US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services

California had the highest nonemployer business receipts: educational services of 51 states in 2020, at $1.58 billion. North Dakota had the lowest, at $13.64 million. The median was $134.09 million and the figure for the United States was $11.71 billion. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest1,584California

Lowest13.6North Dakota

Median134.151 states

United States11,714.1History

Map of states, 2020

Under 40
40 to 70
70 to 130
130 to 220
220 to 370
370 and over

USD million, 2020. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2020

USD million. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2020 USD million	Change on 2019
1	California	1,584	-21.6%
2	Texas	995.3	-11.1%
3	Florida	938.2	-6.8%
4	New York	911.7	-15.2%
5	New Jersey	442.7	-15.6%
6	Pennsylvania	415.7	-15%
7	Georgia	394.7	-7.5%
8	Illinois	391.5	-14.9%
9	Massachusetts	370.6	-16.1%
10	North Carolina	357.6	-9.3%
11	Virginia	345.2	-11.3%
12	Ohio	311.4	-12.6%
13	Michigan	292.4	-15.8%
14	Colorado	280.4	-8.7%
15	Washington	279.5	-15%
16	Maryland	270.9	-14.8%
17	Arizona	240.3	-13.6%
18	Tennessee	212	-6.1%
19	Connecticut	195.6	-9.9%
20	Minnesota	172.5	-14.8%
21	South Carolina	156	-5.2%
22	Indiana	154.8	-12.6%
23	Oregon	149.2	-13.3%
24	Missouri	146.1	-11.3%
25	Utah	145.2	-8.8%
26	Wisconsin	134.1	-8.7%
27	Louisiana	114.6	-14.2%
28	Alabama	110.3	-9.9%
29	Nevada	102	-8.9%
30	Kentucky	90.2	-12.5%
31	Oklahoma	84.7	-11.6%
32	Kansas	77.8	-8.8%
33	New Hampshire	70.3	-10.3%
34	New Mexico	65.8	-12.9%
35	Idaho	64.8	-2.9%
36	Arkansas	61.7	-10.8%
37	Iowa	60	-14.4%
38	Hawaii	59.1	-20.1%
39	Mississippi	56.9	-19.4%
40	District of Columbia	51.4	+2.7%
41	Maine	48.7	-21.1%
42	Delaware	46.1	+3.7%
43	Nebraska	39.5	-13.4%
44	Rhode Island	39.4	-16.8%
45	Vermont	35.7	-9.4%
46	Montana	33.7	-5.7%
47	West Virginia	29.1	-10.7%
48	Alaska	26.5	-10.4%
49	Wyoming	24.7	-5.2%
50	South Dakota	19.7	-7.9%
51	North Dakota	13.6	-14%

Other periods

About this ranking

Receipts of businesses without paid employees in educational services (NAICS 61), in millions of current US dollars, from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year. Receipts are published in thousands of dollars with noise added to protect individual businesses, and are not adjusted for inflation.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2023). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes (US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2020) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2020. U.S. Census Bureau, 17 Aug. 2023, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2020. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2023. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2020. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2020.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2023) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2020 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2020 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2020,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2020}},
  year = {2023},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2020. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2020
PY  - 2023
DA  - 2023/08/17
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2020
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2020.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer business receipts: educational services?

California, with $1.58 billion in 2020, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer business receipts: educational services?

North Dakota, with $13.64 million in 2020.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.