Data / Rankings / Natural change rate / EU countries

EU countries by natural change rate

Ireland had the highest natural change rate of 27 EU countries in 2014, at 8.2 per 1,000 inhabitants. Bulgaria had the lowest, at -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitants. The median was 0.4 per 1,000 inhabitants and the figure for the European Union (27) was 0 per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest8.2Ireland
Lowest-5.8Bulgaria
Median0.427 EU countries
European Union (27)0History

All EU countries, 2014

Ireland: 8.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsIreland8.2Cyprus: 4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCyprus4.5Luxembourg: 4 per 1,000 inhabitantsLuxembourg4France: 3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsFrance3.9Sweden: 2.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsSweden2.7Malta: 2.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsMalta2.1Netherlands: 2.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsNetherlands2.1Belgium: 1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsBelgium1.8Slovenia: 1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsSlovenia1.1Denmark: 1 per 1,000 inhabitantsDenmark1Finland: 0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsFinland0.9Slovakia: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsSlovakia0.7Spain: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsSpain0.7Austria: 0.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsAustria0.4Czechia: 0.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCzechia0.4Poland: 0 per 1,000 inhabitantsPoland0Estonia: -1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsEstonia-1.5Italy: -1.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsItaly-1.6Germany: -1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsGermany-1.9Greece: -2 per 1,000 inhabitantsGreece-2Portugal: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsPortugal-2.2Croatia: -2.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsCroatia-2.7Romania: -2.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsRomania-2.8Hungary: -3.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsHungary-3.4Latvia: -3.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsLatvia-3.4Lithuania: -3.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsLithuania-3.7Bulgaria: -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsBulgaria-5.8
per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population (demo_gind). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2014
per 1,000 inhabitants		Change on 2013
1Ireland8.2-0.3 pts
2Cyprus4.5-0.4 pts
3Luxembourg4-0.2 pts
4France Series break3.9+0.2 pts
5Sweden2.7+0.3 pts
6Malta2.1+0.2 pts
6Netherlands2.1+0.3 pts
8Belgium Series break1.8+0.3 pts
9Slovenia1.1+0.2 pts
10Denmark1+0.4 pts
11Finland0.9-0.3 pts
12Slovakia0.7+0.2 pts
12Spain0.7-0.1 pts
14Austria0.4+0.4 pts
14Czechia0.4+0.6 pts
16Poland0+0.5 pts
17Estonia-1.5-0.2 pts
18Italy-1.6-0.2 pts
19Germany-1.9+0.7 pts
20Greece-2-0.4 pts
21Portugal-2.2+0.1 pts
22Croatia-2.7-0.2 pts
23Romania Estimated-2.8+0.1 pts
24Hungary-3.4+0.4 pts
24Latvia-3.4+0.6 pts
26Lithuania-3.7+0.6 pts
27Bulgaria-5.8-0.5 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Live births minus deaths during the year per 1,000 average residents (Eurostat crude rate of natural change).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population (demo_gind). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_gind/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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Questions

Which EU country has the highest natural change rate?

Ireland, with 8.2 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2014, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which EU country has the lowest natural change rate?

Bulgaria, with -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2014.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population (demo_gind). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Natural change rate: other rankings

EU countries: more rankings