Data / Rankings / Labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) / US cities

US cities by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)

Jackson, WY had the highest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) of 3214 cities in 2022, at 88.8%. Florence, AZ had the lowest, at 20.6%. The median was 64.8% and the figure for the United States was 63.5%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest88.8Jackson, WY
Lowest20.6Florence, AZ
Median64.83214 cities
United States63.5History

Top 40 cities, 2022

Jackson, WY: 88.8 %Jackson, WY88.8Harrisburg, SD: 88.5 %Harrisburg, SD88.5Northlake, TX: 83.5 %Northlake, TX83.5Whitestown, IN: 83.4 %Whitestown, IN83.4Vineyard, UT: 82.5 %Vineyard, UT82.5Big Lake, MN: 81.8 %Big Lake, MN81.8Lavon, TX: 81.4 %Lavon, TX81.4Snoqualmie, WA: 81.2 %Snoqualmie, WA81.2Addison, TX: 80.9 %Addison, TX80.9Ferndale, MI: 80.8 %Ferndale, MI80.8West Fargo, ND: 80.1 %West Fargo, ND80.1Hoboken, NJ: 80 %Hoboken, NJ80Plano, IL: 80 %Plano, IL80Waukee, IA: 79.4 %Waukee, IA79.4Port Wentworth, GA: 79.4 %Port Wentworth, GA79.4Farmington, MN: 79.3 %Farmington, MN79.3Brandon, SD: 79.3 %Brandon, SD79.3Herndon, VA: 79.2 %Herndon, VA79.2Somerville, MA: 79.1 %Somerville, MA79.1Frederick, CO: 79 %Frederick, CO79Gardner, KS: 78.9 %Gardner, KS78.9The Colony, TX: 78.9 %The Colony, TX78.9North Liberty, IA: 78.6 %North Liberty, IA78.6Wixom, MI: 78.5 %Wixom, MI78.5St. Michael, MN: 78.4 %St. Michael, MN78.4Smyrna, GA: 78.4 %Smyrna, GA78.4Alexandria, VA: 78 %Alexandria, VA78West Hollywood, CA: 78 %West Hollywood, CA78Woods Cross, UT: 78 %Woods Cross, UT78Phoenixville, PA: 77.9 %Phoenixville, PA77.9Rifle, CO: 77.9 %Rifle, CO77.9Patchogue, NY: 77.9 %Patchogue, NY77.9Severance, CO: 77.9 %Severance, CO77.9Harrison, OH: 77.8 %Harrison, OH77.8Belgrade, MT: 77.6 %Belgrade, MT77.6Box Elder, SD: 77.5 %Box Elder, SD77.5Brookhaven, GA: 77.5 %Brookhaven, GA77.5Emeryville, CA: 77.3 %Emeryville, CA77.3Hutto, TX: 77.3 %Hutto, TX77.3Bluffdale, UT: 77.2 %Bluffdale, UT77.2Jackson, WY: 88.8 %Jackson, WY88.8Harrisburg, SD: 88.5 %Harrisburg, SD88.5Northlake, TX: 83.5 %Northlake, TX83.5Whitestown, IN: 83.4 %Whitestown, IN83.4Vineyard, UT: 82.5 %Vineyard, UT82.5Big Lake, MN: 81.8 %Big Lake, MN81.8Lavon, TX: 81.4 %Lavon, TX81.4Snoqualmie, WA: 81.2 %Snoqualmie, WA81.2Addison, TX: 80.9 %Addison, TX80.9Ferndale, MI: 80.8 %Ferndale, MI80.8West Fargo, ND: 80.1 %West Fargo, ND80.1Hoboken, NJ: 80 %Hoboken, NJ80Plano, IL: 80 %Plano, IL80Waukee, IA: 79.4 %Waukee, IA79.4Port Wentworth, GA: 79.4 %Port Wentworth, GA79.4Farmington, MN: 79.3 %Farmington, MN79.3Brandon, SD: 79.3 %Brandon, SD79.3Herndon, VA: 79.2 %Herndon, VA79.2Somerville, MA: 79.1 %Somerville, MA79.1Frederick, CO: 79 %Frederick, CO79Gardner, KS: 78.9 %Gardner, KS78.9The Colony, TX: 78.9 %The Colony, TX78.9North Liberty, IA: 78.6 %North Liberty, IA78.6Wixom, MI: 78.5 %Wixom, MI78.5St. Michael, MN: 78.4 %St. Michael, MN78.4Smyrna, GA: 78.4 %Smyrna, GA78.4Alexandria, VA: 78 %Alexandria, VA78West Hollywood, CA: 78 %West Hollywood, CA78Woods Cross, UT: 78 %Woods Cross, UT78Phoenixville, PA: 77.9 %Phoenixville, PA77.9Rifle, CO: 77.9 %Rifle, CO77.9Patchogue, NY: 77.9 %Patchogue, NY77.9Severance, CO: 77.9 %Severance, CO77.9Harrison, OH: 77.8 %Harrison, OH77.8Belgrade, MT: 77.6 %Belgrade, MT77.6Box Elder, SD: 77.5 %Box Elder, SD77.5Brookhaven, GA: 77.5 %Brookhaven, GA77.5Emeryville, CA: 77.3 %Emeryville, CA77.3Hutto, TX: 77.3 %Hutto, TX77.3Bluffdale, UT: 77.2 %Bluffdale, UT77.2
