US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services

California had the highest nonemployer business receipts: educational services of 51 states in 2018, at $1.8 billion. North Dakota had the lowest, at $13.75 million. The median was $126.92 million and the figure for the United States was $11.88 billion. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest1,804.8California

Lowest13.8North Dakota

Median126.951 states

United States11,875.1History

Map of states, 2018

Under 40
40 to 70
70 to 130
130 to 200
200 to 360
360 and over

USD million, 2018. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2018

USD million. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2018 USD million	Change on 2017
1	California Series break	1,804.8	+8.2%
2	New York Series break	994.2	+8.5%
3	Texas Series break	958.5	+11.2%
4	Florida Series break	865.7	+11.9%
5	New Jersey Series break	468	+8.2%
6	Pennsylvania Series break	423.9	+6.6%
7	Illinois Series break	421.7	+10.7%
8	Massachusetts Series break	395.4	+9.9%
9	Georgia Series break	360.6	+11.8%
10	Virginia Series break	344.6	+9.4%
11	North Carolina Series break	336.8	+13.5%
12	Ohio Series break	320.3	+9.2%
13	Michigan Series break	311.5	+8.1%
14	Washington Series break	284.7	+12.3%
15	Maryland Series break	282.2	+8.1%
16	Colorado Series break	261.3	+7.3%
17	Arizona Series break	225.1	+11.8%
18	Connecticut Series break	194.2	+5.7%
19	Tennessee Series break	189.1	+14%
20	Minnesota Series break	187.4	+7.8%
21	Indiana Series break	160.1	+11.2%
22	Oregon Series break	145.5	+8.9%
23	Missouri Series break	144.2	+16.6%
24	Utah Series break	141.3	+16.5%
25	South Carolina Series break	134.1	+10.4%
26	Wisconsin Series break	126.9	+12.5%
27	Louisiana Series break	116.7	+12.2%
28	Alabama Series break	105.5	+12.6%
29	Kentucky Series break	94.5	+13.7%
30	Nevada Series break	93.6	+6.3%
31	Oklahoma Series break	81.7	+13.3%
32	Kansas Series break	69.4	+9.8%
33	New Hampshire Series break	68.8	+10.5%
34	New Mexico Series break	66.8	+9.7%
35	Hawaii Series break	61.8	+9.6%
36	Iowa Series break	60.6	+11.2%
37	Mississippi Series break	59.4	+12.5%
38	Arkansas Series break	58.8	+9.8%
39	Idaho Series break	57.5	+20.9%
40	District of Columbia Series break	49.7	+4.6%
41	Maine Series break	49.4	+4.3%
42	Rhode Island Series break	40.6	+16.9%
43	Nebraska Series break	40.5	+9.9%
44	Delaware Series break	39.7	+7.5%
45	Vermont Series break	34.8	+5.1%
46	West Virginia Series break	28.9	+8.2%
47	Montana Series break	28.8	+9.2%
48	Alaska Series break	28.4	+7.5%
49	Wyoming Series break	24.6	+27.7%
50	South Dakota Series break	18.8	-0.6%
51	North Dakota Series break	13.8	+18.3%

Other periods

About this ranking

Receipts of businesses without paid employees in educational services (NAICS 61), in millions of current US dollars, from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year. Receipts are published in thousands of dollars with noise added to protect individual businesses, and are not adjusted for inflation.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2020). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes (US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2018) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2018. U.S. Census Bureau, 21 May 2020, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2018. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2020. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2018. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2018.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2020) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2018 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2018 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2018,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2018}},
  year = {2020},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2018. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2018
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/05/21
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2018
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2018.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer business receipts: educational services?

California, with $1.8 billion in 2018, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer business receipts: educational services?

North Dakota, with $13.75 million in 2018.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.