EU countries by greenhouse gas emissions from energy, 2024
Germany had the highest greenhouse gas emissions from energy of 27 EU countries in 2024, at 543.29 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Malta had the lowest, at 1.7 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. The median was 33.67 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent and the figure for the European Union (27) was 2,283.21 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.
All EU countries, 2024
Full ranking
| Rank | EU countries | 2024 | Change on 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 543.29 | -3.3% |
| 2 | Italy | 294.53 | -3.5% |
| 3 | Poland | 281.53 | -2.3% |
| 4 | France | 248.63 | -3.3% |
| 5 | Spain | 196.84 | -1.7% |
| 6 | Netherlands | 106.12 | -1.8% |
| 7 | Belgium | 72.88 | -0.2% |
| 8 | Czechia | 72.14 | -6.1% |
| 9 | Romania | 63.67 | +0.1% |
| 10 | Greece | 50.04 | +2.9% |
| 11 | Austria | 43.1 | -3.3% |
| 12 | Hungary | 38.04 | -2% |
| 13 | Portugal | 33.7 | -4.4% |
| 14 | Sweden | 33.67 | +11.1% |
| 15 | Ireland | 30.99 | -1.5% |
| 16 | Bulgaria | 30.73 | -6.6% |
| 17 | Finland | 26.66 | -6.2% |
| 18 | Slovakia | 23.4 | -6.7% |
| 19 | Denmark | 22.72 | -9.2% |
| 20 | Croatia | 17.6 | -0.2% |
| 21 | Slovenia | 12.51 | +5.6% |
| 22 | Lithuania | 11.55 | +1.5% |
| 23 | Estonia | 8.14 | -7.3% |
| 24 | Luxembourg | 6.41 | -3.3% |
| 25 | Cyprus | 6.37 | +3.1% |
| 26 | Latvia | 6.23 | -3.1% |
| 27 | Malta | 1.7 | -2.2% |
Other periods
About this ranking
Greenhouse gas emissions from the energy sector (fuel combustion in power plants, industry, transport, buildings and agriculture, plus fugitive emissions from fuels; UNFCCC category 1). It includes transport, which is also published on its own as ghg_emissions_transport, in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. National inventory reported to the UNFCCC (and, for EU members, to the EU): the seven Kyoto gases weighted by their 100-year global warming potential. Land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) and international aviation and shipping are not included.
Sectors follow the UNFCCC reporting categories, so they add up to the total except for indirect CO2, which is not allocated to a sector. Each annual submission recalculates the whole series back to 1990, so past values change between releases.
Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.
How to cite
European Environment Agency (EEA), national greenhouse gas inventories reported under the EU Governance Regulation, as published by Eurostat. Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, energy (CRF 1), million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env_air_gge, source: EEA). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_air_gge/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.Citation styles
APA 7
Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, energy (CRF 1), million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env_air_gge, source: EEA) (EU countries by greenhouse gas emissions from energy, 2024) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_air_gge/default/table
MLA 9
Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, energy (CRF 1), million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env_air_gge, source: EEA), EU countries by greenhouse gas emissions from energy, 2024. Eurostat, European Commission, 2 June 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_air_gge/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/greenhouse-gas-emissions-energy/eu-countries. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.
Chicago (author-date)
Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, energy (CRF 1), million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env_air_gge, source: EEA). EU countries by greenhouse gas emissions from energy, 2024. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_air_gge/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/greenhouse-gas-emissions-energy/eu-countries.
Harvard
Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, energy (CRF 1), million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env_air_gge, source: EEA), EU countries by greenhouse gas emissions from energy, 2024 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_air_gge/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/greenhouse-gas-emissions-energy/eu-countries (Accessed: 12 October 2026).
BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_eu_countries_by_greenhouse_2024,
author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
title = {{Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, energy (CRF 1), million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env\_air\_gge, source: EEA): EU countries by greenhouse gas emissions from energy, 2024}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Data set},
url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_air_gge/default/table},
urldate = {2026-10-12},
note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/greenhouse-gas-emissions-energy/eu-countries. Publisher attribution: European Environment Agency (EEA), national greenhouse gas inventories reported under the EU Governance Regulation, as published by Eurostat. Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, energy (CRF 1), million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env\_air\_gge, source: EEA). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env\_air\_gge/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY - DATA
AU - Eurostat, European Commission
TI - Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, energy (CRF 1), million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env_air_gge, source: EEA): EU countries by greenhouse gas emissions from energy, 2024
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/06/02
PB - Eurostat, European Commission
DB - Invokely
UR - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_air_gge/default/table
L2 - https://invokely.ai/rankings/greenhouse-gas-emissions-energy/eu-countries
Y2 - 2026/10/12
N1 - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/greenhouse-gas-emissions-energy/eu-countries.
N1 - Publisher attribution: European Environment Agency (EEA), national greenhouse gas inventories reported under the EU Governance Regulation, as published by Eurostat. Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, energy (CRF 1), million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env_air_gge, source: EEA). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_air_gge/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER -
Use this data in your AI agent
Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:
Rank EU countries by greenhouse gas emissions from energy using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"ghg_emissions_energy","level":"country","within":"European Union (27)","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=ghg_emissions_energy&level=country&within=European%20Union%20(27)&limit=10Questions
Which EU country has the highest greenhouse gas emissions from energy?
Germany, with 543.29 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2024, according to Eurostat, European Commission.
Which EU country has the lowest greenhouse gas emissions from energy?
Malta, with 1.7 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2024.
Where does this ranking come from?
Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, energy (CRF 1), million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env_air_gge, source: EEA). Retrieved 2026-10-12.