US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services

California had the highest nonemployer business receipts: educational services of 51 states in 2021, at $1.81 billion. North Dakota had the lowest, at $16.66 million. The median was $156.91 million and the figure for the United States was $13.63 billion. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest1,808.2California

Lowest16.7North Dakota

Median156.951 states

United States13,634.7History

Map of states, 2021

Under 50
50 to 70
70 to 160
160 to 260
260 to 420
420 and over

USD million, 2021. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2021

USD million. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2021 USD million	Change on 2020
1	California	1,808.2	+14.2%
2	Texas	1,155.3	+16.1%
3	New York	1,090.8	+19.6%
4	Florida	1,090	+16.2%
5	New Jersey	525	+18.6%
6	Pennsylvania	478.4	+15.1%
7	Georgia	462	+17.1%
8	Illinois	459.9	+17.5%
9	Massachusetts	422.8	+14.1%
10	North Carolina	407.7	+14%
11	Virginia	397.5	+15.1%
12	Ohio	369	+18.5%
13	Michigan	351.4	+20.2%
14	Colorado	323.2	+15.3%
15	Washington	318.6	+14%
16	Maryland	313.4	+15.7%
17	Arizona	298.1	+24.1%
18	Tennessee	246	+16%
19	Connecticut	231.6	+18.4%
20	Minnesota	196.1	+13.7%
21	Indiana	183.5	+18.5%
22	South Carolina	176.5	+13.2%
23	Oregon	169.9	+13.9%
24	Utah	169.3	+16.6%
25	Missouri	168.5	+15.3%
26	Wisconsin	156.9	+17%
27	Louisiana	136.9	+19.5%
28	Alabama	130.5	+18.3%
29	Nevada	118.7	+16.4%
30	Kentucky	102.4	+13.6%
31	Oklahoma	95.6	+12.9%
32	Kansas	92.5	+18.9%
33	New Hampshire	77.7	+10.6%
34	New Mexico	76.2	+15.7%
35	Hawaii	71.1	+20.3%
36	Idaho	70.8	+9.3%
37	Arkansas	68.7	+11.4%
38	Iowa	68.4	+14.1%
39	Mississippi	68	+19.6%
40	Delaware	58.8	+27.5%
41	Maine	56.6	+16.4%
42	District of Columbia	56.1	+9.1%
43	Rhode Island	47.2	+19.8%
44	Nebraska	44.5	+12.4%
45	Vermont	41.7	+16.9%
46	Montana	40.2	+19.1%
47	West Virginia	39.1	+34.2%
48	Wyoming	33.1	+33.7%
49	Alaska	29.6	+11.8%
50	South Dakota	23.9	+21.5%
51	North Dakota	16.7	+22.1%

Other periods

About this ranking

Receipts of businesses without paid employees in educational services (NAICS 61), in millions of current US dollars, from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year. Receipts are published in thousands of dollars with noise added to protect individual businesses, and are not adjusted for inflation.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2024). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes (US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2021) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2021. U.S. Census Bureau, 14 Mar. 2024, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2021. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2024. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2021. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2021.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2024) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2021 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2021 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2021,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2021}},
  year = {2024},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2021. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2021
PY  - 2024
DA  - 2024/03/14
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2021
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2021.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer business receipts: educational services?

California, with $1.81 billion in 2021, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer business receipts: educational services?

North Dakota, with $16.66 million in 2021.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.