Data / Rankings / Natural change rate / NUTS 3 areas of Germany

NUTS 3 areas of Germany by natural change rate

München, Kreisfreie Stadt had the highest natural change rate of 400 areas in 2016, at 4.9 per 1,000 inhabitants. Mansfeld-Südharz had the lowest, at -8.8 per 1,000 inhabitants. The median was -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitants and the figure for Germany was -1.4 per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest4.9München, Kreisfreie Stadt
Lowest-8.8Mansfeld-Südharz
Median-2.2400 areas
Germany-1.4History

Top 40 areas, 2016

München, Kreisfreie Stadt: 4.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsMünchen, Kreisfreie Stadt4.9Frankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt: 4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsFrankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Sta…4.5Offenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt: 3.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsOffenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Sta…3.4Freiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis: 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsFreiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis3.2Freising: 2.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsFreising2.8Vechta: 2.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsVechta2.8Tübingen, Landkreis: 2.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsTübingen, Landkreis2.7Eichstätt: 2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsEichstätt2.6Heidelberg, Stadtkreis: 2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsHeidelberg, Stadtkreis2.6Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt: 2.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsKöln, Kreisfreie Stadt2.5Stuttgart, Stadtkreis: 2.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsStuttgart, Stadtkreis2.5Dresden, Kreisfreie Stadt: 2.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsDresden, Kreisfreie Stadt2.4Hamburg: 2.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsHamburg2.3Potsdam, Kreisfreie Stadt: 2.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsPotsdam, Kreisfreie Stadt2.3Darmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt: 2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsDarmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt2.2Berlin: 2 per 1,000 inhabitantsBerlin2Münster, Kreisfreie Stadt: 2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMünster, Kreisfreie Stadt2Wiesbaden, Kreisfreie Stadt: 2 per 1,000 inhabitantsWiesbaden, Kreisfreie Stadt2Böblingen: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsBöblingen1.9Bonn, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsBonn, Kreisfreie Stadt1.9Cloppenburg: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCloppenburg1.9Mainz, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsMainz, Kreisfreie Stadt1.9Jena, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsJena, Kreisfreie Stadt1.8Erding: 1.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsErding1.7Ingolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsIngolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt1.7Biberach: 1.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiberach1.6Ebersberg: 1.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsEbersberg1.6Leipzig, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsLeipzig, Kreisfreie Stadt1.6Groß-Gerau: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsGroß-Gerau1.5Paderborn: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsPaderborn1.5Pfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsPfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm1.5Ulm, Stadtkreis: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsUlm, Stadtkreis1.5Düsseldorf, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsDüsseldorf, Kreisfreie Stadt1.4Regensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsRegensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt1.4Rosenheim, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsRosenheim, Kreisfreie Stadt1.4Ludwigsburg: 1.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsLudwigsburg1.3Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsLudwigshafen am Rhein, Kreisfreie…1.3Dachau: 1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsDachau1.2Erlangen, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsErlangen, Kreisfreie Stadt1.1Fürth, Kreisfreie Stadt: 1 per 1,000 inhabitantsFürth, Kreisfreie Stadt1
per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankAreas2016
per 1,000 inhabitants		Change on 2015
1München, Kreisfreie Stadt4.9+0.8 pts
2Frankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt4.5+1.3 pts
3Offenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt3.4+0.6 pts
4Freiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis3.2+1.1 pts
5Freising2.8+0.5 pts
5Vechta2.8+1.1 pts
7Tübingen, Landkreis2.7+0.9 pts
8Eichstätt2.6+1.5 pts
8Heidelberg, Stadtkreis2.6+1.1 pts
10Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt2.5+0.9 pts
10Stuttgart, Stadtkreis2.5+1 pts
12Dresden, Kreisfreie Stadt2.4+1 pts
13Hamburg2.3+1.1 pts
13Potsdam, Kreisfreie Stadt2.3+1.3 pts
15Darmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt2.2+2.1 pts
16Berlin2+0.9 pts
16Münster, Kreisfreie Stadt2+0.4 pts
16Wiesbaden, Kreisfreie Stadt2+1.1 pts
19Böblingen1.9+1.1 pts
19Bonn, Kreisfreie Stadt1.9+0.5 pts
19Cloppenburg1.9+0.4 pts
19Mainz, Kreisfreie Stadt1.9+0.7 pts
23Jena, Kreisfreie Stadt1.8+1.1 pts
24Erding1.7+0.2 pts
24Ingolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt1.70 pts
26Biberach1.6+1.6 pts
26Ebersberg1.6+1.2 pts
26Leipzig, Kreisfreie Stadt1.6+0.8 pts
29Groß-Gerau1.5+0.9 pts
29Paderborn1.5+0.5 pts
29Pfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm1.5+0.8 pts
29Ulm, Stadtkreis1.5+1.2 pts
33Düsseldorf, Kreisfreie Stadt1.4+1.1 pts
33Regensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt1.4+0.6 pts
33Rosenheim, Kreisfreie Stadt1.4+0.3 pts
36Ludwigsburg1.3+0.4 pts
36Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Kreisfreie Stadt1.3+1.5 pts
38Dachau1.2+0.2 pts
39Erlangen, Kreisfreie Stadt1.1+0.9 pts
40Fürth, Kreisfreie Stadt1+0.3 pts
41München, Landkreis0.9+0.3 pts
42Alb-Donau-Kreis0.8+0.8 pts
42Main-Taunus-Kreis0.8+1.5 pts
44Fürstenfeldbruck0.7+1 pts
44Heilbronn, Stadtkreis0.7+1.2 pts
44Offenbach, Landkreis0.7+1.3 pts
47Aichach-Friedberg0.6+0.6 pts
47Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald0.6+1 pts
47Kempten (Allgäu), Kreisfreie Stadt0.6+1.6 pts
47Neuburg-Schrobenhausen0.6+1.3 pts
47Ravensburg0.6+1.2 pts
47Tuttlingen0.6+1.5 pts
53Esslingen0.5+0.5 pts
53Gifhorn0.5+1.4 pts
53Karlsruhe, Stadtkreis0.5+0.6 pts
53Landshut, Landkreis0.5+0.5 pts
53Neu-Ulm0.5+0.9 pts
58Heilbronn, Landkreis0.4+1.1 pts
58Worms, Kreisfreie Stadt0.4+1.5 pts
60Aschaffenburg, Kreisfreie Stadt0.3+2.6 pts
60Augsburg, Kreisfreie Stadt0.3+1 pts
60Emsland0.3+1.5 pts
60Hohenlohekreis0.3+1.6 pts
60Kelheim0.3+1.7 pts
65Borken0.2+0.7 pts
65Gießen, Landkreis0.2+1.5 pts
65Pforzheim, Stadtkreis0.2+0.4 pts
68Landsberg am Lech0.1+0.7 pts
68Oldenburg (Oldenburg), Kreisfreie Stadt0.1+1 pts
68Würzburg, Landkreis0.1+0.3 pts
71Bamberg, Landkreis0+1.9 pts
71Kiel, Kreisfreie Stadt0-0.2 pts
71Mannheim, Stadtkreis0+0.7 pts
71Osnabrück, Kreisfreie Stadt0+0.7 pts
75Augsburg, Landkreis-0.1+1.2 pts
75Emmendingen-0.1+0.7 pts
75Gütersloh-0.1+0.4 pts
75Memmingen, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.1+1.6 pts
75Nürnberg, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.1+1.2 pts
75Ostallgäu-0.1+0.8 pts
75Regensburg, Landkreis-0.1+0.2 pts
75Rems-Murr-Kreis-0.1+0.9 pts
75Reutlingen-0.1+1 pts
75Schwäbisch Hall-0.1-0.1 pts
85Delmenhorst, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.2+1.5 pts
85Kassel, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.2+1.1 pts
85Landau in der Pfalz, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.2+1.8 pts
85Wolfsburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.2+1.6 pts
89Darmstadt-Dieburg-0.3+1 pts
89Erlangen-Höchstadt-0.3+0.9 pts
89Germersheim-0.3+0.6 pts
89Lörrach-0.3+1.3 pts
89Steinfurt-0.3+1.1 pts
89Unterallgäu-0.3+1.6 pts
95Alzey-Worms-0.4+1.2 pts
95Donau-Ries-0.4+0.8 pts
95Kaufbeuren, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.4+1.8 pts
95Mainz-Bingen-0.4+0.6 pts
95Oberallgäu-0.4+1.3 pts
95Sigmaringen-0.4+0.9 pts
101Bodenseekreis-0.5+0.6 pts
101Bremen, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.5+1.2 pts
101Region Hannover-0.5+1.4 pts
101Rhein-Sieg-Kreis-0.5+0.8 pts
105Altötting-0.6+2.6 pts
105Dingolfing-Landau-0.6+1.4 pts
105Forchheim-0.6+0.7 pts
105Günzburg-0.6+0.4 pts
105Kaiserslautern, Landkreis-0.6+2.2 pts
105Konstanz-0.6+0.5 pts
105Trier, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.6+0.3 pts
112Bielefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.7+0.2 pts
112Coesfeld-0.7+0.8 pts
112Lüneburg, Landkreis-0.7+1.2 pts
112Neumarkt i. d. OPf.-0.7+0.5 pts
112Weilheim-Schongau-0.7+0.8 pts
117Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen-0.8+0.4 pts
117Dillingen a.d. Donau-0.8+0.5 pts
117Enzkreis-0.8+1 pts
117Fulda-0.8+1.1 pts
117Fürth, Landkreis-0.8+1.9 pts
117Harburg-0.8+0.9 pts
117Haßberge-0.8+1.4 pts
117Landshut, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.8+1.7 pts
117Ortenaukreis-0.8+0.9 pts
117Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis-0.8+1.6 pts
117Stade-0.8+0.9 pts
128Erfurt, Kreisfreie Stadt-0.9+0.1 pts
128Karlsruhe, Landkreis-0.9+0.9 pts
128Miesbach-0.9+1 pts
128Ostalbkreis-0.9+0.3 pts
128Rhein-Erft-Kreis-0.9+0.8 pts
128Rhein-Neckar-Kreis-0.9+0.4 pts
128Starnberg-0.9+0.3 pts
135Göppingen-1+0.9 pts
135Rottweil-1+0.5 pts
137Ansbach, Landkreis-1.1+1.2 pts
137Frankenthal (Pfalz), Kreisfreie Stadt-1.1+1.6 pts
137Grafschaft Bentheim-1.1+0.3 pts
137Main-Kinzig-Kreis-1.1+1 pts
137Rosenheim, Landkreis-1.1+0.3 pts
137Roth-1.1+1.6 pts
137Schwabach, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.1+1.8 pts
137Schweinfurt, Landkreis-1.1+0.9 pts
145Braunschweig, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.2+0.5 pts
145Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm-1.2+1.2 pts
145Hochtaunuskreis-1.2+0.5 pts
145Miltenberg-1.2+1 pts
145Osnabrück, Landkreis-1.2+0.6 pts
145Straubing-Bogen-1.2+0.3 pts
145Warendorf-1.20 pts
152Flensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.3+1.1 pts
152Leverkusen, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.3+0.7 pts
152Waldshut-1.3+1.8 pts
155Calw-1.4+0.4 pts
155Koblenz, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.4+1.1 pts
155Rastatt-1.4+0.6 pts
158Dortmund, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.5+1.5 pts
158Marburg-Biedenkopf-1.5+0.7 pts
158Rhein-Kreis Neuss-1.5+1 pts
158Städteregion Aachen-1.5+0.6 pts
158Verden-1.5+0.3 pts
163Ansbach, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.6+1.1 pts
163Aschaffenburg, Landkreis-1.6+0.9 pts
163Bamberg, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.6+1.2 pts
163Neustadt an der Weinstraße, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.6+2.4 pts
163Oldenburg, Landkreis-1.6+1.7 pts
163Trier-Saarburg-1.6+0.7 pts
169Eichsfeld-1.7-0.2 pts
169Kaiserslautern, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.7+0.9 pts
169Kleve-1.7+1.4 pts
169Rostock, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.7-0.6 pts
169Wuppertal, Kreisfreie Stadt-1.7+0.8 pts
174Freudenstadt-1.8+0.3 pts
174Herzogtum Lauenburg-1.8+1.7 pts
174Kitzingen-1.8+0.9 pts
