Data / Rankings / Natural change rate / NUTS 3 areas of Germany

NUTS 3 areas of Germany by natural change rate

München, Kreisfreie Stadt had the highest natural change rate of 400 areas in 2023, at 2 per 1,000 inhabitants. Dessau-Roßlau, Kreisfreie Stadt had the lowest, at -12.9 per 1,000 inhabitants. The median was -4.4 per 1,000 inhabitants and the figure for Germany was -4 per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest2München, Kreisfreie Stadt
Lowest-12.9Dessau-Roßlau, Kreisfreie Stadt
Median-4.4400 areas
Germany-4History

Top 40 areas, 2023

München, Kreisfreie Stadt: 2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMünchen, Kreisfreie Stadt2Offenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsOffenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Sta…1.9Frankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsFrankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Sta…1.4Vechta: 0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsVechta0.9Freising: 0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsFreising0.8Freiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsFreiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis0.7Cloppenburg: 0.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCloppenburg0.4Tübingen, Landkreis: 0.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsTübingen, Landkreis0.4Ingolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt: 0.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsIngolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt0.2Mainz, Kreisfreie Stadt: 0.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMainz, Kreisfreie Stadt0.2Ulm, Stadtkreis: 0.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsUlm, Stadtkreis0.2Erding: -0.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsErding-0.1Böblingen: -0.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsBöblingen-0.2Biberach: -0.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiberach-0.3Eichstätt: -0.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsEichstätt-0.3Darmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt: -0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsDarmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.5Memmingen, Kreisfreie Stadt: -0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsMemmingen, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.5Pfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm: -0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsPfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm-0.5Stuttgart, Stadtkreis: -0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsStuttgart, Stadtkreis-0.5Tuttlingen: -0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsTuttlingen-0.5Alb-Donau-Kreis: -0.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlb-Donau-Kreis-0.6Ludwigsburg: -0.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsLudwigsburg-0.6Hamburg: -0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsHamburg-0.7Heidelberg, Stadtkreis: -0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsHeidelberg, Stadtkreis-0.7Rosenheim, Kreisfreie Stadt: -0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsRosenheim, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.7Ebersberg: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsEbersberg-0.8Heilbronn, Stadtkreis: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsHeilbronn, Stadtkreis-0.8Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Kreisfreie Stadt: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLudwigshafen am Rhein, Kreisfreie…-0.8Neu-Ulm: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsNeu-Ulm-0.8Regensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsRegensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.8Erlangen, Kreisfreie Stadt: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsErlangen, Kreisfreie Stadt-1Landshut, Landkreis: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsLandshut, Landkreis-1Münster, Kreisfreie Stadt: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsMünster, Kreisfreie Stadt-1Landsberg am Lech: -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsLandsberg am Lech-1.1Berlin: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsBerlin-1.2Dachau: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsDachau-1.2Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsKöln, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.2Neumarkt i. d. OPf.: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsNeumarkt i. d. OPf.-1.2Ravensburg: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsRavensburg-1.2Schwäbisch Hall: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsSchwäbisch Hall-1.2
