Data / Rankings / Fluorinated gas emissions / EU countries

EU countries by fluorinated gas emissions, 2024

France had the highest fluorinated gas emissions of 27 EU countries in 2024, at 9.13 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Luxembourg had the lowest, at 0.05 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. The median was 0.84 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Source: the European Commission, Joint Research Centre.

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Highest9.13France
Lowest0.05Luxembourg
Median0.8427 EU countries

Map of EU countries, 2024

Austria: 1.64 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentBelgium: 1.82 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentBulgaria: 0.73 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentCyprus: 0.43 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentCzechia: 3.6 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentGermany: 8.73 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentDenmark: 0.34 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentEstonia: 0.19 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSpain: 4.6 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentFinland: 0.64 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentFrance: 9.13 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentGreece: 4.14 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentCroatia: 2.06 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentHungary: 1.64 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentIreland: 0.61 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentItaly: 7.3 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentLithuania: 0.49 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentLuxembourg: 0.05 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentLatvia: 0.27 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentMalta: 0.2 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentNetherlands: 0.84 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentPoland: 3.85 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentPortugal: 1.91 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentRomania: 1.95 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSweden: 0.77 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSlovenia: 0.32 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSlovakia: 0.43 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent
  • Under 0.35
  • 0.35 to 0.68
  • 0.68 to 1.7
  • 1.7 to 3.8
  • 3.8 and over
million tonnes of CO2 equivalent, 2024. Source: EDGAR (European Commission, JRC), EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2024

France: 9.13 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentFrance9.13Germany: 8.73 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentGermany8.73Italy: 7.3 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentItaly7.3Spain: 4.6 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSpain4.6Greece: 4.14 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentGreece4.14Poland: 3.85 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentPoland3.85Czechia: 3.6 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentCzechia3.6Croatia: 2.06 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentCroatia2.06Romania: 1.95 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentRomania1.95Portugal: 1.91 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentPortugal1.91Belgium: 1.82 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentBelgium1.82Austria: 1.64 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentAustria1.64Hungary: 1.64 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentHungary1.64Netherlands: 0.84 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentNetherlands0.84Sweden: 0.77 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSweden0.77Bulgaria: 0.73 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentBulgaria0.73Finland: 0.64 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentFinland0.64Ireland: 0.61 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentIreland0.61Lithuania: 0.49 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentLithuania0.49Slovakia: 0.43 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSlovakia0.43Cyprus: 0.43 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentCyprus0.43Denmark: 0.34 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentDenmark0.34Slovenia: 0.32 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSlovenia0.32Latvia: 0.27 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentLatvia0.27Malta: 0.2 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentMalta0.2Estonia: 0.19 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentEstonia0.19Luxembourg: 0.05 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentLuxembourg0.05France: 9.13 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentFrance9.13Germany: 8.73 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentGermany8.73Italy: 7.3 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentItaly7.3Spain: 4.6 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSpain4.6Greece: 4.14 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentGreece4.14Poland: 3.85 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentPoland3.85Czechia: 3.6 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentCzechia3.6Croatia: 2.06 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentCroatia2.06Romania: 1.95 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentRomania1.95Portugal: 1.91 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentPortugal1.91Belgium: 1.82 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentBelgium1.82Austria: 1.64 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentAustria1.64Hungary: 1.64 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentHungary1.64Netherlands: 0.84 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentNetherlands0.84Sweden: 0.77 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSweden0.77Bulgaria: 0.73 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentBulgaria0.73Finland: 0.64 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentFinland0.64Ireland: 0.61 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentIreland0.61Lithuania: 0.49 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentLithuania0.49Slovakia: 0.43 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSlovakia0.43Cyprus: 0.43 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentCyprus0.43Denmark: 0.34 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentDenmark0.34Slovenia: 0.32 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentSlovenia0.32Latvia: 0.27 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentLatvia0.27Malta: 0.2 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentMalta0.2Estonia: 0.19 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentEstonia0.19Luxembourg: 0.05 million tonnes of CO2 equivalentLuxembourg0.05
million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Source: EDGAR (European Commission, JRC), EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2024
million tonnes of CO2 equivalent		Change on 2023
1France Provisional9.13-9.4%
2Germany Provisional8.73-2.2%
3Italy Provisional7.3-13.2%
4Spain Provisional4.6+14.4%
5Greece Provisional4.14-5.9%
6Poland Provisional3.85-4.1%
7Czechia Provisional3.6-3.1%
8Croatia Provisional2.06+6.1%
9Romania Provisional1.95-6.4%
10Portugal Provisional1.91+0.2%
11Belgium Provisional1.82-11.8%
12Austria Provisional1.64-6.6%
13Hungary Provisional1.64-0.7%
14Netherlands Provisional0.84-4.6%
15Sweden Provisional0.77-7.6%
16Bulgaria Provisional0.73+6.9%
17Finland Provisional0.64-11.5%
18Ireland Provisional0.61+0.2%
19Lithuania Provisional0.49+0.1%
20Slovakia Provisional0.43-4.1%
21Cyprus Provisional0.43+1.5%
22Denmark Provisional0.34+0.9%
23Slovenia Provisional0.32-0.4%
24Latvia Provisional0.27+3%
25Malta Provisional0.2-2.6%
26Estonia Provisional0.19-2.4%
27Luxembourg Provisional0.05+4.6%

