US cities by unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate)

Darby, PA had the highest unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate) of 3214 cities in 2023, at 20.1%. Holmen, WI had the lowest, at 0%. The median was 4.8% and the figure for the United States was 5.2%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest20.1Darby, PA

Lowest0Holmen, WI

Median4.83214 cities

United States5.2History

Top 40 cities, 2023

%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	Cities	2023 (%)	Change on 2022
1	Darby, PA	20.1	+6.1 pts
2	California City, CA	18.5	+1.6 pts
3	Calexico, CA	18.3	+0.2 pts
4	East Cleveland, OH	17.7	-1.6 pts
5	Chester, PA	17.6	+1.7 pts
6	Flint, MI	17.4	-0.2 pts
7	Clearlake, CA	16.9	+0.2 pts
8	Lindsay, CA	15.8	-1.3 pts
9	Brawley, CA	15.5	-2.7 pts
10	Coolidge, AZ	15.3	-3.7 pts
11	Crowley, LA	15.3	+0.5 pts
12	East St. Louis, IL	15.3	+2.2 pts
13	Lake Station, IN	14.9	-3.4 pts
14	Boone, NC	14.8	-1.8 pts
15	Bogalusa, LA	14.8	+3.2 pts
16	Hazel Crest, IL	14.7	+1 pts
17	College Park, GA	14.7	+1.7 pts
18	Selma, AL	14.4	+1.5 pts
19	Galena Park, TX	14.3	-0.1 pts
20	Nogales, AZ	14.2	+1.1 pts
21	Detroit, MI	14.2	-0.5 pts
22	Camden, NJ	14.1	-0.5 pts
22	Riverdale, IL	14.1	-2.2 pts
24	Exeter, CA	14	+0.4 pts
25	Baker, LA	14	+1.4 pts
26	New Castle, PA	13.8	-1.7 pts
27	West Memphis, AR	13.5	+0.2 pts
28	Oxford, OH	13.5	+2.6 pts
29	Eastpointe, MI	13.4	+1.2 pts
30	Kinston, NC	13.2	-0.4 pts
31	Arcata, CA	13.2	-0.6 pts
31	Roma, TX	13.2	-0.7 pts
33	Gary, IN	13	-0.6 pts
34	Harvey, IL	12.9	-1.7 pts
35	Coalinga, CA	12.8	+1.1 pts
36	Inkster, MI	12.8	+1.1 pts
36	Port Townsend, WA	12.8	-0.9 pts
38	Perth Amboy, NJ	12.8	+1.4 pts
39	Cheney, WA	12.7	-0.3 pts
40	Chicago Heights, IL	12.7	-1.1 pts
41	Atlantic City, NJ	12.6	-0.4 pts
42	Burlington, NJ	12.5	+2.8 pts
42	Newman, CA	12.5	+1.1 pts
44	Talladega, AL	12.5	-1.8 pts
45	Belle Glade, FL	12.4	-0.1 pts
45	Reedley, CA	12.4	+1 pts
47	Selma, CA	12.3	+2 pts
48	Ashtabula, OH	12.3	-1.3 pts
49	Merced, CA	12.3	-0.3 pts
50	Monroe, GA	12.2	+1 pts
51	Reading, PA	12.1	+0.8 pts
52	Macomb, IL	12.1	+0.8 pts
53	Richton Park, IL	12	-0.3 pts
54	Conneaut, OH	12	-0 pts
55	Youngstown, OH	11.9	-1.3 pts
56	Madera, CA	11.9	-0.9 pts
57	Arvin, CA	11.9	+0.8 pts
58	Bullhead City, AZ	11.8	+1.8 pts
59	Moss Point, MS	11.8	+2 pts
60	Bay City, TX	11.8	+0.7 pts
61	Orangeburg, SC	11.8	-0.7 pts
62	Hamtramck, MI	11.7	-0 pts
63	Blue Island, IL	11.7	-2.7 pts
64	Mendota, CA	11.6	+0.3 pts
65	Robstown, TX	11.6	+1.3 pts
66	Adelanto, CA	11.6	+0.2 pts
67	Victorville, CA	11.6	+1.3 pts
68	Albany, GA	11.5	+1.2 pts
69	Saginaw, MI	11.5	-0.2 pts
70	Cleveland, OH	11.5	-0.4 pts
71	Corcoran, CA	11.4	+0.2 pts
72	Rio Vista, CA	11.4	-2 pts
73	Delano, CA	11.4	+1.5 pts
74	Douglas, AZ	11.4	-0.6 pts
