Data / Rankings / Nonemployer businesses: construction / US states

US states by nonemployer businesses: construction

Texas had the highest nonemployer businesses: construction of 51 states in 2014, at 273,286. District of Columbia had the lowest, at 2,070. The median was 35,738 and the figure for the United States was 2.44 million. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest273,286Texas
Lowest2,070District of Columbia
Median35,73851 states
United States2,442,519History

Map of states, 2014

Alabama: 40,347 countAlaska: 4,623 countArizona: 36,239 countArkansas: 28,226 countCalifornia: 225,246 countColorado: 53,046 countConnecticut: 32,221 countDelaware: 5,957 countDistrict of Columbia: 2,070 countFlorida: 170,898 countGeorgia: 95,490 countHawaii: 7,544 countIdaho: 13,532 countIllinois: 93,264 countIndiana: 47,642 countIowa: 26,267 countKansas: 20,466 countKentucky: 38,450 countLouisiana: 37,739 countMaine: 17,248 countMaryland: 47,302 countMassachusetts: 57,484 countMichigan: 76,762 countMinnesota: 40,599 countMississippi: 27,726 countMissouri: 50,881 countMontana: 11,881 countNebraska: 15,515 countNevada: 11,039 countNew Hampshire: 16,577 countNew Jersey: 55,603 countNew Mexico: 11,240 countNew York: 133,347 countNorth Carolina: 86,591 countNorth Dakota: 5,886 countOhio: 90,660 countOklahoma: 36,230 countOregon: 20,591 countPennsylvania: 92,987 countRhode Island: 8,439 countSouth Carolina: 35,738 countSouth Dakota: 7,416 countTennessee: 62,600 countTexas: 273,286 countUtah: 16,865 countVermont: 9,204 countVirginia: 60,559 countWashington: 30,731 countWest Virginia: 9,050 countWisconsin: 38,544 countWyoming: 4,671 count
  • Under 9,000
  • 9,000 to 17K
  • 17K to 36K
  • 36K to 47K
  • 47K to 83K
  • 83K and over
count, 2014. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2014