Other periods

About this ranking

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) emitted in the year, in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent with the 100-year global warming potentials of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), as estimated by EDGAR.

More on how it is measured
  • Most come from refrigeration and air conditioning, with aluminium smelting, electrical equipment, semiconductors and chemical production.
  • EDGAR estimates every country with the same IPCC methods and international activity statistics, so countries can be compared, but the values differ from the inventories countries report themselves.
  • Emissions from land use, land use change and forestry and from large scale biomass burning (savannah and forest fires) are not included.
  • The latest two years are fast track estimates from proxy statistics, replaced in later releases, and are marked provisional.

EDGAR estimates fluorinated gases from 1990 and for about 150 countries; a country without an estimate has no value here. The CO2 equivalent depends on the warming potentials used, so values differ from inventories that use other ones. EDGAR counts Andorra with Spain, Monaco with France, San Marino and the Holy See with Italy, and Liechtenstein with Switzerland. It reports Israel and Palestine, Sudan and South Sudan, and Serbia and Montenegro together, so those countries have no value here. Each release revises past years.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, European Commission, Joint Research Centre. EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3). https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/. Retrieved 2026-10-12. © European Union, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

European Commission, Joint Research Centre. (2026). EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3) (EU countries by fluorinated gas emissions, 2024) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/

MLA 9

EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3), EU countries by fluorinated gas emissions, 2024. European Commission, Joint Research Centre, 18 Sept. 2026, https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/fluorinated-gas-emissions/eu-countries. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

European Commission, Joint Research Centre. 2026. EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3). EU countries by fluorinated gas emissions, 2024. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/fluorinated-gas-emissions/eu-countries.

Harvard

European Commission, Joint Research Centre (2026) EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3), EU countries by fluorinated gas emissions, 2024 [Dataset]. Available at: https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/fluorinated-gas-emissions/eu-countries (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{european_eu_countries_by_fluorinated_2024,
  author = {{European Commission, Joint Research Centre}},
  title = {{EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3): EU countries by fluorinated gas emissions, 2024}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/fluorinated-gas-emissions/eu-countries. Publisher attribution: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, European Commission, Joint Research Centre. EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3). https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR\_2026\_GHG/. Retrieved 2026-10-12. © European Union, licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
TI  - EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3): EU countries by fluorinated gas emissions, 2024
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/18
PB  - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/fluorinated-gas-emissions/eu-countries
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/fluorinated-gas-emissions/eu-countries.
N1  - Publisher attribution: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, European Commission, Joint Research Centre. EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3). https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/. Retrieved 2026-10-12. © European Union, licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest fluorinated gas emissions?

France, with 9.13 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2024, according to the European Commission, Joint Research Centre.

Which EU country has the lowest fluorinated gas emissions?

Luxembourg, with 0.05 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2024.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, EDGAR F-gases emissions by country, AR5 CO2 equivalent (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Fluorinated gas emissions: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings