Data / Rankings / Overcrowding rate / EU countries

EU countries by overcrowding rate

Latvia had the highest overcrowding rate of 27 EU countries in 2023, at 40.9%. Malta had the lowest, at 2.4%. The median was 14.5% and the figure for the European Union (27) was 16.8%. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest40.9Latvia
Lowest2.4Malta
Median14.527 EU countries
European Union (27)16.8History

All EU countries, 2023

Latvia: 40.9 %Latvia40.9Romania: 40 %Romania40Bulgaria: 34.9 %Bulgaria34.9Poland: 33.9 %Poland33.9Croatia: 31.3 %Croatia31.3Slovakia: 30.5 %Slovakia30.5Greece: 26.9 %Greece26.9Lithuania: 26 %Lithuania26Italy: 25.4 %Italy25.4Estonia: 17 %Estonia17Sweden: 16.4 %Sweden16.4Czechia: 15.9 %Czechia15.9Hungary: 15.5 %Hungary15.5Austria: 14.5 %Austria14.5Portugal: 12.9 %Portugal12.9Germany: 11.4 %Germany11.4Slovenia: 10.3 %Slovenia10.3France: 9.9 %France9.9Finland: 8.8 %Finland8.8Denmark: 8.7 %Denmark8.7Spain: 7.6 %Spain7.6Luxembourg: 7.4 %Luxembourg7.4Belgium: 5.7 %Belgium5.7Ireland: 3.9 %Ireland3.9Netherlands: 3.8 %Netherlands3.8Cyprus: 2.9 %Cyprus2.9Malta: 2.4 %Malta2.4
%. Source: Eurostat, Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2023 (%)Change on 2022
1Latvia40.9-0.8 pts
2Romania40-0.5 pts
3Bulgaria34.9-1.3 pts
4Poland Series break33.9-1.9 pts
5Croatia31.3-1.4 pts
6Slovakia30.5-1.3 pts
7Greece26.9-1.1 pts
8Lithuania26+1.4 pts
9Italy25.4+0.3 pts
10Estonia17+1.3 pts
11Sweden16.4+0.5 pts
12Czechia15.9+0.8 pts
13Hungary15.5-1.5 pts
14Austria14.5-1.2 pts
15Portugal12.9+3.5 pts
16Germany11.4+0.2 pts
17Slovenia10.3-0.7 pts
18France9.9+0.7 pts
19Finland8.8+0.4 pts
20Denmark8.7-1.1 pts
21Spain7.6+1 pts
22Luxembourg7.4+1.7 pts
23Belgium5.7-0.3 pts
24Ireland3.9-0.3 pts
25Netherlands3.8+0.9 pts
26Cyprus2.9-0.6 pts
27Malta2.4-0.4 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Share of the population living in a dwelling with fewer rooms than the EU standard for the household: one room for the household, one per couple, one per single person aged 18 or over, one per pair of children of the same sex aged 12 to 17, one per single child aged 12 to 17 not in such a pair, and one per pair of children under 12 (EU-SILC).

The reference year is the survey year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a) (EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table

MLA 9

Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a), EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2023. Eurostat, European Commission, 17 Sept. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2023.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a), EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_eu_countries_by_overcrowding_2023,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc\_lvho05a): EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2023. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc\_lvho05a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc\_lvho05a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a): EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/17
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest overcrowding rate?

Latvia, with 40.9% in 2023, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which EU country has the lowest overcrowding rate?

Malta, with 2.4% in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

EU countries: more rankings