US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services

California had the highest nonemployer business receipts: educational services of 51 states in 2016, at $1.57 billion. North Dakota had the lowest, at $11.28 million. The median was $107.93 million and the figure for the United States was $10.2 billion. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest1,572.6California

Lowest11.3North Dakota

Median107.951 states

United States10,197.4History

Map of states, 2016

Under 40
40 to 50
50 to 110
110 to 180
180 to 300
300 and over

USD million, 2016. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2016

USD million. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2016 USD million	Change on 2015
1	California	1,572.6	+4%
2	New York	873.8	+3.6%
3	Texas	803	-0%
4	Florida	671.1	-0.4%
5	New Jersey	404.8	+4.1%
6	Pennsylvania	384.4	+3.7%
7	Illinois	371.6	+1.5%
8	Massachusetts	349.5	+2.7%
9	Virginia	302.5	+1.4%
10	Georgia	300.6	-0.4%
11	Ohio	281.4	+4.9%
12	Michigan	280.7	+2.8%
13	North Carolina	279.6	+2.9%
14	Maryland	252.8	+4.2%
15	Washington	240.9	+3.8%
16	Colorado	221.3	+1.2%
17	Arizona	192.8	+6%
18	Connecticut	175.1	+4.4%
19	Minnesota	172	+4.1%
20	Tennessee	149.4	+6.3%
21	Indiana	139.5	+2.9%
22	Oregon	128.5	+9.3%
23	Missouri	118.9	+1.8%
24	South Carolina	117.2	+8.5%
25	Wisconsin	114.2	-0.1%
26	Utah	107.9	+2.6%
27	Louisiana	98.5	+7.5%
28	Alabama	91.7	+3.7%
29	Nevada	80.4	+15.9%
30	Kentucky	74.7	+2.4%
31	Oklahoma	67.8	+1%
32	New Hampshire	58.9	-0.5%
33	Kansas	57.1	+1.6%
34	New Mexico	55.7	-1.5%
35	Iowa	53.4	+5.7%
36	Arkansas	51.4	+3.1%
37	Hawaii	50.4	+2.4%
38	Mississippi	50.3	+4.9%
39	District of Columbia	47.3	+6.3%
40	Maine	44	+4.8%
41	Idaho	42.1	-0.4%
42	Nebraska	37.7	+8.9%
43	Rhode Island	36.9	+10.2%
44	Delaware	36.7	+17.5%
45	Vermont	31.2	-1.8%
46	Montana	26.6	+10.8%
47	Alaska	26.6	+11.2%
48	West Virginia	25.9	+3.1%
49	Wyoming	17.7	+7.4%
50	South Dakota	17.3	+15.3%
51	North Dakota	11.3	-8.6%

Other periods

About this ranking

Receipts of businesses without paid employees in educational services (NAICS 61), in millions of current US dollars, from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year. Receipts are published in thousands of dollars with noise added to protect individual businesses, and are not adjusted for inflation.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2016/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2018). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes (US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2016) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2016/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2016. U.S. Census Bureau, 21 June 2018, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2016/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2016. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2018. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2016. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2016/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2016.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2018) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2016 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2016/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2016 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2016,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2016}},
  year = {2018},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2016/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2016. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2016/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: educational services, 2016
PY  - 2018
DA  - 2018/06/21
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2016/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2016
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-educational-services/us-states?period=2016.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2016/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer business receipts: educational services?

California, with $1.57 billion in 2016, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer business receipts: educational services?

North Dakota, with $11.28 million in 2016.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.