Data / Rankings / R&D expenditure share of GDP / Regions of Poland (NUTS 2)

Regions of Poland (NUTS 2) by R&D expenditure share of GDP

Warszawski stołeczny had the highest R&D expenditure share of GDP of 17 regions in 2020, at 2.71% of GDP. Lubuskie had the lowest, at 0.42% of GDP. The median was 0.87% of GDP and the figure for Poland was 1.37% of GDP. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

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Highest2.71Warszawski stołeczny
Lowest0.42Lubuskie
Median0.8717 regions
Poland1.37History

All regions, 2020

Warszawski stołeczny: 2.71 % of GDPWarszawski stołeczny2.71Małopolskie: 2.41 % of GDPMałopolskie2.41Pomorskie: 1.74 % of GDPPomorskie1.74Dolnośląskie: 1.29 % of GDPDolnośląskie1.29Podkarpackie: 1.29 % of GDPPodkarpackie1.29Lubelskie: 1.17 % of GDPLubelskie1.17Łódzkie: 1.13 % of GDPŁódzkie1.13Kujawsko-pomorskie: 0.87 % of GDPKujawsko-pomorskie0.87Śląskie: 0.87 % of GDPŚląskie0.87Wielkopolskie: 0.86 % of GDPWielkopolskie0.86Podlaskie: 0.82 % of GDPPodlaskie0.82Warmińsko-mazurskie: 0.76 % of GDPWarmińsko-mazurskie0.76Opolskie: 0.55 % of GDPOpolskie0.55Zachodniopomorskie: 0.52 % of GDPZachodniopomorskie0.52Świętokrzyskie: 0.51 % of GDPŚwiętokrzyskie0.51Mazowiecki regionalny: 0.45 % of GDPMazowiecki regionalny0.45Lubuskie: 0.42 % of GDPLubuskie0.42Warszawski stołeczny: 2.71 % of GDPWarszawski stołeczny2.71Małopolskie: 2.41 % of GDPMałopolskie2.41Pomorskie: 1.74 % of GDPPomorskie1.74Dolnośląskie: 1.29 % of GDPDolnośląskie1.29Podkarpackie: 1.29 % of GDPPodkarpackie1.29Lubelskie: 1.17 % of GDPLubelskie1.17Łódzkie: 1.13 % of GDPŁódzkie1.13Kujawsko-pomorskie: 0.87 % of GDPKujawsko-pomorskie0.87Śląskie: 0.87 % of GDPŚląskie0.87Wielkopolskie: 0.86 % of GDPWielkopolskie0.86Podlaskie: 0.82 % of GDPPodlaskie0.82Warmińsko-mazurskie: 0.76 % of GDPWarmińsko-mazurskie0.76Opolskie: 0.55 % of GDPOpolskie0.55Zachodniopomorskie: 0.52 % of GDPZachodniopomorskie0.52Świętokrzyskie: 0.51 % of GDPŚwiętokrzyskie0.51Mazowiecki regionalny: 0.45 % of GDPMazowiecki regionalny0.45Lubuskie: 0.42 % of GDPLubuskie0.42
% of GDP. Source: Eurostat, Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankRegions2020
% of GDP		Change on 2019
1Warszawski stołeczny2.71+0.14 pts
2Małopolskie2.41+0.18 pts
3Pomorskie1.74+0.05 pts
4Dolnośląskie1.29+0.04 pts
4Podkarpackie1.29+0.09 pts
6Lubelskie1.17+0.03 pts
7Łódzkie1.13+0.14 pts
8Kujawsko-pomorskie0.87+0.14 pts
8Śląskie0.87-0.02 pts
10Wielkopolskie0.86+0.04 pts
11Podlaskie0.82+0.01 pts
12Warmińsko-mazurskie0.76-0.04 pts
13Opolskie0.550 pts
14Zachodniopomorskie0.52-0.08 pts
15Świętokrzyskie0.51-0.02 pts
16Mazowiecki regionalny0.45-0.03 pts
17Lubuskie0.42-0.06 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Gross domestic expenditure on research and experimental development (GERD) by all sectors (businesses, government, higher education and private non-profit institutions) as a percentage of gross domestic product. Regions are measured against their own regional GDP.

Measured following the OECD Frascati Manual. The EU set a target of 3% of GDP. Eurostat estimates the EU total, and some national years are estimated or provisional.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the regions are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdreg/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg) (Regions of Poland (NUTS 2) by R&D expenditure share of GDP, 2020) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdreg/default/table

MLA 9

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg), Regions of Poland (NUTS 2) by R&D expenditure share of GDP, 2020. Eurostat, European Commission, 29 Sept. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdreg/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/poland-regions?period=2020. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg). Regions of Poland (NUTS 2) by R&D expenditure share of GDP, 2020. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdreg/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/poland-regions?period=2020.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg), Regions of Poland (NUTS 2) by R&D expenditure share of GDP, 2020 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdreg/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/poland-regions?period=2020 (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_regions_of_poland_nuts_2020,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Gross domestic expenditure on R\&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd\_e\_gerdreg): Regions of Poland (NUTS 2) by R\&D expenditure share of GDP, 2020}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdreg/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/poland-regions?period=2020. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Gross domestic expenditure on R\&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd\_e\_gerdreg). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd\_e\_gerdreg/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg): Regions of Poland (NUTS 2) by R&D expenditure share of GDP, 2020
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/29
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdreg/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/poland-regions?period=2020
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/poland-regions?period=2020.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdreg/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.
ER  -
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Questions

Which region has the highest R&D expenditure share of GDP?

Warszawski stołeczny, with 2.71% of GDP in 2020, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which region has the lowest R&D expenditure share of GDP?

Lubuskie, with 0.42% of GDP in 2020.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

R&D expenditure share of GDP: other rankings

Regions of Poland (NUTS 2): more rankings