Castile and León in figures

A profile of Castile and León from official statistics: 32 figures in 7 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Castile and León was 2.4 million in 2025, up 0.4% from 2024, and the 6th highest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain.

Natural change rate-6.7 per 1,000 inhabitants2024Down 0.2 per 1,000 inhabitants from 2023The 3rd lowest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain
Population aged 65 and over27.3%2025Up 0.4 percentage points from 2024
Foreign nationals share of population8.5%2025Up 0.8 percentage points from 2024
Population density25.5 inhabitants per km²2024Unchanged from 2023
2.35M2.4M2.45M2.5M2.55M2.6M20012005200920132017202120252001: 2,479,425 persons2002: 2,480,369 persons2003: 2,487,646 persons2004: 2,493,918 persons2005: 2,510,849 persons2006: 2,523,020 persons2007: 2,528,417 persons2008: 2,557,330 persons2009: 2,563,521 persons2010: 2,559,515 persons2011: 2,558,463 persons2012: 2,546,078 persons2013: 2,519,875 persons2014: 2,494,790 persons2015: 2,472,052 persons2016: 2,447,519 persons2017: 2,425,801 persons2018: 2,409,164 persons2019: 2,399,548 persons2020: 2,394,918 persons2021: 2,383,139 persons2022: 2,372,640 persons2023: 2,380,149 persons2024: 2,388,350 persons2025: 2,398,500 persons
Population, 2001 to 2025. persons. Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles: Revisión del Padrón municipal (tabla 29005).

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles: Revisión del Padrón municipal (tabla 29005); Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3); Invokely, Población de 65 años y más entre población total (Censo anual, INE); Invokely, Población extranjera entre población total (Censo anual, INE); Eurostat, European Commission, Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Castile and León was 8.37% in Q2 2026, down 0.09 percentage points from Q2 2025, and the 9th lowest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain.

Unemployment rate8.37%Q2 2026Down 0.09 percentage points from Q2 2025The 9th lowest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain
Employment rate49.91%Q2 2026Down 0.05 percentage points from Q2 2025
At-risk-of-poverty rate19.8%2025Up 1.3 percentage points from 2024
Registered unemployment98,831September 2026, estimatedUp 2.8% from September 2025
8101214162016-Q32018-Q12019-Q32021-Q12022-Q32024-Q12026-Q22016-Q3: 13.91 %2016-Q4: 14.81 %2017-Q1: 15.13 %2017-Q2: 14.45 %2017-Q3: 13.02 %2017-Q4: 13.71 %2018-Q1: 13.91 %2018-Q2: 12 %2018-Q3: 11.3 %2018-Q4: 11.21 %2019-Q1: 12.42 %2019-Q2: 11.76 %2019-Q3: 11.18 %2019-Q4: 11.2 %2020-Q1: 11.82 %2020-Q2: 12.35 %2020-Q3: 12.49 %2020-Q4: 11.61 %2021-Q1: 13.16 %2021-Q2: 12.93 %2021-Q3: 9.93 %2021-Q4: 10.46 %2022-Q1: 11.23 %2022-Q2: 10.51 %2022-Q3: 9.08 %2022-Q4: 8.9 %2023-Q1: 10.34 %2023-Q2: 9.19 %2023-Q3: 9.61 %2023-Q4: 9.59 %2024-Q1: 10.26 %2024-Q2: 9.81 %2024-Q3: 9.34 %2024-Q4: 8.23 %2025-Q1: 8.7 %2025-Q2: 8.46 %2025-Q3: 8.68 %2025-Q4: 8.36 %2026-Q1: 9.04 %2026-Q2: 8.37 %
Unemployment rate, Q3 2016 to Q2 2026. %. Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Encuesta de Población Activa: tasa de paro por comunidad autónoma (tabla 65334).

