 20 % of GDPPortugal: 15.1 % of GDPRomania: 24.6 % of GDPSweden: 22.7 % of GDPSlovenia: 19.4 % of GDPSlovakia: 21.2 % of GDP
  • Under 18
  • 18 to 19
  • 19 to 21
  • 21 to 23
  • 23 and over
% of GDP, 2014. Source: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2014

Estonia: 25.3 % of GDPEstonia25.3Czechia: 24.7 % of GDPCzechia24.7Romania: 24.6 % of GDPRomania24.6Latvia: 23.6 % of GDPLatvia23.6Austria: 23 % of GDPAustria23Belgium: 22.8 % of GDPBelgium22.8Sweden: 22.7 % of GDPSweden22.7Hungary: 22.1 % of GDPHungary22.1Finland: 21.7 % of GDPFinland21.7Slovakia: 21.2 % of GDPSlovakia21.2Bulgaria: 21.1 % of GDPBulgaria21.1France: 21 % of GDPFrance21Ireland: 20.2 % of GDPIreland20.2Poland: 20 % of GDPPoland20Germany: 19.8 % of GDPGermany19.8Slovenia: 19.4 % of GDPSlovenia19.4Denmark: 19.3 % of GDPDenmark19.3Luxembourg: 19.2 % of GDPLuxembourg19.2Lithuania: 19.1 % of GDPLithuania19.1Croatia: 18.8 % of GDPCroatia18.8Spain: 18 % of GDPSpain18Netherlands: 17.4 % of GDPNetherlands17.4Malta: 16.8 % of GDPMalta16.8Italy: 16.8 % of GDPItaly16.8Portugal: 15.1 % of GDPPortugal15.1Cyprus: 13.3 % of GDPCyprus13.3Greece: 11.2 % of GDPGreece11.2Estonia: 25.3 % of GDPEstonia25.3Czechia: 24.7 % of GDPCzechia24.7Romania: 24.6 % of GDPRomania24.6Latvia: 23.6 % of GDPLatvia23.6Austria: 23 % of GDPAustria23Belgium: 22.8 % of GDPBelgium22.8Sweden: 22.7 % of GDPSweden22.7Hungary: 22.1 % of GDPHungary22.1Finland: 21.7 % of GDPFinland21.7Slovakia: 21.2 % of GDPSlovakia21.2Bulgaria: 21.1 % of GDPBulgaria21.1France: 21 % of GDPFrance21Ireland: 20.2 % of GDPIreland20.2Poland: 20 % of GDPPoland20Germany: 19.8 % of GDPGermany19.8Slovenia: 19.4 % of GDPSlovenia19.4Denmark: 19.3 % of GDPDenmark19.3Luxembourg: 19.2 % of GDPLuxembourg19.2Lithuania: 19.1 % of GDPLithuania19.1Croatia: 18.8 % of GDPCroatia18.8Spain: 18 % of GDPSpain18Netherlands: 17.4 % of GDPNetherlands17.4Malta: 16.8 % of GDPMalta16.8Italy: 16.8 % of GDPItaly16.8Portugal: 15.1 % of GDPPortugal15.1Cyprus: 13.3 % of GDPCyprus13.3Greece: 11.2 % of GDPGreece11.2
% of GDP. Source: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2014
% of GDP		Change on 2013
1Estonia25.3-2.2 pts
2Czechia24.7-0 pts
3Romania24.6+0.2 pts
4Latvia23.6-1.3 pts
5Austria23-0.3 pts
6Belgium22.8+0.7 pts
7Sweden22.7+0.7 pts
8Hungary22.1+1.2 pts
9Finland21.7-0.6 pts
10Slovakia21.2-0 pts
11Bulgaria21.1-0.1 pts
12France21-0.3 pts
13Ireland20.2+1.9 pts
14Poland20+1.2 pts
15Germany19.8+0.2 pts
16Slovenia19.4-0.4 pts
17Denmark19.3+0.5 pts
18Luxembourg19.2+0.7 pts
19Lithuania19.1+0.4 pts
20Croatia18.8-0.4 pts
21Spain18+0.4 pts
22Netherlands17.4-0.8 pts
23Malta16.8-0.5 pts
24Italy16.8-0.5 pts
25Portugal15.1+0.3 pts
26Cyprus13.3-0.8 pts
27Greece11.2-0.3 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Acquisitions less disposals of fixed assets, such as buildings, machinery, equipment and intellectual property, plus certain spending that adds to the value of non-produced assets such as land, as a percentage of GDP. World Bank national accounts data, compiled from national statistical offices and central banks and from OECD national accounts files.

Current prices, so the share moves with relative prices as well as volumes. Countries that rebase their national accounts can shift it by several points. The latest year varies by country.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

World Bank. (2026). Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS) (EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2014) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS

MLA 9

Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS), EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2014. World Bank, 8 Oct. 2026, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

World Bank. 2026. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2014. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014.

Harvard

World Bank (2026) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS), EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2014 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014 (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{world_eu_countries_by_gross_2014,
  author = {{World Bank}},
  title = {{Gross fixed capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS): EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2014}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014. Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - World Bank
TI  - Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS): EU countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2014
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - World Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/eu-countries?period=2014.
N1  - Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP?

Estonia, with 25.3% of GDP in 2014, according to the World Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP?

Greece, with 11.2% of GDP in 2014.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings