Data / Rankings / Natural change rate / NUTS 3 areas of Germany

NUTS 3 areas of Germany by natural change rate

München, Kreisfreie Stadt had the highest natural change rate of 400 areas in 2019, at 4.3 per 1,000 inhabitants. Dessau-Roßlau, Kreisfreie Stadt had the lowest, at -11 per 1,000 inhabitants. The median was -2.5 per 1,000 inhabitants and the figure for Germany was -1.9 per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest4.3München, Kreisfreie Stadt
Lowest-11Dessau-Roßlau, Kreisfreie Stadt
Median-2.5400 areas
Germany-1.9History

Top 40 areas, 2019

München, Kreisfreie Stadt: 4.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsMünchen, Kreisfreie Stadt4.3Frankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt: 3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsFrankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Sta…3.9Vechta: 3.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsVechta3.4Offenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt: 3.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsOffenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Sta…3.3Heidelberg, Stadtkreis: 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsHeidelberg, Stadtkreis3.2Eichstätt: 2.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsEichstätt2.7Freiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis: 2.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsFreiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis2.4Cloppenburg: 2.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsCloppenburg2.3Freising: 2.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsFreising2.3Stuttgart, Stadtkreis: 2.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsStuttgart, Stadtkreis2.3Ingolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt: 2.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsIngolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt2.1Darmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsDarmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt1.9Hamburg: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsHamburg1.9Regensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsRegensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt1.9Tübingen, Landkreis: 1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsTübingen, Landkreis1.8Biberach: 1.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiberach1.6Dachau: 1.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsDachau1.6Böblingen: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsBöblingen1.5Mainz, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsMainz, Kreisfreie Stadt1.5Ulm, Stadtkreis: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsUlm, Stadtkreis1.5Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsKöln, Kreisfreie Stadt1.4Berlin: 1.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBerlin1.3Münster, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsMünster, Kreisfreie Stadt1.3Bonn, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsBonn, Kreisfreie Stadt1.1Ludwigsburg: 1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsLudwigsburg1.1Erding: 1 per 1,000 inhabitantsErding1Groß-Gerau: 0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsGroß-Gerau0.9Rosenheim, Kreisfreie Stadt: 0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsRosenheim, Kreisfreie Stadt0.9Ebersberg: 0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsEbersberg0.8Pfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm: 0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsPfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm0.8Fürstenfeldbruck: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsFürstenfeldbruck0.7Heilbronn, Landkreis: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsHeilbronn, Landkreis0.7Kelheim: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsKelheim0.7Paderborn: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsPaderborn0.7Fürth, Kreisfreie Stadt: 0.