174Mühldorf a. Inn-1.8+1.5 pts
174Pinneberg-1.8+0.6 pts
174Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis-1.8+0.5 pts
174Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen-1.8+1.6 pts
181Leer-1.9+1.4 pts
182Ammerland-2+0.7 pts
182Bernkastel-Wittlich-2+1.6 pts
182Hamm, Kreisfreie Stadt-2+0.8 pts
182Nürnberger Land-2+1.3 pts
182Salzgitter, Kreisfreie Stadt-2+3.3 pts
182Traunstein-2+1 pts
182Weimar, Kreisfreie Stadt-2+1.6 pts
182Würzburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-2-0.6 pts
190Heinsberg-2.1+1 pts
190Mayen-Koblenz-2.1-0.1 pts
190Segeberg-2.1+0.2 pts
190Westerwaldkreis-2.1+1 pts
194Cham-2.2+1.1 pts
194Diepholz-2.2+2 pts
194Heidenheim-2.20 pts
194Lindau (Bodensee)-2.2+0.4 pts
194Lippe-2.2+1.2 pts
194Olpe-2.2-0.5 pts
194Remscheid, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.2+2.7 pts
194Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis-2.2+1 pts
202Duisburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.3+1.3 pts
202Düren-2.3+1.4 pts
202Emden, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.3+1.6 pts
202Mönchengladbach, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.3+0.9 pts
202Oberbergischer Kreis-2.3+0.8 pts
202Weimarer Land-2.3+2.1 pts
208Magdeburg, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.4+0.7 pts
208Main-Spessart-2.4+2 pts
208Minden-Lübbecke-2.4+0.7 pts
208Neustadt a. d. Aisch-Bad Windsheim-2.4+0.3 pts
208Schwandorf-2.4+1 pts
208Wetteraukreis-2.4+0.2 pts
214Deggendorf-2.5+0.3 pts
214Krefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.5+0.9 pts
214Main-Tauber-Kreis-2.5+1.3 pts
214Passau, Landkreis-2.5+0.9 pts
214Rottal-Inn-2.5+0.8 pts
219Essen, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.6+0.6 pts
219Halle (Saale), Kreisfreie Stadt-2.6+1.2 pts
219Limburg-Weilburg-2.6+0.8 pts
219Siegen-Wittgenstein-2.6+0.2 pts
219Zollernalbkreis-2.6+0.2 pts
224Bergstraße-2.7+0.6 pts
224Dahme-Spreewald-2.7+1.1 pts
224Höxter-2.7+1.5 pts
224Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis-2.7+0.5 pts
224Peine-2.7+1.5 pts
224Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis-2.7+0.4 pts
224Soest-2.7+0.6 pts
224Südliche Weinstraße-2.7+0.3 pts
232Bremerhaven, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.8+0.2 pts
232Garmisch-Partenkirchen-2.8+1.3 pts
232Gelsenkirchen, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.8+1 pts
232Märkischer Kreis-2.8+0.8 pts
232Mülheim an der Ruhr, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.8+2 pts
232Osterholz-2.8+0.7 pts
232Passau, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.8+2.2 pts
232Rhön-Grabfeld-2.8+1.6 pts
232Rotenburg (Wümme)-2.8+0.1 pts
232Speyer, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.8-0.1 pts
232Stormarn-2.8-0.5 pts
243Barnim-2.9+1.5 pts
243Euskirchen-2.9+1.2 pts
243Herford-2.9+0.3 pts
243Lahn-Dill-Kreis-2.9+0.9 pts
243Mettmann-2.9+1.1 pts
243Solingen, Kreisfreie Stadt-2.9+0.6 pts
243Teltow-Fläming-2.9+1.6 pts
243Viersen-2.9+0.7 pts

Showing the top 250 of 400. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

About this ranking

Live births minus deaths during the year per 1,000 average residents (Eurostat crude rate of natural change).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the areas are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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Questions

Which area has the highest natural change rate?

München, Kreisfreie Stadt, with 4.9 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2016, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which area has the lowest natural change rate?

Mansfeld-Südharz, with -8.8 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2016.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Natural change rate: other rankings

NUTS 3 areas of Germany: more rankings