Data / Population and demography / The world

Population and demography around the world

The latest figures for 8 indicators in the world, how the countries compare, and the source of each figure.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

Population

Population in the world was 8.22 billion in 2025, up 0.9% from 2024.

Of 215 countries in 2025, India had the highest population (1.46 billion) and Tuvalu the lowest (9,492).

World, 20258.22 billionUp 0.9% from 2024History
Highest, 20251.46 billionIndia
Lowest, 20259,492Tuvalu
India: 1,463,865,525 personsIndia1,463,865,525China: 1,406,585,000 personsChina1,406,585,000United States: 341,784,857 personsUnited States341,784,857Indonesia: 285,721,236 personsIndonesia285,721,236Pakistan: 255,219,554 personsPakistan255,219,554Nigeria: 237,527,782 personsNigeria237,527,782Brazil: 212,812,405 personsBrazil212,812,405Bangladesh: 175,686,899 personsBangladesh175,686,899Russia: 143,513,328 personsRussia143,513,328Ethiopia: 135,472,051 personsEthiopia135,472,051
Top 10 countries, 2025. persons. Source: World Bank.

Highest and lowest countries

Full ranking of countries. Sources: World Bank, Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL).

Population growth rate

Population growth in the world was 0.93% in 2023, up 0.06 percentage points from 2022.

Of 215 countries in 2023, Oman had the highest population growth (6.53%) and Ukraine the lowest (-8.42%).

World, 20230.93%Up 0.06 percentage points from 2022History
Highest, 20236.53%Oman
Lowest, 2023-8.42%Ukraine
Oman: 6.53 %Oman6.53Kuwait: 5.59 %Kuwait5.59Syria: 4.92 %Syria4.92Singapore: 4.86 %Singapore4.86Saudi Arabia: 4.64 %Saudi Arabia4.64Chad: 4.57 %Chad4.57South Sudan: 4.11 %South Sudan4.11Malta: 3.99 %Malta3.99United Arab Emirates: 3.98 %United Arab Emirates3.98Bahrain: 3.38 %Bahrain3.38
Top 10 countries, 2023. %. Source: World Bank.

Highest and lowest countries

Full ranking of countries. Sources: World Bank, Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW).

Median age, July 1 estimate

Median age in the world (July 1 estimate) was 30.36 years (estimated) in 2023, up 0.27 years from 2022.

Of 236 countries in 2023, Vatican City had the highest median age (59.63 years) and the Central African Republic the lowest (14.32 years).

World, 202330.36 yearsUp 0.27 years from 2022History
Highest, 202359.63 yearsVatican City
Lowest, 202314.32 yearsCentral African Republic
Vatican City: 59.63 yearsVatican City59.63Monaco: 54.36 yearsMonaco54.36Saint Helena: 50.45 yearsSaint Helena50.45Japan: 48.96 yearsJapan48.96Martinique: 48.79 yearsMartinique48.79Italy: 47.46 yearsItaly47.46San Marino: 47.39 yearsSan Marino47.39Guadeloupe: 46.57 yearsGuadeloupe46.57Saint Pierre and Miquelon: 46.4 yearsSaint Pierre and Miquelon46.4Portugal: 46.2 yearsPortugal46.2
Top 10 countries, 2023. years. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division.

Highest and lowest countries

Full ranking of countries. Sources: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition. Median age on 1 July, modelled estimates 1950 to 2023; projections excluded; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition. Median age on 1 July, modelled estimates 1950 to 2023; projections excluded.

Population aged 65 and over

Share of population aged 65 and over in the world was 10% in 2023, up 0.2 percentage points from 2022.

Of 215 countries in 2023, Monaco had the highest share of population aged 65 and over (36.4%) and Qatar the lowest (1.6%).