74	Petersburg, VA	11.4	0 pts
76	Worth, IL	11.4	+0.5 pts
77	Passaic, NJ	11.4	-0.5 pts
78	Gaffney, SC	11.3	+1.9 pts
79	Maple Heights, OH	11.3	+2.9 pts
80	Niles, MI	11.2	-0.9 pts
81	Blytheville, AR	11.2	-2.4 pts
82	Richmond Heights, OH	11.1	+0.9 pts
83	Atwater, CA	11	-0 pts
83	York, PA	11	-1 pts
85	Blackfoot, ID	10.9	+2.1 pts
86	Dinuba, CA	10.9	-0.1 pts
86	Dolton, IL	10.9	-1.8 pts
88	Newark, NJ	10.9	+0.1 pts
89	Jackson, MI	10.8	-0 pts
89	San Luis, AZ	10.8	+0.7 pts
91	Livingston, CA	10.8	+0.7 pts
92	West Park, FL	10.7	+2.1 pts
93	Monroe, LA	10.7	-0 pts
94	Lemoore, CA	10.7	-0.4 pts
94	Raymondville, TX	10.7	-1.9 pts
96	Matteson, IL	10.6	-1.8 pts
96	Pontiac, MI	10.6	+1.1 pts
98	Centralia, IL	10.6	-1.8 pts
98	Red Bluff, CA	10.6	+1.9 pts
100	Forrest City, AR	10.6	+1.3 pts
101	DeKalb, IL	10.6	-0.1 pts
102	Hartford, CT	10.6	-0.1 pts
103	Killeen, TX	10.6	-0.3 pts
103	New Carrollton, MD	10.6	-0.4 pts
105	Prichard, AL	10.5	-0 pts
106	Parlier, CA	10.5	+3.6 pts
106	Rancho Mirage, CA	10.5	-0.1 pts
108	Klamath Falls, OR	10.5	+2.3 pts
109	Trenton, NJ	10.5	+0.3 pts
110	Jesup, GA	10.5	+4.2 pts
111	Portsmouth, OH	10.4	-1 pts
112	Kent, OH	10.4	-0.3 pts
113	Ceres, CA	10.4	-0.1 pts
113	Salisbury, MD	10.4	+0.5 pts
115	Markham, IL	10.4	-3.6 pts
116	Coachella, CA	10.4	-1.5 pts
117	Vermillion, SD	10.3	+0.3 pts
118	Barstow, CA	10.3	+1.2 pts
119	East Orange, NJ	10.3	-1.3 pts
119	Lincoln Park, NJ	10.3	-0.5 pts
121	Laurinburg, NC	10.3	-0.9 pts
121	Opelousas, LA	10.3	-0.7 pts
123	Fulton, NY	10.3	+1.2 pts
123	Ridgefield Park, NJ	10.3	-0.1 pts
125	Sunnyside, WA	10.2	+1.3 pts
126	Johnson City, NY	10.2	-1 pts
126	Paterson, NJ	10.2	-0.2 pts
128	Clarksdale, MS	10.2	-2.4 pts
129	Greenville, MS	10.2	-1.3 pts
130	West Chicago, IL	10.2	-0.3 pts
131	Peru, IN	10.2	+3.8 pts
132	Calabasas, CA	10.2	+0.7 pts
133	McKeesport, PA	10.1	+2.3 pts
134	Horizon City, TX	10.1	+0.1 pts
134	Jennings, MO	10.1	-0.1 pts
136	Center Point, AL	10.1	+0.1 pts
136	South Holland, IL	10.1	-4 pts
138	Bainbridge, GA	10.1	+0.6 pts
139	Central Falls, RI	10	+1.7 pts
140	Zebulon, NC	10	+1 pts
141	Okmulgee, OK	10	+0.8 pts
142	New Iberia, LA	10	+1 pts
143	Fulton, MO	9.9	-0.6 pts
144	Oak Park, MI	9.9	-0 pts
145	El Centro, CA	9.9	-0.3 pts
146	Radcliff, KY	9.9	+0.8 pts
146	Rio Grande City, TX	9.9	+1 pts
148	Whitehall, OH	9.9	-0.8 pts
149	Binghamton, NY	9.8	-0.3 pts
149	Gulfport, MS	9.8	-1.6 pts
151	Sandusky, OH	9.8	+0.4 pts
152	Lansing, IL	9.8	-1.2 pts
153	Lynwood, CA	9.8	+0.1 pts
154	Dayton, OH	9.7	-0.2 pts
154	Fort Pierce, FL	9.7	-0.7 pts
154	Newport, RI	9.7	-0.3 pts
157	Niagara Falls, NY	9.7	+0.7 pts
158	Lebanon, PA	9.7	-0.3 pts
159	Avon Park, FL	9.7	-2.1 pts
159	Hesperia, CA	9.7	-0.1 pts
161	Wayne, MI	9.6	+0.4 pts
162	Somers Point, NJ	9.6	+0.4 pts
162	Warrensville Heights, OH	9.6	-0.5 pts