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Encuesta de Población Activa: tasa de paro por comunidad autónoma (tabla 65334); Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Atlas de distribución de renta de los hogares: renta neta media por hogar (tabla 53689); Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Atlas de distribución de renta de los hogares: renta neta media por persona (tabla 53689); Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Encuesta de Población Activa: tasa de empleo por comunidad autónoma (tabla 65305); Eurostat, European Commission, At-risk-of-poverty rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_li41); Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal, Paro registrado por municipios. Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (euros) in Castile and León was €77.76 billion (provisional) in 2025, up 5.4% from 2024, and the 7th highest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain.

Gross domestic product (GDP)€77.76 billion2025, provisionalUp 5.4% from 2024The 7th highest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain
GDP per capita€32,2622025, provisionalUp 4.8% from 2024The 8th highest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain
Real GDP growth3%2025, provisionalUp 0.1 percentage points from 2024Tied for the 3rd highest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain
GDP per capita in PPS (EU27 = 100)86%2024, provisionalUnchanged from 2023
30K40K50K60K70K80K20012005200920132017202120252001: 37,940 EUR million2002: 40,241 EUR million2003: 42,711 EUR million2004: 45,369 EUR million2005: 48,378 EUR million2006: 51,564 EUR million2007: 55,131 EUR million2008: 56,295 EUR million2009: 54,452 EUR million2010: 54,693 EUR million2011: 54,329 EUR million2012: 52,590 EUR million2013: 51,280 EUR million2014: 51,384 EUR million2015: 53,183 EUR million2016: 54,631 EUR million2017: 55,879 EUR million2018: 58,327 EUR million2019: 59,649 EUR million2020: 54,795 EUR million2021: 59,466 EUR million2022: 65,467 EUR million2023: 69,958 EUR million2024: 73,794 EUR million2025: 77,757 EUR million
Gross domestic product (GDP), 2001 to 2025. EUR million. Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Contabilidad regional de España: PIB a precios de mercado (tabla 82284).

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Contabilidad regional de España: PIB a precios de mercado (tabla 82284); Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Contabilidad regional de España: PIB per cápita (tabla 82285); Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Contabilidad regional de España: PIB en volumen, tasa de variación interanual (tabla 82286); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP per inhabitant in PPS, EU27 = 100, by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). Economy statistics and rankings

Prices and housing

Inflation rate in Castile and León was 4.7% in August 2026, up 2.1 percentage points from August 2025, and tied for the 3rd highest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain.

Average home mortgage amount€127,020July 2026, estimatedUp 8.2% from July 2025The 6th lowest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain
Home sales3,486July 2026, provisionalUp 9.7% from July 2025
02.557.51012.52021-082022-052023-022023-112024-082025-052026-082021-08: 3.8 %2021-09: 4.5 %2021-10: 6.1 %2021-11: 6.2 %2021-12: 7.3 %2022-01: 6.7 %2022-02: 8.5 %2022-03: 11 %2022-04: 9.6 %2022-05: 9.9 %2022-06: 11.6 %2022-07: 12 %2022-08: 11.8 %2022-09: 10 %2022-10: 8.1 %2022-11: 7.8 %2022-12: 6.5 %2023-01: 6.5 %2023-02: 6.5 %2023-03: 3.4 %2023-04: 4 %2023-05: 3.2 %2023-06: 1.6 %2023-07: 1.9 %2023-08: 2.4 %2023-09: 3.2 %2023-10: 3.2 %2023-11: 2.8 %2023-12: 2.8 %2024-01: 3.4 %2024-02: 2.8 %2024-03: 3.1 %2024-04: 3.3 %2024-05: 3.5 %2024-06: 3.2 %2024-07: 2.5 %2024-08: 2 %2024-09: 1.1 %2024-10: 1.5 %2024-11: 2.2 %2024-12: 2.7 %2025-01: 2.7 %2025-02: 2.8 %2025-03: 2.1 %2025-04: 2.1 %2025-05: 1.9 %2025-06: 2.3 %2025-07: 2.7 %2025-08: 2.6 %2025-09: 3 %2025-10: 3 %2025-11: 3.1 %2025-12: 2.8 %2026-01: 2.1 %2026-02: 2.1 %2026-03: 3.5 %2026-04: 3.5 %2026-05: 3.2 %2026-06: 3.1 %2026-07: 3.8 %2026-08: 4.7 %
Inflation (CPI annual change), August 2021 to August 2026. %. Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Índice de precios de consumo, base 2025: variación anual del índice general (tablas 76125, 76136 y 76141).

