US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services

California had the highest nonemployer business receipts: educational services of 51 states in 2017, at $1.67 billion. North Dakota had the lowest, at $11.63 million. The median was $112.81 million and the figure for the United States was $10.8 billion. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest1,667.5California

Lowest11.6North Dakota

Median112.851 states

United States10,803.3History

Map of states, 2017

Under 40
40 to 60
60 to 110
110 to 190
190 to 320
320 and over

USD million, 2017. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2017

USD million. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2017 USD million	Change on 2016
1	California	1,667.5	+6%
2	New York	916	+4.8%
3	Texas	861.9	+7.3%
4	Florida	773.7	+15.3%
5	New Jersey	432.6	+6.9%
6	Pennsylvania	397.7	+3.5%
7	Illinois	380.8	+2.5%
8	Massachusetts	359.7	+2.9%
9	Georgia	322.6	+7.3%
10	Virginia	315	+4.2%
11	North Carolina	296.8	+6.2%
12	Ohio	293.4	+4.3%
13	Michigan	288.2	+2.7%
14	Maryland	261	+3.3%
15	Washington	253.5	+5.2%
16	Colorado	243.5	+10%
17	Arizona	201.2	+4.4%
18	Connecticut	183.8	+5%
19	Minnesota	173.8	+1%
20	Tennessee	166	+11.1%
21	Indiana	144	+3.2%
22	Oregon	133.6	+4%
23	Missouri	123.6	+4%
24	South Carolina	121.5	+3.7%
25	Utah	121.2	+12.3%
26	Wisconsin	112.8	-1.2%
27	Louisiana	104	+5.5%
28	Alabama	93.7	+2.2%
29	Nevada	88	+9.5%
30	Kentucky	83.1	+11.3%
31	Oklahoma	72.1	+6.4%
32	Kansas	63.2	+10.7%
33	New Hampshire	62.3	+5.7%
34	New Mexico	60.9	+9.3%
35	Hawaii	56.3	+11.8%
36	Iowa	54.5	+2%
37	Arkansas	53.5	+4%
38	Mississippi	52.9	+5.2%
39	Idaho	47.6	+13%
40	District of Columbia	47.5	+0.5%
41	Maine	47.4	+7.7%
42	Delaware	37	+0.8%
43	Nebraska	36.8	-2.2%
44	Rhode Island	34.7	-5.9%
45	Vermont	33.1	+6.4%
46	West Virginia	26.7	+3.4%
47	Alaska	26.4	-0.9%
48	Montana	26.4	-1%
49	Wyoming	19.3	+8.9%
50	South Dakota	18.9	+9.3%
51	North Dakota	11.6	+3.1%

Other periods

About this ranking

Receipts of businesses without paid employees in educational services (NAICS 61), in millions of current US dollars, from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year. Receipts are published in thousands of dollars with noise added to protect individual businesses, and are not adjusted for inflation.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2017/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2019). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes (US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2017) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2017/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2017. U.S. Census Bureau, 27 June 2019, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2017/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2017. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2019. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2017. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2017/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2017.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2019) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2017 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2017/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2017 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2017,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2017}},
  year = {2019},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2017/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2017. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2017/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2017
PY  - 2019
DA  - 2019/06/27
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2017/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2017
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2017.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2017/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer business receipts: educational services?

California, with $1.67 billion in 2017, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer business receipts: educational services?

North Dakota, with $11.63 million in 2017.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.