164	North Plainfield, NJ	9.6	-0 pts
165	Statesboro, GA	9.6	-1.7 pts
166	Conyers, GA	9.6	-1 pts
166	Huntington Park, CA	9.6	-0.5 pts
168	Pine Bluff, AR	9.6	-0.3 pts
169	Reidsville, NC	9.5	-0.5 pts
170	Pascagoula, MS	9.5	-2.5 pts
171	Hempstead, NY	9.5	+1.1 pts
171	Orange, TX	9.5	+0.7 pts
173	Oakdale, CA	9.5	+0.9 pts
174	Elmira, NY	9.4	-0.4 pts
175	Calumet City, IL	9.4	+0.3 pts
175	Kinnelon, NJ	9.4	+0.5 pts
177	Jackson, MS	9.4	+0.1 pts
177	Wilkinsburg, PA	9.4	+0.9 pts
179	Artesia, CA	9.4	+0.3 pts
180	Harrisburg, PA	9.4	+0.4 pts
181	Troy, NY	9.4	-0.3 pts
182	Hopewell, VA	9.3	+0.6 pts
183	Cahokia Heights, IL	9.3	-2 pts
183	Muskegon, MI	9.3	-1.1 pts
185	Columbus, MS	9.3	-0.5 pts
185	South Houston, TX	9.3	+0.1 pts
187	McFarland, CA	9.3	+2.9 pts
187	Plainfield, NJ	9.3	-1 pts
189	Carbondale, IL	9.3	-0.3 pts
189	Port Huron, MI	9.3	0 pts
191	Hallandale Beach, FL	9.3	-0 pts
192	Mount Pleasant, MI	9.3	-0.2 pts
192	Waterbury, CT	9.3	-0.5 pts
194	Alamo, TX	9.2	-0.1 pts
194	Sanger, CA	9.2	+1 pts
196	Mineral Wells, TX	9.2	+1.1 pts
197	Circleville, OH	9.2	-0.1 pts
198	Chowchilla, CA	9.2	-0.9 pts
199	Rincon, GA	9.2	+3.3 pts
200	Clarkston, GA	9.2	+0.6 pts
200	Clute, TX	9.2	+0.6 pts
200	El Cajon, CA	9.2	+1 pts
203	Porterville, CA	9.1	-0.9 pts
204	Garfield Heights, OH	9.1	-0.7 pts
204	Ozark, AL	9.1	-1 pts
206	Butler, PA	9.1	-0.3 pts
207	Baton Rouge, LA	9.1	+0.5 pts
208	Lathrop, CA	9	+0.1 pts
209	Greenville, NC	9	+0.3 pts
209	Huntsville, TX	9	+0.1 pts
209	Los Banos, CA	9	+1.2 pts
212	Hanford, CA	9	+0.8 pts
213	Locust Grove, GA	9	+0.5 pts
213	Lodi, CA	9	-0.5 pts
213	Springfield, OH	9	-0.1 pts
216	Gonzales, LA	9	+0.1 pts
217	Sharon, PA	9	+1.6 pts
218	Amherst Town, MA	9	-0.3 pts
218	Hinesville, GA	9	+0.3 pts
218	Wallington, NJ	9	+1.4 pts
221	Marion, OH	9	+0.3 pts
221	Vernal, UT	9	+0.1 pts
223	Baytown, TX	9	-0.2 pts
224	Decatur, IL	8.9	+0.1 pts
224	Dublin, GA	8.9	+1.5 pts
226	Lawndale, CA	8.9	+0.7 pts
226	South River, NJ	8.9	-1.4 pts
228	Gadsden, AL	8.9	+0.1 pts
229	Hazelwood, MO	8.9	-0.7 pts
229	Lima, OH	8.9	+0.3 pts
229	Tehachapi, CA	8.9	+0.3 pts
232	Leesburg, FL	8.9	-1.5 pts
232	Woodbury, NY	8.9	+2.4 pts
234	Shreveport, LA	8.9	-0.3 pts
235	Beach Park, IL	8.9	+1.5 pts
235	Bridgeport, CT	8.9	-0.7 pts
237	Crossville, TN	8.9	-1.7 pts
237	Cudahy, CA	8.9	-0.4 pts
237	Danville, IL	8.9	-0.4 pts
237	Schenectady, NY	8.9	-0.5 pts
237	Warren, OH	8.9	+0.3 pts
242	Avenal, CA	8.9	-3.2 pts
243	Nacogdoches, TX	8.8	+0.6 pts
244	Allentown, PA	8.8	-0.4 pts
244	Alpena, MI	8.8	-0.1 pts
244	Cocoa Beach, FL	8.8	+1.4 pts
244	Romulus, MI	8.8	-1 pts
244	San Jacinto, CA	8.8	+0.5 pts
249	Apple Valley, CA	8.8	-0.3 pts
250	Chelsea, MA	8.8	-0.1 pts

Showing the top 250 of 3214. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

2024
2023
2022
2021

About this ranking

Unemployed civilians aged 16 and over as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over. United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.

An average over five years of survey responses, so it moves slowly. The official monthly and annual rates for states and counties are unemployment_rate, from BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the cities are compared on one definition. 5 cities with data in other periods have no value for 2023 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more) (US cities by unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b23025.dat

MLA 9

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), US cities by unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b23025.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/unemployment-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). US cities by unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b23025.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/unemployment-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2023.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), US cities by unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b23025.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/unemployment-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_cities_by_unemployment_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): US cities by unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b23025.dat},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/unemployment-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): US cities by unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b23025.dat
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/unemployment-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/unemployment-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Rank US cities by unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate) using official data, and cite the source.

rank_places {"indicator":"unemployment_rate_acs","level":"municipality","within":"United States","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=unemployment_rate_acs&level=municipality&within=United%20States&limit=10

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Questions

Which city has the highest unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

Darby, PA, with 20.1% in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which city has the lowest unemployment rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

Holmen, WI, with 0% in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force aged 16 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Retrieved 2026-10-12. 5 cities have no value for 2023 and are not ranked.