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsFürth, Kreisfreie Stadt0.6Potsdam, Kreisfreie Stadt: 0.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsPotsdam, Kreisfreie Stadt0.6Ravensburg: 0.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsRavensburg0.6Dresden, Kreisfreie Stadt: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsDresden, Kreisfreie Stadt0.5Pforzheim, Stadtkreis: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsPforzheim, Stadtkreis0.5Alb-Donau-Kreis: 0.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlb-Donau-Kreis0.4
per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankAreas2019
per 1,000 inhabitants		Change on 2018
1München, Kreisfreie Stadt4.3-0.2 pts
2Frankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt3.9-0.2 pts
3Vechta3.4+0.9 pts
4Offenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt3.3-0.7 pts
5Heidelberg, Stadtkreis3.2+0.8 pts
6Eichstätt2.7+0.5 pts
7Freiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis2.4-0.4 pts
8Cloppenburg2.3+0.5 pts
8Freising2.3-0.6 pts
8Stuttgart, Stadtkreis2.3+0.4 pts
11Ingolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt2.1-0.9 pts
12Darmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt1.9-0.1 pts
12Hamburg1.9+0.3 pts
12Regensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt1.9+1.1 pts
15Tübingen, Landkreis1.8-0.1 pts
16Biberach1.6+0.6 pts
16Dachau1.6+0.4 pts
18Böblingen1.5-0.3 pts
18Mainz, Kreisfreie Stadt1.5+0.2 pts
18Ulm, Stadtkreis1.5-0.2 pts
21Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt1.40 pts
22Berlin1.3+0.1 pts
22Münster, Kreisfreie Stadt1.3-0.2 pts
24Bonn, Kreisfreie Stadt1.1-0.3 pts
24Ludwigsburg1.1+0.2 pts
26Erding1-0.5 pts
27Groß-Gerau0.9-0.5 pts
27Rosenheim, Kreisfreie Stadt0.9-1 pts
29Ebersberg0.8-0.2 pts
29Pfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm0.8-0.2 pts
31Fürstenfeldbruck0.7-0.2 pts
31Heilbronn, Landkreis0.7+0.3 pts
31Kelheim0.7-0.2 pts
31Paderborn0.7+0.2 pts
35Fürth, Kreisfreie Stadt0.6+0.2 pts
35Potsdam, Kreisfreie Stadt0.6-0.7 pts
35Ravensburg0.6-0.3 pts
38Dresden, Kreisfreie Stadt0.5-0.5 pts
38Pforzheim, Stadtkreis0.5+0.4 pts
40Alb-Donau-Kreis0.4-0.3 pts
40Leipzig, Kreisfreie Stadt0.4-0.1 pts
40Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Kreisfreie Stadt0.40 pts
40Neu-Ulm0.4+0.7 pts
44Kassel, Kreisfreie Stadt0.3+0.5 pts
45Dingolfing-Landau0.2+1.1 pts
45Düsseldorf, Kreisfreie Stadt0.2-0.5 pts
45Günzburg0.2+0.2 pts
45Landshut, Landkreis0.2-0.2 pts
45München, Landkreis0.2-0.1 pts
45Neumarkt i. d. OPf.0.2+0.2 pts
45Wiesbaden, Kreisfreie Stadt0.2-1.1 pts
45Würzburg, Landkreis0.2+0.1 pts
53Aichach-Friedberg0.1-0.7 pts
53Augsburg, Landkreis0.1+0.1 pts
53Borken0.10 pts
53Heilbronn, Stadtkreis0.10 pts
57Esslingen0-0.1 pts
57Gütersloh0+0.4 pts
57Hohenlohekreis0+0.7 pts
57Kaiserslautern, Landkreis0+0.5 pts
57Osnabrück, Kreisfreie Stadt00 pts
57Reutlingen0+0.5 pts
63Augsburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.1-0.1 pts
63Bielefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.1+0.7 pts
63Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald-0.1+0.1 pts
63Offenbach, Landkreis-0.1-0.3 pts
63Regensburg, Landkreis-0.1+0.4 pts
63Unterallgäu-0.1+0.7 pts
69Emsland-0.2+0.3 pts
69Erlangen, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.2-0.5 pts
69Main-Taunus-Kreis-0.2+0.1 pts
69Tuttlingen-0.2-0.6 pts
73Ansbach, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.3+1.8 pts
73Bamberg, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.3-0.2 pts
73Donau-Ries-0.3+1.1 pts
73Emmendingen-0.3+0.4 pts
73Neuburg-Schrobenhausen-0.3-0.7 pts
78Gießen, Landkreis-0.4-0.1 pts
78Karlsruhe, Stadtkreis-0.4-0.3 pts
78Rems-Murr-Kreis-0.4-0.2 pts
78Schwäbisch Hall-0.4+0.1 pts
82Bremen, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.5+0.5 pts
82Jena, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.5-1 pts
82Kiel, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.5-0.1 pts