per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankAreas2023
per 1,000 inhabitants		Change on 2022
1München, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break2-0.3 pts
2Offenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break1.9+0.1 pts
3Frankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break1.4-0.5 pts
4Vechta Series break0.9+0.1 pts
5Freising Series break0.8-0.3 pts
6Freiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis Series break0.7-0.5 pts
7Cloppenburg Series break0.4-0.3 pts
7Tübingen, Landkreis Series break0.40 pts
9Ingolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break0.2-0.2 pts
9Mainz, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break0.2+0.2 pts
9Ulm, Stadtkreis Series break0.2+0.8 pts
12Erding Series break-0.1-0.4 pts
13Böblingen Series break-0.2+0.3 pts
14Biberach Series break-0.3-0.3 pts
14Eichstätt Series break-0.3-0.8 pts
16Darmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-0.50 pts
16Memmingen, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-0.5+0.8 pts
16Pfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm Series break-0.5-0.3 pts
16Stuttgart, Stadtkreis Series break-0.5-0.3 pts
16Tuttlingen Series break-0.5-0.4 pts
21Alb-Donau-Kreis Series break-0.6-0.2 pts
21Ludwigsburg Series break-0.60 pts
23Hamburg Series break-0.7-0.3 pts
23Heidelberg, Stadtkreis Series break-0.70 pts
23Rosenheim, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-0.7-0.9 pts
26Ebersberg Series break-0.8-0.8 pts
26Heilbronn, Stadtkreis Series break-0.8+0.6 pts
26Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-0.8-0.2 pts
26Neu-Ulm Series break-0.8+0.4 pts
26Regensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-0.8-0.5 pts
31Erlangen, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-1+0.3 pts
31Landshut, Landkreis Series break-1-0.5 pts
31Münster, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-1-0.2 pts
34Landsberg am Lech Series break-1.1+0.4 pts
35Berlin Series break-1.2-0.1 pts
35Dachau Series break-1.2-0.2 pts
35Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-1.2-0.8 pts
35Neumarkt i. d. OPf. Series break-1.2+0.1 pts
35Ravensburg Series break-1.2-0.2 pts
35Schwäbisch Hall Series break-1.2+0.3 pts
41Aichach-Friedberg Series break-1.3+0.2 pts
41Augsburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-1.3+0.5 pts
41Heilbronn, Landkreis Series break-1.3-0.5 pts
41Pforzheim, Stadtkreis Series break-1.3-0.8 pts
45Augsburg, Landkreis Series break-1.4+0.2 pts
45Hohenlohekreis Series break-1.4+0.7 pts
45Kelheim Series break-1.4-0.4 pts
45Paderborn Series break-1.4-0.4 pts
45Sigmaringen Series break-1.4+0.8 pts
50Bonn, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-1.5-0.5 pts
50Donau-Ries Series break-1.5+0.1 pts
50Esslingen Series break-1.5+0.3 pts
50Fürth, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-1.5-0.4 pts
50Günzburg Series break-1.5+0.1 pts
55Groß-Gerau Series break-1.6-0.3 pts
55Ostallgäu Series break-1.6-0.9 pts
57Mannheim, Stadtkreis Series break-1.7-0.4 pts
57Wiesbaden, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-1.7-0.3 pts
59Kaiserslautern, Landkreis Series break-1.8-0.4 pts
59München, Landkreis Series break-1.80 pts
61Osnabrück, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-1.9+0.5 pts
61Ostalbkreis Series break-1.9+0.1 pts
61Reutlingen Series break-1.9-0.4 pts
61Würzburg, Landkreis Series break-1.9+0.1 pts
65Borken Series break-2+0.2 pts
65Düsseldorf, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2-1 pts
65Karlsruhe, Stadtkreis Series break-2+0.1 pts
65Kempten (Allgäu), Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2+0.2 pts
65Neuburg-Schrobenhausen Series break-2-0.4 pts
70Alzey-Worms Series break-2.10 pts
70Calw Series break-2.10 pts
70Emsland Series break-2.1-0.7 pts
70Neustadt a. d. Waldnaab Series break-2.1-0.3 pts
70Offenbach, Landkreis Series break-2.1+0.3 pts
70Unterallgäu Series break-2.1-0.6 pts
76Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen Series break-2.2-0.8 pts
76Dillingen a.d. Donau Series break-2.2-0.7 pts
76Emmendingen Series break-2.2-1.2 pts
76Kitzingen Series break-2.2+1 pts
76Main-Taunus-Kreis Series break-2.20 pts
76Mühldorf a. Inn Series break-2.2-0.4 pts
76Oldenburg (Oldenburg), Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.2-0.3 pts
76Rottweil Series break-2.2-0.4 pts
84Bodenseekreis Series break-2.3-0.2 pts
84Dingolfing-Landau Series break-2.3-0.5 pts
84Germersheim Series break-2.3+0.1 pts
84Gütersloh Series break-2.3-0.3 pts
84Regensburg, Landkreis Series break-2.3-0.8 pts
89Ansbach, Landkreis Series break-2.4+0.4 pts
89Bielefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.40 pts
89Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald Series break-2.4-0.5 pts