World, 202310%Up 0.2 percentage points from 2022History
Highest, 202336.4%Monaco
Lowest, 20231.6%Qatar
Monaco: 36.4 %Monaco36.4Japan: 29.6 %Japan29.6Puerto Rico: 24.2 %Puerto Rico24.2Italy: 24.2 %Italy24.2Portugal: 24.1 %Portugal24.1Finland: 23.6 %Finland23.6Greece: 23.5 %Greece23.5Croatia: 22.8 %Croatia22.8Germany: 22.8 %Germany22.8Isle of Man: 22.7 %Isle of Man22.7
Top 10 countries, 2023. %. Source: World Bank.

Highest and lowest countries

Full ranking of countries. Sources: World Bank, Population ages 65 and above, % of total population (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS).

Population density

Population density in the world was 62.1 inhabitants per km² in 2023, up 0.9% from 2022.

Of 214 countries in 2024, Macao had the highest population density (20,630.6 inhabitants per km²) and Greenland the lowest (0.1 inhabitants per km²).

World, 202362.1 inhabitants per km²Up 0.9% from 2022History
Highest, 202420,630.6 inhabitants per km²Macao
Lowest, 20240.1 inhabitants per km²Greenland

Highest and lowest countries

  • Macao20,630.6 inhabitants per km²
  • Monaco18,536.9 inhabitants per km²
  • Singapore8,329 inhabitants per km²

Full ranking of countries. Sources: World Bank, Population density, people per km² of land area (EN.POP.DNST).

Net migration

Net migration in the world was 0 in 2023, unchanged from 2022.

Of 215 countries in 2023, the United States had the highest net migration (1.32 million) and Pakistan the lowest (-1.62 million).

World, 20230Unchanged from 2022History
Highest, 20231.32 millionUnited States
Lowest, 2023-1.62 millionPakistan

Highest and lowest countries

Full ranking of countries. Sources: World Bank, Net migration (SM.POP.NETM).

Total fertility rate

Fertility rate in the world was 2.2 children per woman in 2023, down 0.02 children per woman from 2022.

Of 215 countries in 2023, Somalia had the highest fertility rate (6.13 children per woman) and Macao the lowest (0.59 children per woman).

World, 20232.2 children per womanDown 0.02 children per woman from 2022History
Highest, 20236.13 children per womanSomalia
Lowest, 20230.59 children per womanMacao

Highest and lowest countries

  • Somalia6.13 children per woman
  • Chad6.12 children per woman
  • Niger6.06 children per woman

Full ranking of countries. Sources: World Bank, Fertility rate, total, births per woman (SP.DYN.TFRT.IN).

Life expectancy at birth

Life expectancy in the world was 73.33 years in 2023, up 0.36 years from 2022.

Of 215 countries in 2023, Monaco had the highest life expectancy (86.37 years) and Nigeria the lowest (54.46 years).

World, 202373.33 yearsUp 0.36 years from 2022History
Highest, 202386.37 yearsMonaco
Lowest, 202354.46 yearsNigeria

Highest and lowest countries

Full ranking of countries. Sources: World Bank, Life expectancy at birth, total, years (SP.DYN.LE00.IN).

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  2. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  3. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition. Median age on 1 July, modelled estimates 1950 to 2023; projections excluded. Modelled estimate. https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_Demographic_Indicators_Medium.csv.gz. Retrieved 2026-10-12. CC BY 3.0 IGO.
  4. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition. Median age on 1 July, modelled estimates 1950 to 2023; projections excluded. Modelled estimate. https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_Demographic_Indicators_Medium.csv.gz. Retrieved 2026-10-10. CC BY 3.0 IGO.
  5. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population ages 65 and above, % of total population (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  6. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population density, people per km² of land area (EN.POP.DNST). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  7. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Net migration (SM.POP.NETM). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.NETM. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  8. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Fertility rate, total, births per woman (SP.DYN.TFRT.IN). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.TFRT.IN. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  9. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Life expectancy at birth, total, years (SP.DYN.LE00.IN). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Population and demography in other areas

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