82Landsberg am Lech-0.5-0.8 pts
82Oldenburg (Oldenburg), Kreisfreie Stadt-0.5-0.1 pts
82Steinfurt-0.50 pts
88Enzkreis-0.6-0.2 pts
88Gifhorn-0.6-0.5 pts
88Lörrach-0.6-0.2 pts
88Oberallgäu-0.6+0.2 pts
88Ostallgäu-0.6-1.1 pts
93Aschaffenburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.7+1.2 pts
93Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen-0.7-1.1 pts
93Erlangen-Höchstadt-0.7+0.1 pts
93Flensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.7+1 pts
93Grafschaft Bentheim-0.7+0.4 pts
98Forchheim-0.8+0.8 pts
98Konstanz-0.8-0.4 pts
98Mainz-Bingen-0.8+0.1 pts
98Mannheim, Stadtkreis-0.8-0.7 pts
98Neustadt a. d. Waldnaab-0.8+0.8 pts
98Sigmaringen-0.8+0.3 pts
98Trier, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.8+0.3 pts
105Nürnberg, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.9-0.9 pts
105Osnabrück, Landkreis-0.9+0.9 pts
105Schweinfurt, Landkreis-0.9+0.8 pts
105Straubing-Bogen-0.9-0.4 pts
109Bamberg, Landkreis-1+0.1 pts
109Bodenseekreis-1-0.2 pts
109Kempten (Allgäu), Kreisfreie Stadt-1-0.3 pts
109Landshut, Kreisfreie Stadt-1+0.3 pts
109Rottweil-1+0.1 pts
114Darmstadt-Dieburg-1.1-0.4 pts
114Delmenhorst, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.1+0.3 pts
114Ortenaukreis-1.10 pts
114Rosenheim, Landkreis-1.1-0.3 pts
114Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis-1.1+0.3 pts
114Waldshut-1.1+0.6 pts
114Wolfsburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.1+0.2 pts
114Würzburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.1-0.6 pts
122Aschaffenburg, Landkreis-1.2+1 pts
122Calw-1.2-0.6 pts
122Erfurt, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.2+0.5 pts
122Weilheim-Schongau-1.2-0.5 pts
126Braunschweig, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.3+0.9 pts
126Deggendorf-1.3+1.3 pts
126Kitzingen-1.3+0.8 pts
126Mühldorf a. Inn-1.3+0.4 pts
126Rhein-Neckar-Kreis-1.3+0.4 pts
126Stade-1.3+0.2 pts
132Amberg-Sulzbach-1.4+0.4 pts
132Coesfeld-1.4-0.2 pts
132Germersheim-1.4-0.6 pts
132Landau in der Pfalz, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.4+0.7 pts
132Lüneburg, Landkreis-1.4+0.3 pts
132Worms, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.4-0.6 pts
138Ansbach, Landkreis-1.5+0.5 pts
138Fulda-1.5+0.1 pts
138Göppingen-1.5-0.4 pts
138Rhein-Erft-Kreis-1.50 pts
138Starnberg-1.5-0.6 pts
143Dillingen a.d. Donau-1.6-0.9 pts
143Harburg-1.6+0.2 pts
143Koblenz, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.6+1.2 pts
143Leverkusen, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.6-0.3 pts
143Main-Kinzig-Kreis-1.6-0.3 pts
143Region Hannover-1.6-0.2 pts
149Dortmund, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.7+0.4 pts
149Freudenstadt-1.7-0.4 pts
149Karlsruhe, Landkreis-1.7-0.1 pts
149Kaufbeuren, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.7+2.2 pts
149Lindau (Bodensee)-1.7+0.5 pts
149Neustadt a. d. Aisch-Bad Windsheim-1.7+0.3 pts
149Rhein-Sieg-Kreis-1.7-0.4 pts
156Altötting-1.8-1 pts
156Ammerland-1.80 pts
156Haßberge-1.8-0.3 pts
156Städteregion Aachen-1.8+0.1 pts
156Traunstein-1.8+0.5 pts
156Warendorf-1.8-0.1 pts
162Berchtesgadener Land-1.9-0.2 pts
162Bergstraße-1.9+0.7 pts
162Duisburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.9+0.4 pts
162Essen, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.9+0.8 pts
162Frankenthal (Pfalz), Kreisfreie Stadt-1.9-0.1 pts
162Marburg-Biedenkopf-1.90 pts
162Miltenberg-1.9+0.5 pts
162Nürnberger Land-1.9+1.4 pts
162Rastatt-1.9+0.2 pts
162Roth-1.9-0.6 pts
162Wetteraukreis-1.9+0.4 pts
173Alzey-Worms-2-1.3 pts
173Heidenheim-2+0.1 pts
173Hochtaunuskreis-2+0.1 pts
173Miesbach-2-0.2 pts
173Oldenburg, Landkreis-2+0.6 pts
173Olpe-2+0.6 pts
173Ostalbkreis-2-0.9 pts
173Schwandorf-2+0.7 pts
173Trier-Saarburg-2+0.4 pts
182Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm-2.10 pts
182Fürth, Landkreis-2.1-0.1 pts
182Halle (Saale), Kreisfreie Stadt-2.1+0.2 pts
182Main-Tauber-Kreis-2.1+0.6 pts
182Segeberg-2.1+0.4 pts
