EU countries by at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE)

Romania had the highest at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE) of 27 EU countries in 2021, at 34.4%. Czechia had the lowest, at 10.7%. The median was 19.6% and the figure for the European Union (27) was 21.7%. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest34.4Romania

Lowest10.7Czechia

Median19.627 EU countries

European Union (27)21.7History

Map of EU countries, 2021

Under 17
17 to 19
19 to 21
21 to 25
25 and over

%, 2021. Source: Eurostat, Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc_peps01n). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2021

%. Source: Eurostat, Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc_peps01n). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

Rank	EU countries	2021 (%)	Change on 2020
1	Romania	34.4	-1.2 pts
2	Bulgaria	31.7	-1.8 pts
3	Greece	28.3	+0.9 pts
4	Spain	27.8	+0.8 pts
5	Latvia	26.1	+1 pts
6	Italy	25.2	+0.3 pts
7	Lithuania	23.5	-1 pts
8	Portugal	22.4	+2.4 pts
9	Estonia	22.2	-0.6 pts
10	Luxembourg Series break	21.1	+1.2 pts
11	Germany	21	+0.6 pts
12	Croatia	20.9	+0.4 pts
13	Malta	20.3	+0.4 pts
14	Hungary	19.6	+0.2 pts
14	Ireland	19.6	+0.5 pts
16	Belgium	19	-1.3 pts
16	France	19	0 pts
18	Austria	17.3	+0.6 pts
18	Cyprus	17.3	-0.9 pts
18	Denmark	17.3	+0.5 pts
21	Sweden	17.2	-0.5 pts
22	Poland	16.8	-0.2 pts
23	Netherlands	16.6	+0.6 pts
24	Slovakia	15.6	+1.8 pts
25	Finland	14.2	-0.7 pts
26	Slovenia	13.2	-1.1 pts
27	Czechia	10.7	-0.8 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

People who are at risk of poverty (equivalised disposable income below 60% of the national median after social transfers), severely materially and socially deprived, or living in a household with very low work intensity, as a percentage of the total population. Each person is counted once even if more than one condition applies.

The headline EU 2030 social target indicator, in the definition used since 2021 and back-calculated to 2015. Wider than the at-risk-of-poverty rate (at_risk_of_poverty_rate), which counts low income only. From the EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC). Income refers to the previous calendar year in most countries. Eurostat flags series breaks; they are stored as status break.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc_peps01n). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_peps01n/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc_peps01n) (EU countries by at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE), 2021) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_peps01n/default/table

MLA 9

Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc_peps01n), EU countries by at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE), 2021. Eurostat, European Commission, 5 Oct. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_peps01n/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/at-risk-of-poverty-or-social-exclusion-rate/eu-countries?period=2021. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc_peps01n). EU countries by at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE), 2021. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_peps01n/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/at-risk-of-poverty-or-social-exclusion-rate/eu-countries?period=2021.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc_peps01n), EU countries by at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE), 2021 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_peps01n/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/at-risk-of-poverty-or-social-exclusion-rate/eu-countries?period=2021 (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{eurostat_eu_countries_by_at_2021,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc\_peps01n): EU countries by at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE), 2021}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_peps01n/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/at-risk-of-poverty-or-social-exclusion-rate/eu-countries?period=2021. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc\_peps01n). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc\_peps01n/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc_peps01n): EU countries by at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE), 2021
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/05
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_peps01n/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/at-risk-of-poverty-or-social-exclusion-rate/eu-countries?period=2021
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/at-risk-of-poverty-or-social-exclusion-rate/eu-countries?period=2021.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc_peps01n). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_peps01n/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.
ER  -

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Rank EU countries by at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE) using official data, and cite the source.

rank_places {"indicator":"at_risk_of_poverty_or_social_exclusion_rate","level":"country","within":"European Union (27)","limit":10}
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE)?

Romania, with 34.4% in 2021, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which EU country has the lowest at risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE)?

Czechia, with 10.7% in 2021.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion, percentage of the total population (ilc_peps01n). Retrieved 2026-10-18.