89Fulda Series break-2.4+0.7 pts
89Fürstenfeldbruck Series break-2.4-0.5 pts
89Nürnberg, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.4+0.3 pts
89Rems-Murr-Kreis Series break-2.4-0.6 pts
89Weilheim-Schongau Series break-2.4+0.6 pts
89Worms, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.4+0.3 pts
98Bamberg, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.5+0.5 pts
98Bremen, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.5+0.5 pts
98Göppingen Series break-2.5+0.5 pts
98Kassel, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.5-0.7 pts
98Landau in der Pfalz, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.5+0.5 pts
98Oberallgäu Series break-2.5-0.6 pts
98Steinfurt Series break-2.5-0.1 pts
98Straubing-Bogen Series break-2.5-2.1 pts
106Ortenaukreis Series break-2.60 pts
107Kaufbeuren, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.7+1 pts
107Traunstein Series break-2.7-0.3 pts
109Bamberg, Landkreis Series break-2.80 pts
109Erlangen-Höchstadt Series break-2.8-0.9 pts
109Gießen, Landkreis Series break-2.8-1.2 pts
109Grafschaft Bentheim Series break-2.8-0.7 pts
109Kiel, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.8+0.1 pts
114Aschaffenburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.9+0.1 pts
114Darmstadt-Dieburg Series break-2.9-0.2 pts
114Enzkreis Series break-2.9-1.2 pts
114Gifhorn Series break-2.9-0.4 pts
114Potsdam, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.9-1.1 pts
114Rosenheim, Landkreis Series break-2.9-0.9 pts
114Trier, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-2.9+0.2 pts
121Aschaffenburg, Landkreis Series break-3-0.1 pts
122Coesfeld Series break-3.1-0.3 pts
122Dresden, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.1-0.7 pts
122Freudenstadt Series break-3.1-0.6 pts
122Konstanz Series break-3.1+0.4 pts
122Leipzig, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.1-0.4 pts
122Würzburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.1+0.3 pts
128Deggendorf Series break-3.2+0.3 pts
128Flensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.2+0.9 pts
128Forchheim Series break-3.2-0.2 pts
128Gelsenkirchen, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.2+0.1 pts
132Delmenhorst, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.3-0.1 pts
132Karlsruhe, Landkreis Series break-3.3-0.6 pts
132Miesbach Series break-3.3-1.7 pts
132Osnabrück, Landkreis Series break-3.3+0.2 pts
132Rhein-Sieg-Kreis Series break-3.3+0.1 pts
132Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis Series break-3.3-0.8 pts
138Duisburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.4+1.4 pts
138Harburg Series break-3.4+0.2 pts
138Haßberge Series break-3.40 pts
138Jena, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.4+0.4 pts
138Kaiserslautern, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.4+0.8 pts
138Leverkusen, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.40 pts
138Rhein-Neckar-Kreis Series break-3.4-0.4 pts
138Städteregion Aachen Series break-3.4+0.3 pts
138Warendorf Series break-3.4-0.2 pts
147Amberg-Sulzbach Series break-3.5+0.2 pts
147Dortmund, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.5+0.2 pts
147Landshut, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.5-1.3 pts
147Lörrach Series break-3.5-0.8 pts
147Main-Kinzig-Kreis Series break-3.5-0.5 pts
147Mainz-Bingen Series break-3.5-0.7 pts
147Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis Series break-3.5+1.3 pts
147Rhein-Erft-Kreis Series break-3.5-0.2 pts
147Roth Series break-3.5-0.1 pts
147Zollernalbkreis Series break-3.5+0.4 pts
157Frankenthal (Pfalz), Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.6+1.1 pts
157Garmisch-Partenkirchen Series break-3.6+1.2 pts
157Lindau (Bodensee) Series break-3.6+0.6 pts
157Lüneburg, Landkreis Series break-3.6+0.4 pts
157Neuwied Series break-3.6+0.1 pts
157Straubing, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.6+0.8 pts
157Trier-Saarburg Series break-3.6+0.6 pts
157Verden Series break-3.6+0.9 pts
165Ansbach, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.7-0.4 pts
165Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen Series break-3.70 pts
167Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm Series break-3.8+0.6 pts
167Heidenheim Series break-3.8+0.3 pts
167Marburg-Biedenkopf Series break-3.80 pts
167Passau, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-3.8-0.4 pts
167Region Hannover Series break-3.8-0.2 pts
167Wetteraukreis Series break-3.8-0.4 pts
173Euskirchen Series break-3.9+0.3 pts
173Rastatt Series break-3.9-0.3 pts
175Heinsberg Series break-4-0.2 pts
175Neustadt a. d. Aisch-Bad Windsheim Series break-4+0.2 pts
175Schweinfurt, Landkreis Series break-4-0.5 pts