Texas: 273,286 countTexas273,286California: 225,246 countCalifornia225,246Florida: 170,898 countFlorida170,898New York: 133,347 countNew York133,347Georgia: 95,490 countGeorgia95,490Illinois: 93,264 countIllinois93,264Pennsylvania: 92,987 countPennsylvania92,987Ohio: 90,660 countOhio90,660North Carolina: 86,591 countNorth Carolina86,591Michigan: 76,762 countMichigan76,762Tennessee: 62,600 countTennessee62,600Virginia: 60,559 countVirginia60,559Massachusetts: 57,484 countMassachusetts57,484New Jersey: 55,603 countNew Jersey55,603Colorado: 53,046 countColorado53,046Missouri: 50,881 countMissouri50,881Indiana: 47,642 countIndiana47,642Maryland: 47,302 countMaryland47,302Minnesota: 40,599 countMinnesota40,599Alabama: 40,347 countAlabama40,347Wisconsin: 38,544 countWisconsin38,544Kentucky: 38,450 countKentucky38,450Louisiana: 37,739 countLouisiana37,739Arizona: 36,239 countArizona36,239Oklahoma: 36,230 countOklahoma36,230South Carolina: 35,738 countSouth Carolina35,738Connecticut: 32,221 countConnecticut32,221Washington: 30,731 countWashington30,731Arkansas: 28,226 countArkansas28,226Mississippi: 27,726 countMississippi27,726Iowa: 26,267 countIowa26,267Oregon: 20,591 countOregon20,591Kansas: 20,466 countKansas20,466Maine: 17,248 countMaine17,248Utah: 16,865 countUtah16,865New Hampshire: 16,577 countNew Hampshire16,577Nebraska: 15,515 countNebraska15,515Idaho: 13,532 countIdaho13,532Montana: 11,881 countMontana11,881New Mexico: 11,240 countNew Mexico11,240Nevada: 11,039 countNevada11,039Vermont: 9,204 countVermont9,204West Virginia: 9,050 countWest Virginia9,050Rhode Island: 8,439 countRhode Island8,439Hawaii: 7,544 countHawaii7,544South Dakota: 7,416 countSouth Dakota7,416Delaware: 5,957 countDelaware5,957North Dakota: 5,886 countNorth Dakota5,886Wyoming: 4,671 countWyoming4,671Alaska: 4,623 countAlaska4,623District of Columbia: 2,070 countDistrict of Columbia2,070Texas: 273,286 countTexas273,286California: 225,246 countCalifornia225,246Florida: 170,898 countFlorida170,898New York: 133,347 countNew York133,347Georgia: 95,490 countGeorgia95,490Illinois: 93,264 countIllinois93,264Pennsylvania: 92,987 countPennsylvania92,987Ohio: 90,660 countOhio90,660North Carolina: 86,591 countNorth Carolina86,591Michigan: 76,762 countMichigan76,762Tennessee: 62,600 countTennessee62,600Virginia: 60,559 countVirginia60,559Massachusetts: 57,484 countMassachusetts57,484New Jersey: 55,603 countNew Jersey55,603Colorado: 53,046 countColorado53,046Missouri: 50,881 countMissouri50,881Indiana: 47,642 countIndiana47,642Maryland: 47,302 countMaryland47,302Minnesota: 40,599 countMinnesota40,599Alabama: 40,347 countAlabama40,347Wisconsin: 38,544 countWisconsin38,544Kentucky: 38,450 countKentucky38,450Louisiana: 37,739 countLouisiana37,739Arizona: 36,239 countArizona36,239Oklahoma: 36,230 countOklahoma36,230South Carolina: 35,738 countSouth Carolina35,738Connecticut: 32,221 countConnecticut32,221Washington: 30,731 countWashington30,731Arkansas: 28,226 countArkansas28,226Mississippi: 27,726 countMississippi27,726Iowa: 26,267 countIowa26,267Oregon: 20,591 countOregon20,591Kansas: 20,466 countKansas20,466Maine: 17,248 countMaine17,248Utah: 16,865 countUtah16,865New Hampshire: 16,577 countNew Hampshire16,577Nebraska: 15,515 countNebraska15,515Idaho: 13,532 countIdaho13,532Montana: 11,881 countMontana11,881New Mexico: 11,240 countNew Mexico11,240Nevada: 11,039 countNevada11,039Vermont: 9,204 countVermont9,204West Virginia: 9,050 countWest Virginia9,050Rhode Island: 8,439 countRhode Island8,439Hawaii: 7,544 countHawaii7,544South Dakota: 7,416 countSouth Dakota7,416Delaware: 5,957 countDelaware5,957North Dakota: 5,886 countNorth Dakota5,886Wyoming: 4,671 countWyoming4,671Alaska: 4,623 countAlaska4,623District of Columbia: 2,070 countDistrict of Columbia2,070
count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2014
count		Change on 2013
1Texas273,286+5.9%
2California225,246+2.9%
3Florida170,898+6.8%
4New York133,347+1.4%
5Georgia95,490+5.1%
6Illinois93,264+2.5%
7Pennsylvania92,987+2.2%
8Ohio90,660+1.7%
9North Carolina86,591+3.8%
10Michigan76,762+2.9%
11Tennessee62,600+3.3%
12Virginia60,559+3.7%
13Massachusetts57,484+2.4%
14New Jersey55,603+2.9%
15Colorado53,046+5.1%
16Missouri50,881+1.2%
17Indiana47,642+2.3%
18Maryland47,302+3%
19Minnesota40,599+0.6%
20Alabama40,347+2.2%
21Wisconsin38,544+1.2%
22Kentucky38,450-0.3%
23Louisiana37,739+0.6%
24Arizona36,239+2.7%
25Oklahoma36,230+1.8%
26South Carolina35,738+3.2%
27Connecticut32,221+1.4%
28Washington30,731+2.9%
29Arkansas28,226+1.8%
30Mississippi27,726+2.1%
31Iowa26,267+1.3%
32Oregon20,591+0.3%
33Kansas20,466+1.3%
34Maine17,248+1.7%
35Utah16,865+2.1%
36New Hampshire16,577+0.7%
37Nebraska15,515+3.1%
38Idaho13,532+2.8%
39Montana11,881+2.6%
40New Mexico11,240+1.5%
41Nevada11,039+5.9%
42Vermont9,204+0.1%
43West Virginia9,050+0.9%
44Rhode Island8,439+1.1%
45Hawaii7,544+3.3%
46South Dakota7,416+1.6%
47Delaware5,957+3.5%
48North Dakota5,886+3.7%
49Wyoming4,671+3.5%
50Alaska4,623+2.8%
51District of Columbia2,070+1.9%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in construction (NAICS 23), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2017). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2014) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2014. U.S. Census Bureau, 6 June 2017, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2014. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2017. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2014. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2014.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2017) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2014 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2014 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2014,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2014}},
  year = {2017},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2014. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2014
PY  - 2017
DA  - 2017/06/06
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2014
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2014.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2014/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: construction?

Texas, with 273,286 in 2014, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: construction?

District of Columbia, with 2,070 in 2014.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

US states: more rankings