Data / Rankings / Nonemployer businesses: construction / US states

US states by nonemployer businesses: construction

Texas had the highest nonemployer businesses: construction of 51 states in 2013, at 258,109. District of Columbia had the lowest, at 2,032. The median was 34,622 and the figure for the United States was 2.37 million. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest258,109Texas
Lowest2,032District of Columbia
Median34,62251 states
United States2,368,442History

Map of states, 2013

Alabama: 39,463 countAlaska: 4,499 countArizona: 35,301 countArkansas: 27,731 countCalifornia: 218,993 countColorado: 50,490 countConnecticut: 31,767 countDelaware: 5,758 countDistrict of Columbia: 2,032 countFlorida: 159,990 countGeorgia: 90,822 countHawaii: 7,303 countIdaho: 13,159 countIllinois: 91,006 countIndiana: 46,579 countIowa: 25,926 countKansas: 20,198 countKentucky: 38,574 countLouisiana: 37,531 countMaine: 16,952 countMaryland: 45,914 countMassachusetts: 56,148 countMichigan: 74,612 countMinnesota: 40,370 countMississippi: 27,156 countMissouri: 50,259 countMontana: 11,582 countNebraska: 15,045 countNevada: 10,420 countNew Hampshire: 16,469 countNew Jersey: 54,056 countNew Mexico: 11,072 countNew York: 131,484 countNorth Carolina: 83,388 countNorth Dakota: 5,677 countOhio: 89,148 countOklahoma: 35,586 countOregon: 20,530 countPennsylvania: 90,943 countRhode Island: 8,345 countSouth Carolina: 34,622 countSouth Dakota: 7,299 countTennessee: 60,580 countTexas: 258,109 countUtah: 16,521 countVermont: 9,196 countVirginia: 58,403 countWashington: 29,855 countWest Virginia: 8,970 countWisconsin: 38,095 countWyoming: 4,514 count
  • Under 9,000
  • 9,000 to 17K
  • 17K to 35K
  • 35K to 46K
  • 46K to 80K
  • 80K and over
count, 2013. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2013