175Starnberg Series break-4+0.3 pts
179Altötting Series break-4.1-0.7 pts
179Ammerland Series break-4.1-0.5 pts
179Bremerhaven, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.1-0.2 pts
179Düren Series break-4.10 pts
179Passau, Landkreis Series break-4.1-0.5 pts
179Wuppertal, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.1-0.2 pts
185Diepholz Series break-4.2+0.5 pts
185Hamm, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.2+0.2 pts
185Minden-Lübbecke Series break-4.2+0.2 pts
185Mönchengladbach, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.2+0.1 pts
185Siegen-Wittgenstein Series break-4.2+0.4 pts
190Bergstraße Series break-4.3-0.3 pts
190Braunschweig, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.3-0.4 pts
190Hagen, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.3+0.4 pts
190Koblenz, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.3-0.3 pts
190Main-Tauber-Kreis Series break-4.3+0.5 pts
190Oldenburg, Landkreis Series break-4.3-1.6 pts
190Speyer, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.3+1 pts
190Stade Series break-4.3-1.7 pts
190Wolfsburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.3-0.6 pts
199Berchtesgadener Land Series break-4.4-0.8 pts
199Fürth, Landkreis Series break-4.4-0.1 pts
199Leer Series break-4.4+0.2 pts
199Remscheid, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.4-0.1 pts
199Rhön-Grabfeld Series break-4.4-0.3 pts
199Rotenburg (Wümme) Series break-4.4-0.1 pts
199Rottal-Inn Series break-4.4-0.5 pts
199Schwandorf Series break-4.4-1.3 pts
207Essen, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.5-0.2 pts
207Hochtaunuskreis Series break-4.50 pts
207Lahn-Dill-Kreis Series break-4.5+0.9 pts
207Pinneberg Series break-4.5-0.2 pts
207Salzgitter, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.5+0.3 pts
207Segeberg Series break-4.5-0.3 pts
207Waldshut Series break-4.5+0.4 pts
214Bottrop, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.6+0.7 pts
214Cham Series break-4.6-0.3 pts
214Kleve Series break-4.6-0.2 pts
214Lippe Series break-4.6-0.1 pts
214Olpe Series break-4.6-0.8 pts
214Rhein-Kreis Neuss Series break-4.6-0.6 pts
214Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis Series break-4.6-0.4 pts
221Erfurt, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.7+0.3 pts
221Miltenberg Series break-4.7-0.7 pts
221Solingen, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.7+0.6 pts
224Ahrweiler Series break-4.8-0.1 pts
224Bayreuth, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.8+1 pts
224Krefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-4.8+1 pts
224Mayen-Koblenz Series break-4.8-0.3 pts
224Oberbergischer Kreis Series break-4.8-0.4 pts
224Peine Series break-4.8-0.3 pts
224Westerwaldkreis Series break-4.8-0.6 pts
231Hochsauerlandkreis Series break-4.9+0.1 pts
231Nürnberger Land Series break-4.9+0.3 pts
231Soest Series break-4.9-0.2 pts
231Südliche Weinstraße Series break-4.9-0.2 pts
235Altenkirchen (Westerwald) Series break-5+0.5 pts
235Bad Kreuznach Series break-5+0.4 pts
235Herzogtum Lauenburg Series break-50 pts
235Limburg-Weilburg Series break-50 pts
235Schwabach, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-5-2.5 pts
240Mülheim an der Ruhr, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-5.1+0.5 pts
240Regen Series break-5.1+0.1 pts
240Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis Series break-5.1+0.4 pts
240Zweibrücken, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-5.1+1.9 pts
244Bad Kissingen Series break-5.2+0.3 pts
244Bochum, Kreisfreie Stadt Series break-5.2-0.1 pts
246Bayreuth, Landkreis Series break-5.3-0.8 pts
246Kusel Series break-5.3+1.1 pts
246Recklinghausen Series break-5.3+0.6 pts
249Donnersbergkreis Series break-5.4+0.6 pts
249Herford Series break-5.40 pts

Showing the top 250 of 400. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

About this ranking

Live births minus deaths during the year per 1,000 average residents (Eurostat crude rate of natural change).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the areas are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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Rank NUTS 3 areas of Germany by natural change rate using official data, and cite the source.
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Questions

Which area has the highest natural change rate?

München, Kreisfreie Stadt, with 2 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2023, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which area has the lowest natural change rate?

Dessau-Roßlau, Kreisfreie Stadt, with -12.9 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Natural change rate: other rankings

NUTS 3 areas of Germany: more rankings