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Índice de precios de consumo, base 2025: variación anual del índice general (tablas 76125, 76136 y 76141); Invokely, Importe medio de las hipotecas sobre viviendas (Estadística de Hipotecas, INE); Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Índice de precios de vivienda: variación anual, general (tabla 80270); Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Estadística de transmisiones de derechos de la propiedad: compraventa de viviendas (tabla 6150). Housing statistics and rankings

Consumers

Severe material and social deprivation rate in Castile and León was 6.7% in 2025, up 0.2 percentage points from 2024, and tied for the 8th lowest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain.

2345672015201720192021202320252015: 3.7 %2016: 2.8 %2017: 4.2 %2018: 2.8 %2019: 2.5 %2020: 4.1 %2021: 6.1 %2022: 5 %2023: 6.4 %2024: 6.5 %2025: 6.7 %
Severe material and social deprivation rate, 2015 to 2025. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Severe material and social deprivation rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_mdsd18).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Severe material and social deprivation rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_mdsd18); Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals who ordered goods or services over the internet for private use in the last 12 months by NUTS 2 region (isoc_r_blt12_i). Economy statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Active companies in Castile and León were 148,679 in 2025, up 0.2% from 2024, and the 6th highest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain.

New companies created275July 2026, provisionalUp 7.8% from July 2025The 9th lowest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain
Enterprise death rate6.67%2023, estimatedDown 0.71 percentage points from 2022
Nights spent in tourist accommodation13.45 million2025Up 3% from 2024
International tourist arrivals1.46 million2025Up 8.9% from 2024
140K150K160K170K180K20012005200920132017202120252001: 147,775 count2002: 147,496 count2003: 151,448 count2004: 155,004 count2005: 159,196 count2006: 163,856 count2007: 170,319 count2008: 173,209 count2009: 170,626 count2010: 168,972 count2011: 166,509 count2012: 164,994 count2013: 162,153 count2014: 159,473 count2015: 161,119 count2016: 161,364 count2017: 161,619 count2018: 161,986 count2019: 161,407 count2020: 160,199 count2021: 157,131 count2022: 157,730 count2023: 148,223 count2024: 148,398 count2025: 148,679 count
Active companies, 2001 to 2025. count. Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Directorio central de empresas: empresas activas por provincia (tabla 302).

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Directorio central de empresas: empresas activas por provincia (tabla 302); Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Estadística de sociedades mercantiles: sociedades constituidas (tablas 13917 y 13913); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, birth rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, death rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2); Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Estadística de movimientos turísticos en fronteras (FRONTUR): turistas por comunidad autónoma de destino (tabla 23988). Companies statistics and rankings

Health

Life expectancy in Castile and León was 84.67 years in 2024, up 0.13 years from 2023, and the 2nd highest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain.

Infant mortality rate2.7 per 1,000 live births2024Down 0.5 per 1,000 live births from 2023The 5th lowest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain
Age-standardised death rate, all causes697 per 100,000 people2023Down 77.6 per 100,000 people from 2022The 2nd lowest of 19 autonomous communities in Spain
Road deaths per million inhabitants68 per million inhabitants2024Down 2 per million inhabitants from 2023
80818283848520002004200820122016202020242000: 80.59 years2001: 81.07 years2002: 80.8 years2003: 80.94 years2004: 81.47 years2005: 81.29 years2006: 81.94 years2007: 81.87 years2008: 82.22 years2009: 82.67 years2010: 82.9 years2011: 83.17 years2012: 83.16 years2013: 83.48 years2014: 83.6 years2015: 83.58 years2016: 83.82 years2017: 83.82 years2018: 83.92 years2019: 84.2 years2020: 82.53 years2021: 83.94 years2022: 83.68 years2023: 84.54 years2024: 84.67 years
Life expectancy at birth, 2000 to 2024. years. Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Indicadores demográficos básicos: esperanza de vida al nacimiento (tablas 1414, 1448, 1485 y 30687).