187Bremerhaven, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.2+0.8 pts
187Memmingen, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.2-0.4 pts
187Schwabach, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.2-0.3 pts
187Siegen-Wittgenstein-2.2-0.4 pts
187Wuppertal, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.2-0.3 pts
192Eichsfeld-2.3+0.2 pts
192Soest-2.3+0.5 pts
192Verden-2.3-0.3 pts
195Heinsberg-2.4+0.1 pts
195Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen-2.4+0.4 pts
197Kaiserslautern, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.5-0.4 pts
197Peine-2.5+1.2 pts
197Rhein-Kreis Neuss-2.5-0.4 pts
197Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis-2.5-0.6 pts
197Salzgitter, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.5-0.6 pts
202Cham-2.6+0.6 pts
202Emden, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.6+0.9 pts
202Kleve-2.6+0.2 pts
202Leer-2.60 pts
202Main-Spessart-2.6+1 pts
202Minden-Lübbecke-2.6+0.6 pts
202Neuwied-2.6+0.7 pts
202Pinneberg-2.6-0.4 pts
210Diepholz-2.7+0.4 pts
210Hamm, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.7-0.4 pts
210Mönchengladbach, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.7+0.1 pts
210Stormarn-2.7+0.3 pts
214Düren-2.8+0.3 pts
215Bernkastel-Wittlich-2.9+1.1 pts
215Rotenburg (Wümme)-2.9-0.1 pts
215Rottal-Inn-2.9+0.3 pts
215Solingen, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.9+0.7 pts
215Zollernalbkreis-2.9-0.7 pts
220Bad Kreuznach-3+0.3 pts
220Herford-3+0.3 pts
220Krefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt-3+0.6 pts
220Lippe-3-0.3 pts
220Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis-3-0.1 pts
220Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis-3-0.5 pts
220Rhön-Grabfeld-3+1 pts
220Südliche Weinstraße-3+0.6 pts
228Euskirchen-3.1-0.9 pts
228Gelsenkirchen, Kreisfreie Stadt-3.1-0.5 pts
228Oberbergischer Kreis-3.1-0.1 pts
228Passau, Kreisfreie Stadt-3.1-0.5 pts
228Passau, Landkreis-3.1-0.1 pts
228Remscheid, Kreisfreie Stadt-3.1-0.1 pts
228Straubing, Kreisfreie Stadt-3.1+0.4 pts
235Bayreuth, Landkreis-3.2+0.8 pts
235Garmisch-Partenkirchen-3.2-0.7 pts
235Heidekreis-3.2-0.1 pts
235Mayen-Koblenz-3.2-0.9 pts
235Neumünster, Kreisfreie Stadt-3.2+2.1 pts
235Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis-3.2+0.5 pts
241Rhein-Lahn-Kreis-3.3+0.9 pts
241Rostock, Kreisfreie Stadt-3.3-0.8 pts
243Bochum, Kreisfreie Stadt-3.40 pts
243Coburg, Landkreis-3.4+1 pts
243Mettmann-3.4+0.5 pts
243Regen-3.4+1 pts
243Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis-3.4+0.4 pts
243Viersen-3.4-0.6 pts
243Weimar, Kreisfreie Stadt-3.4-0.2 pts
243Westerwaldkreis-3.4-0.6 pts

Showing the top 250 of 400. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

About this ranking

Live births minus deaths during the year per 1,000 average residents (Eurostat crude rate of natural change).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the areas are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Use this data in your AI agent

Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:

Rank NUTS 3 areas of Germany by natural change rate using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"natural_change_rate","level":"province","within":"Germany","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=natural_change_rate&level=province&within=Germany&limit=10

Connect Claude, ChatGPT or Cursor in one step. The trial answers 25 calls a day without an account.

Questions

Which area has the highest natural change rate?

München, Kreisfreie Stadt, with 4.3 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2019, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which area has the lowest natural change rate?

Dessau-Roßlau, Kreisfreie Stadt, with -11 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2019.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Natural change rate: other rankings

NUTS 3 areas of Germany: more rankings