Data / Rankings / Overcrowding rate / EU countries

EU countries by overcrowding rate

Romania had the highest overcrowding rate of 27 EU countries in 2019, at 45.8%. Ireland had the lowest, at 3.1%. The median was 13.9% and the figure for the European Union (27) was 17.1%. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

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Highest45.8Romania
Lowest3.1Ireland
Median13.927 EU countries
European Union (27)17.1History

Map of EU countries, 2019

Austria: 15.1 %Belgium: 5.6 %Bulgaria: 41.1 %Cyprus: 3.4 %Czechia: 15.4 %Germany: 7.8 %Denmark: 10 %Estonia: 13.9 %Spain: 5.9 %Finland: 7.7 %France: 7.7 %Greece: 28.7 %Croatia: 38.5 %Hungary: 20.4 %Ireland: 3.1 %Italy: 28.3 %Lithuania: 22.9 %Luxembourg: 7.1 %Latvia: 42.2 %Malta: 3.7 %Netherlands: 4.8 %Poland: 37.6 %Portugal: 9.5 %Romania: 45.8 %Sweden: 15.6 %Slovenia: 11.6 %Slovakia: 34.1 %
  • Under 6.1
  • 6.1 to 9.7
  • 9.7 to 16
  • 16 to 33
  • 33 and over
%, 2019. Source: Eurostat, Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2019

Romania: 45.8 %Romania45.8Latvia: 42.2 %Latvia42.2Bulgaria: 41.1 %Bulgaria41.1Croatia: 38.5 %Croatia38.5Poland: 37.6 %Poland37.6Slovakia: 34.1 %Slovakia34.1Greece: 28.7 %Greece28.7Italy: 28.3 %Italy28.3Lithuania: 22.9 %Lithuania22.9Hungary: 20.4 %Hungary20.4Sweden: 15.6 %Sweden15.6Czechia: 15.4 %Czechia15.4Austria: 15.1 %Austria15.1Estonia: 13.9 %Estonia13.9Slovenia: 11.6 %Slovenia11.6Denmark: 10 %Denmark10Portugal: 9.5 %Portugal9.5Germany: 7.8 %Germany7.8Finland: 7.7 %Finland7.7France: 7.7 %France7.7Luxembourg: 7.1 %Luxembourg7.1Spain: 5.9 %Spain5.9Belgium: 5.6 %Belgium5.6Netherlands: 4.8 %Netherlands4.8Malta: 3.7 %Malta3.7Cyprus: 3.4 %Cyprus3.4Ireland: 3.1 %Ireland3.1Romania: 45.8 %Romania45.8Latvia: 42.2 %Latvia42.2Bulgaria: 41.1 %Bulgaria41.1Croatia: 38.5 %Croatia38.5Poland: 37.6 %Poland37.6Slovakia: 34.1 %Slovakia34.1Greece: 28.7 %Greece28.7Italy: 28.3 %Italy28.3Lithuania: 22.9 %Lithuania22.9Hungary: 20.4 %Hungary20.4Sweden: 15.6 %Sweden15.6Czechia: 15.4 %Czechia15.4Austria: 15.1 %Austria15.1Estonia: 13.9 %Estonia13.9Slovenia: 11.6 %Slovenia11.6Denmark: 10 %Denmark10Portugal: 9.5 %Portugal9.5Germany: 7.8 %Germany7.8Finland: 7.7 %Finland7.7France: 7.7 %France7.7Luxembourg: 7.1 %Luxembourg7.1Spain: 5.9 %Spain5.9Belgium: 5.6 %Belgium5.6Netherlands: 4.8 %Netherlands4.8Malta: 3.7 %Malta3.7Cyprus: 3.4 %Cyprus3.4Ireland: 3.1 %Ireland3.1
%. Source: Eurostat, Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2019 (%)Change on 2018
1Romania45.8-0.5 pts
2Latvia42.2-1.2 pts
3Bulgaria41.1-0.5 pts
4Croatia38.5-0.8 pts
5Poland37.6-1.6 pts
6Slovakia34.1-1.4 pts
7Greece28.7-0.5 pts
8Italy28.3+0.5 pts
9Lithuania22.9+0.1 pts
10Hungary Series break20.4+0.3 pts
11Sweden15.6+0.4 pts
12Czechia15.4-0.3 pts
13Austria15.1+1.6 pts
14Estonia13.9+1.3 pts
15Slovenia11.6-0.9 pts
16Denmark10+0.8 pts
17Portugal9.5-0.1 pts
18Germany7.8+0.4 pts
19Finland7.7+0.4 pts
19France7.7-0.5 pts
21Luxembourg7.1-1.3 pts
22Spain5.9+1.2 pts
23Belgium Series break5.6-0.1 pts
24Netherlands4.8+0.7 pts
25Malta3.7+0.3 pts
26Cyprus3.4+0.9 pts
27Ireland Series break3.1+0.4 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Share of the population living in a dwelling with fewer rooms than the EU standard for the household: one room for the household, one per couple, one per single person aged 18 or over, one per pair of children of the same sex aged 12 to 17, one per single child aged 12 to 17 not in such a pair, and one per pair of children under 12 (EU-SILC).

The reference year is the survey year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a) (EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2019) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table

MLA 9

Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a), EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2019. Eurostat, European Commission, 17 Sept. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2019. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2019. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2019.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a), EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2019 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2019 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_eu_countries_by_overcrowding_2019,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc\_lvho05a): EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2019}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2019. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc\_lvho05a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc\_lvho05a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a): EU countries by overcrowding rate, 2019
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/17
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2019
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/overcrowding-rate/eu-countries?period=2019.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_lvho05a/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest overcrowding rate?

Romania, with 45.8% in 2019, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which EU country has the lowest overcrowding rate?

Ireland, with 3.1% in 2019.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Overcrowding rate, total population (ilc_lvho05a). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

EU countries: more rankings