%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankCities2022 (%)Change on 2021
1Jackson, WY88.8+2.7 pts
2Harrisburg, SD88.5+1 pts
3Northlake, TX83.5+0.9 pts
4Whitestown, IN83.4-1 pts
5Vineyard, UT82.5+2.2 pts
6Big Lake, MN81.8+0.9 pts
7Lavon, TX81.40 pts
8Snoqualmie, WA81.2-0.6 pts
9Addison, TX80.9+0.2 pts
10Ferndale, MI80.8-0.9 pts
11West Fargo, ND80.1-1 pts
12Hoboken, NJ80-1 pts
13Plano, IL80+3.2 pts
14Waukee, IA79.4-0.9 pts
15Port Wentworth, GA79.4-1.5 pts
16Farmington, MN79.3+1 pts
17Brandon, SD79.3-0.4 pts
18Herndon, VA79.2-0 pts
19Somerville, MA79.1-0.3 pts
20Frederick, CO79-0.5 pts
21Gardner, KS78.9-0.6 pts
22The Colony, TX78.9+1.1 pts
23North Liberty, IA78.6-2 pts
24Wixom, MI78.5-0.3 pts
25St. Michael, MN78.4-0.2 pts
26Smyrna, GA78.4+0.8 pts
27Alexandria, VA78-0.3 pts
28West Hollywood, CA78-1.2 pts
28Woods Cross, UT78-1 pts
30Phoenixville, PA77.9+1.5 pts
31Rifle, CO77.9-0.3 pts
32Patchogue, NY77.9+1 pts
33Severance, CO77.9-0.4 pts
34Harrison, OH77.8+1.3 pts
35Belgrade, MT77.6-1.3 pts
36Box Elder, SD77.5+1.7 pts
37Brookhaven, GA77.5-1 pts
38Emeryville, CA77.3-0.5 pts
39Hutto, TX77.3-0.4 pts
40Bluffdale, UT77.2-0.2 pts
41Minooka, IL77.1-2.1 pts
42Farmers Branch, TX77.1+2.3 pts
43Windsor, WI77.10 pts
44Knightdale, NC77-0.8 pts
45Suwanee, GA77+0.3 pts
46Centerton, AR77+1.6 pts
47Jacksonville, NC76.9-1.5 pts
48Grapevine, TX76.9-0.2 pts
49Leesburg, VA76.9-0.1 pts
50Williston, ND76.8-1.4 pts
51Laurel, MD76.8+0.1 pts
52Manassas Park, VA76.7-1.1 pts
53Johnstown, CO76.6-1.3 pts
54Hailey, ID76.5+2.1 pts
55Savage, MN76.5-1.3 pts
56Parker, CO76.5+0.3 pts
57Erie, CO76.4+1.5 pts
58Leander, TX76.3+1.4 pts
59Hyattsville, MD76.3-2.5 pts
60Ankeny, IA76.2-1.8 pts
60Grain Valley, MO76.2+1 pts
62El Segundo, CA76.2+0.3 pts
63La Vista, NE76.1-0.8 pts
64Berkley, MI76.1-0.2 pts
65Chamblee, GA76.1-1.8 pts
65West Jordan, UT76.1-0 pts
67Dayton, MN76-0.2 pts
67Euless, TX76+0.9 pts
67Indian Trail, NC76+0.9 pts
70Broussard, LA76+0.2 pts
71Eagle Mountain, UT760 pts
72Manor, TX76+0.5 pts
72North Chicago, IL76-0.2 pts
74Roselle Park, NJ76+2.5 pts
75Grimes, IA75.9-0.4 pts
76Herriman, UT75.9-0.1 pts
76Lewisville, TX75.9-0.6 pts
78West Point, UT75.9+1 pts
79Pflugerville, TX75.9+0.6 pts
80Mission, KS75.8+0.5 pts
81Lindenhurst, IL75.8+0.8 pts
82West Haven, UT75.8+1.1 pts
83St. Louis Park, MN75.8-0.4 pts
84Oakland Park, FL75.7+1.4 pts
85Montgomery, IL75.7-1.1 pts
86Otsego, MN75.7-0.1 pts
87Westwood, NJ75.7+2.3 pts
88Royse City, TX75.7+4.1 pts
89Huntertown, IN75.7+0.3 pts
90Spring Hill, KS75.6+2.1 pts
91Lafayette, CO75.6-0.1 pts
92Royal Oak, MI75.5-0.3 pts
93Selma, TX75.5-0.9 pts
94Calera, AL75.4-1.6 pts
95Champlin, MN75.4+1.2 pts
96Nolensville, TN75.4+0.7 pts
97Aliso Viejo, CA75.3-0.6 pts
97Kearney, MO75.3+0.2 pts
99Maitland, FL75.3+1.1 pts
99Midvale, UT75.3-0.7 pts
101Woodstock, GA75.3-0.3 pts
102Cary, IL75.3-2.5 pts
103Avon, IN75.2-1.7 pts
104Fairburn, GA75.1+3.6 pts
105Lake in the Hills, IL75.1-0.7 pts
106Little Elm, TX75.1-0.5 pts
107Chaska, MN75.1-0.8 pts
107Glenwood Springs, CO75.1+0.6 pts
107Lakeville, MN75.1-1.5 pts
110Havelock, NC75.1-2 pts
111Carpentersville, IL75.1+0.4 pts
112Sussex, WI75-0.2 pts
113Forney, TX75+1.7 pts
114Morristown, NJ75-0.5 pts
115Fate, TX75+0.7 pts
116Fargo, ND74.9-0.6 pts
117Prior Lake, MN74.9-0.8 pts
117Roanoke, TX74.9+0.4 pts
119Austin, TX74.9+0.2 pts
120Hugo, MN74.8-0.4 pts
121Pickerington, OH74.8+0.4 pts
122Algonquin, IL74.8-0.1 pts
123Heber, UT74.8-2.3 pts
123Independence, KY74.8-1.5 pts
125East Bethel, MN74.8+1 pts
126Wylie, TX74.7-0.5 pts
127Zachary, LA74.7+1.3 pts
128Lakewood, OH74.7+0.2 pts
129Pooler, GA74.7-0.3 pts
130Flowery Branch, GA74.7-2.6 pts
130Richmond Hill, GA74.7+1.3 pts
132Stafford, TX74.7+1.2 pts
133Shakopee, MN74.7-0.2 pts
134Norwalk, IA74.6-1.5 pts
134Sanger, TX74.6+0.9 pts
136Morrisville, NC74.6+0.9 pts
137Rosemount, MN74.6-2.6 pts
138Fife, WA74.6-0.6 pts
139Round Lake, IL74.5-0.1 pts
140Eagan, MN74.5+0.2 pts
141Bound Brook, NJ74.50 pts
141Wood-Ridge, NJ74.5+3 pts
143Mineola, NY74.5+0.8 pts
144Englewood, CO74.5-0.6 pts
145Grandview, WA74.5-1.3 pts
145McCordsville, IN74.5+1.2 pts
145South Burlington, VT74.5+1.9 pts
148Syracuse, UT74.4-0.4 pts
149Warrenville, IL74.4-0.7 pts
150Hilliard, OH74.4-1.1 pts
151Lehi, UT74.4+0.7 pts
152Greenville, WI74.4n/a
153La Vergne, TN74.4+0.7 pts
154Rancho Santa Margarita, CA74.3+1.4 pts
154Verona, WI74.3-0.1 pts
156Thornton, CO74.3+0.7 pts
157Lake Zurich, IL74.3+0.1 pts
158Firestone, CO74.2-0.4 pts
158Sioux Falls, SD74.2+0.1 pts
160North Lauderdale, FL74.2+0.3 pts
161Hopatcong, NJ74.2+0.6 pts
162West Des Moines, IA74.1-0 pts
163Wauconda, IL74.1-0.6 pts
164Carrollton, TX74.1+0.2 pts
165Clive, IA74+0.3 pts
166Youngsville, LA74-0.6 pts
167Denver, CO74+0.3 pts
168Superior, CO73.9-1.2 pts
169Seattle, WA73.9-0.3 pts
170Kearns, UT73.9+0.1 pts
170North Salt Lake, UT73.9-0.6 pts
172Lenexa, KS73.8+0.6 pts
172Ridgefield Park, NJ73.8+0.8 pts
174Coppell, TX73.8-0.3 pts
175Pompton Lakes, NJ73.8+1.3 pts
176Rolling Meadows, IL73.8+2.5 pts
176Victoria, MN73.8+0.3 pts
178Manhattan, IL73.8+1.3 pts
179Falls Church, VA73.7-0.5 pts
180Arlington, TN73.7+1.6 pts
181Apex, NC73.7-0.2 pts
181Magna, UT73.7-0.4 pts
181Pike Road, AL73.7-0.3 pts
184Greenbelt, MD73.7-2.2 pts
185Santaquin, UT73.7+0.6 pts
186Norcross, GA73.7-0.6 pts
187Somerville, NJ73.6+3.5 pts
187Yorkville, IL73.6-0.9 pts
189Holly Springs, NC73.6-0.7 pts
190Woodbury, MN73.6-0.3 pts
191Molalla, OR73.6+1.7 pts
191Olathe, KS73.6-1.2 pts
193Harrison, WI73.6-1.3 pts
194Maple Grove, MN73.5+0.4 pts
194Robbinsdale, MN73.5+1.2 pts
194Sauk Rapids, MN73.5-1 pts
197Cottage Grove, MN73.5+0.2 pts
198Castle Rock, CO73.5+0.8 pts
198Smyrna, TN73.5-0.3 pts
200Minneapolis, MN73.5-0.9 pts
201Commerce City, CO73.5-0.7 pts
202Logan, UT73.5+1.1 pts
203Kyle, TX73.4+0.2 pts
204Forest Lake, MN73.4-1.1 pts
205Ramsey, MN73.4-1.5 pts
206Red Oak, TX73.4-0.2 pts
207Lawrence, IN73.4+2.2 pts
207Mounds View, MN73.4-0.7 pts
207South Salt Lake, UT73.4+3 pts
210Brooklyn Park, MN73.3-0.7 pts
211Issaquah, WA73.3+0.3 pts
212Webster, TX73.3-3.7 pts
213Grayslake, IL73.3-0.1 pts
214South Elgin, IL73.3-1.3 pts
215Round Lake Beach, IL73.3-0.8 pts
216Monticello, MN73.2+1.9 pts
217Dardenne Prairie, MO73.2+1.6 pts
218Missoula, MT73.2-0.2 pts
219Gaithersburg, MD73.2-0.1 pts
219Glenpool, OK73.2-1 pts
221Costa Mesa, CA73.2-0.4 pts
221Hays, KS73.2+1.6 pts
223Edgewater, NJ73.1-0.5 pts