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Indicadores demográficos básicos: esperanza de vida al nacimiento (tablas 1414, 1448, 1485 y 30687); Eurostat, European Commission, Infant mortality rates by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_minfind); Eurostat, European Commission, Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2); Eurostat, European Commission, Victims in road accidents by NUTS 2 region, killed per million inhabitants (tran_r_acci). Health statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles: Revisión del Padrón municipal (tabla 29005). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=29005. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  2. Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  3. Eurostat. Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  4. Invokely calculation from Población de 65 años y más entre población total (Censo anual, INE). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#population_65_plus_share. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  5. Invokely calculation from Población extranjera entre población total (Censo anual, INE). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#foreign_population_share. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  6. Eurostat. Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_d3dens/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  7. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Encuesta de Población Activa: tasa de paro por comunidad autónoma (tabla 65334). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=65334. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  8. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Atlas de distribución de renta de los hogares: renta neta media por hogar (tabla 53689). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=53689. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  9. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Atlas de distribución de renta de los hogares: renta neta media por persona (tabla 53689). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=53689. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  10. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Encuesta de Población Activa: tasa de empleo por comunidad autónoma (tabla 65305). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=65305. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  11. Eurostat. At-risk-of-poverty rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_li41). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_li41/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  12. Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal (SEPE). Paro registrado por municipios. https://www.sepe.es/HomeSepe/que-es-el-sepe/estadisticas/datos-estadisticos/municipios/2026/septiembre.html. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  13. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Contabilidad regional de España: PIB a precios de mercado (tabla 82284). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=82284. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  14. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Contabilidad regional de España: PIB per cápita (tabla 82285). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=82285. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  15. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Contabilidad regional de España: PIB en volumen, tasa de variación interanual (tabla 82286). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=82286. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  16. Eurostat. GDP per inhabitant in PPS, EU27 = 100, by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  17. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Índice de precios de consumo, base 2025: variación anual del índice general (tablas 76125, 76136 y 76141). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=76136. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  18. Invokely calculation from Importe medio de las hipotecas sobre viviendas (Estadística de Hipotecas, INE). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#average_mortgage_amount. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  19. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Índice de precios de vivienda: variación anual, general (tabla 80270). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=80270. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  20. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Estadística de transmisiones de derechos de la propiedad: compraventa de viviendas (tabla 6150). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=6150. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  21. Eurostat. Severe material and social deprivation rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_mdsd18). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_mdsd18/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  22. Eurostat. Individuals who ordered goods or services over the internet for private use in the last 12 months by NUTS 2 region (isoc_r_blt12_i). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_r_blt12_i/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  23. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Directorio central de empresas: empresas activas por provincia (tabla 302). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=302. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  24. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Estadística de sociedades mercantiles: sociedades constituidas (tablas 13917 y 13913). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=13913. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  25. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, birth rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  26. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, death rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  27. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  28. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Estadística de movimientos turísticos en fronteras (FRONTUR): turistas por comunidad autónoma de destino (tabla 23988). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=23988. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  29. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Indicadores demográficos básicos: esperanza de vida al nacimiento (tablas 1414, 1448, 1485 y 30687). https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=1448. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
  30. Eurostat. Infant mortality rates by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_minfind). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_minfind/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  31. Eurostat. Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/hlth_cd_asdr2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  32. Eurostat. Victims in road accidents by NUTS 2 region, killed per million inhabitants (tran_r_acci). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tran_r_acci/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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