Texas: 258,109 countTexas258,109California: 218,993 countCalifornia218,993Florida: 159,990 countFlorida159,990New York: 131,484 countNew York131,484Illinois: 91,006 countIllinois91,006Pennsylvania: 90,943 countPennsylvania90,943Georgia: 90,822 countGeorgia90,822Ohio: 89,148 countOhio89,148North Carolina: 83,388 countNorth Carolina83,388Michigan: 74,612 countMichigan74,612Tennessee: 60,580 countTennessee60,580Virginia: 58,403 countVirginia58,403Massachusetts: 56,148 countMassachusetts56,148New Jersey: 54,056 countNew Jersey54,056Colorado: 50,490 countColorado50,490Missouri: 50,259 countMissouri50,259Indiana: 46,579 countIndiana46,579Maryland: 45,914 countMaryland45,914Minnesota: 40,370 countMinnesota40,370Alabama: 39,463 countAlabama39,463Kentucky: 38,574 countKentucky38,574Wisconsin: 38,095 countWisconsin38,095Louisiana: 37,531 countLouisiana37,531Oklahoma: 35,586 countOklahoma35,586Arizona: 35,301 countArizona35,301South Carolina: 34,622 countSouth Carolina34,622Connecticut: 31,767 countConnecticut31,767Washington: 29,855 countWashington29,855Arkansas: 27,731 countArkansas27,731Mississippi: 27,156 countMississippi27,156Iowa: 25,926 countIowa25,926Oregon: 20,530 countOregon20,530Kansas: 20,198 countKansas20,198Maine: 16,952 countMaine16,952Utah: 16,521 countUtah16,521New Hampshire: 16,469 countNew Hampshire16,469Nebraska: 15,045 countNebraska15,045Idaho: 13,159 countIdaho13,159Montana: 11,582 countMontana11,582New Mexico: 11,072 countNew Mexico11,072Nevada: 10,420 countNevada10,420Vermont: 9,196 countVermont9,196West Virginia: 8,970 countWest Virginia8,970Rhode Island: 8,345 countRhode Island8,345Hawaii: 7,303 countHawaii7,303South Dakota: 7,299 countSouth Dakota7,299Delaware: 5,758 countDelaware5,758North Dakota: 5,677 countNorth Dakota5,677Wyoming: 4,514 countWyoming4,514Alaska: 4,499 countAlaska4,499District of Columbia: 2,032 countDistrict of Columbia2,032Texas: 258,109 countTexas258,109California: 218,993 countCalifornia218,993Florida: 159,990 countFlorida159,990New York: 131,484 countNew York131,484Illinois: 91,006 countIllinois91,006Pennsylvania: 90,943 countPennsylvania90,943Georgia: 90,822 countGeorgia90,822Ohio: 89,148 countOhio89,148North Carolina: 83,388 countNorth Carolina83,388Michigan: 74,612 countMichigan74,612Tennessee: 60,580 countTennessee60,580Virginia: 58,403 countVirginia58,403Massachusetts: 56,148 countMassachusetts56,148New Jersey: 54,056 countNew Jersey54,056Colorado: 50,490 countColorado50,490Missouri: 50,259 countMissouri50,259Indiana: 46,579 countIndiana46,579Maryland: 45,914 countMaryland45,914Minnesota: 40,370 countMinnesota40,370Alabama: 39,463 countAlabama39,463Kentucky: 38,574 countKentucky38,574Wisconsin: 38,095 countWisconsin38,095Louisiana: 37,531 countLouisiana37,531Oklahoma: 35,586 countOklahoma35,586Arizona: 35,301 countArizona35,301South Carolina: 34,622 countSouth Carolina34,622Connecticut: 31,767 countConnecticut31,767Washington: 29,855 countWashington29,855Arkansas: 27,731 countArkansas27,731Mississippi: 27,156 countMississippi27,156Iowa: 25,926 countIowa25,926Oregon: 20,530 countOregon20,530Kansas: 20,198 countKansas20,198Maine: 16,952 countMaine16,952Utah: 16,521 countUtah16,521New Hampshire: 16,469 countNew Hampshire16,469Nebraska: 15,045 countNebraska15,045Idaho: 13,159 countIdaho13,159Montana: 11,582 countMontana11,582New Mexico: 11,072 countNew Mexico11,072Nevada: 10,420 countNevada10,420Vermont: 9,196 countVermont9,196West Virginia: 8,970 countWest Virginia8,970Rhode Island: 8,345 countRhode Island8,345Hawaii: 7,303 countHawaii7,303South Dakota: 7,299 countSouth Dakota7,299Delaware: 5,758 countDelaware5,758North Dakota: 5,677 countNorth Dakota5,677Wyoming: 4,514 countWyoming4,514Alaska: 4,499 countAlaska4,499District of Columbia: 2,032 countDistrict of Columbia2,032
count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2013
count		Change on 2012
1Texas258,109+1.8%
2California218,993+1.1%
3Florida159,990+4.4%
4New York131,484+1.1%
5Illinois91,006+0.7%
6Pennsylvania90,943-0.2%
7Georgia90,822+1.7%
8Ohio89,148+0.5%
9North Carolina83,388+1.9%
10Michigan74,612+1.7%
11Tennessee60,580-2.4%
12Virginia58,403+0.2%
13Massachusetts56,148+1.1%
14New Jersey54,056+1.3%
15Colorado50,490+3.5%
16Missouri50,259-2.2%
17Indiana46,579+1.8%
18Maryland45,914+11.9%
19Minnesota40,370-1.4%
20Alabama39,463-2.5%
21Kentucky38,574-2.3%
22Wisconsin38,095-1%
23Louisiana37,531-0.6%
24Oklahoma35,586-0.1%
25Arizona35,301+1.7%
26South Carolina34,622+0.3%
27Connecticut31,767+0.2%
28Washington29,855-3.2%
29Arkansas27,731-1.7%
30Mississippi27,156+1.2%
31Iowa25,926-0.5%
32Oregon20,530-3.4%
33Kansas20,198+0.5%
34Maine16,952-1.7%
35Utah16,521-0.1%
36New Hampshire16,469-1.9%
37Nebraska15,045+0.7%
38Idaho13,159+1.1%
39Montana11,582-1.9%
40New Mexico11,072+0.7%
41Nevada10,420+0.8%
42Vermont9,196-2.4%
43West Virginia8,970-1.8%
44Rhode Island8,345+0.8%
45Hawaii7,303+0.6%
46South Dakota7,299+2.1%
47Delaware5,758+0.2%
48North Dakota5,677+0.5%
49Wyoming4,514-1.8%
50Alaska4,499-1.9%
51District of Columbia2,032+6%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in construction (NAICS 23), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2017). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2013) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2013. U.S. Census Bureau, 6 June 2017, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2013. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2017. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2013. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2013.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2017) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2013 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2013 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2013,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2013}},
  year = {2017},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2013. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: construction, 2013
PY  - 2017
DA  - 2017/06/06
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2013
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-construction/us-states?period=2013.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2013/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: construction?

Texas, with 258,109 in 2013, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: construction?

District of Columbia, with 2,032 in 2013.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

US states: more rankings