223Round Rock, TX73.1-1.1 pts
223Waconia, MN73.1-0.1 pts
226Noblesville, IN73.1-0.3 pts
227South St. Paul, MN73.1+0.8 pts
228Woodridge, IL73.1-1.5 pts
229Lone Tree, CO73.1-0.3 pts
230Mandan, ND73.1+0.2 pts
231Lockport, IL73.1+0.1 pts
231Minot, ND73.1-0.8 pts
231Mountain View, CA73.1-1 pts
234Fishers, IN73-0.2 pts
234Princeton, TX73-0.9 pts
236North Plainfield, NJ73-1.3 pts
237Troutdale, OR73-1.7 pts
238O'Fallon, MO73-0.2 pts
238Salt Lake City, UT73+0.3 pts
238Westminster, CO73+0.4 pts
241Layton, UT73+0.3 pts
242New Carrollton, MD73-0.1 pts
243Fairview Park, OH73+0.8 pts
243New Richmond, WI73-1.5 pts
245Midlothian, TX73+0.4 pts
245Sartell, MN73-0.3 pts
247Plainfield, IL73-0.8 pts
248Takoma Park, MD72.9-1.8 pts
249Andrews, TX72.9+2.5 pts
249Watauga, TX72.9+0.2 pts

Showing the top 250 of 3214. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

About this ranking

People aged 16 and over in the labor force (employed, unemployed or in the Armed Forces) as a percentage of all people aged 16 and over, including people in group quarters. United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.

The Census Bureau definition used in its data profiles. It differs from the BLS labor_force_participation_rate, which counts the civilian noninstitutional population only.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the cities are compared on one definition. 5 cities with data in other periods have no value for 2022 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more) (US cities by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat

MLA 9

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), US cities by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2022. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). US cities by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2022.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), US cities by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2022 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_cities_by_labor_2022,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): US cities by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2022. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): US cities by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2022
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2022
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/us-cities?period=2022.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2022/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2022-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Rank US cities by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) using official data, and cite the source.
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Questions

Which city has the highest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

Jackson, WY, with 88.8% in 2022, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which city has the lowest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

Florence, AZ, with 20.6% in 2022.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Retrieved 2026-10-12. 5 cities have no value for 2022 and are not ranked.

Labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate): other rankings

US cities: more rankings