EU countries by GNI per capita (Atlas method)
Luxembourg had the highest GNI per capita (Atlas method) of 27 EU countries in 2023, at $88,480. Bulgaria had the lowest, at $14,240. The median was $32,380. Source: the World Bank.
All EU countries, 2023
Full ranking
| Rank | EU countries | 2023 | Change on 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Luxembourg | 88,480 | +5.1% |
| 2 | Ireland | 79,280 | +4.4% |
| 3 | Denmark | 72,080 | +0.1% |
| 4 | Netherlands | 62,550 | +0.7% |
| 5 | Sweden | 60,540 | -2.2% |
| 6 | Austria | 55,890 | -0.7% |
| 7 | Belgium | 55,520 | +2.2% |
| 8 | Germany | 55,420 | +0.4% |
| 9 | Finland | 52,870 | -2.3% |
| 10 | France | 45,770 | -0.5% |
| 11 | Italy | 38,750 | -0.8% |
| 12 | Malta | 35,720 | +2.5% |
| 13 | Spain | 32,980 | +0.9% |
| 14 | Cyprus | 32,380 | +1.5% |
| 15 | Slovenia | 31,020 | +4.8% |
| 16 | Czechia | 28,540 | +4.9% |
| 17 | Estonia | 27,650 | +0.3% |
| 18 | Portugal | 26,340 | +1.8% |
| 19 | Lithuania | 25,360 | +6.4% |
| 20 | Slovakia | 22,710 | +3.7% |
| 21 | Greece | 22,300 | +1.5% |
| 22 | Latvia | 21,000 | +1.8% |
| 23 | Croatia | 20,800 | +7.4% |
| 24 | Poland | 19,890 | +4.1% |
| 25 | Hungary | 19,820 | +3.2% |
| 26 | Romania | 16,590 | +7.8% |
| 27 | Bulgaria | 14,240 | +8.7% |
Other periods
About this ranking
Gross national income (GNI) divided by the mid-year population, in current US dollars converted with the World Bank Atlas method, which smooths exchange rate swings with a three-year average adjusted for inflation. GNI is GDP plus net income received from abroad.
The World Bank uses this series to assign income groups (low, lower middle, upper middle and high income). Not the same as gdp_per_capita_usd, which is GDP at annual average exchange rates, or per_capita_personal_income.
Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.
How to cite
World Bank, World Development Indicators. GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) (NY.GNP.PCAP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-11.Use this data in your AI agent
Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:
Rank EU countries by GNI per capita (Atlas method) using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"gni_per_capita_atlas_usd","level":"country","within":"European Union (27)","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=gni_per_capita_atlas_usd&level=country&within=European%20Union%20(27)&limit=10Questions
Which EU country has the highest GNI per capita (Atlas method)?
Luxembourg, with $88,480 in 2023, according to the World Bank.
Which EU country has the lowest GNI per capita (Atlas method)?
Bulgaria, with $14,240 in 2023.
Where does this ranking come from?
Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) (NY.GNP.PCAP.CD). Retrieved 2026-10-11.